human coronavirus OC43

ヒトコロナウイルスOC43

WordNet

1. sing with closed lips; "She hummed a melody"
2. a humming noise; "the hum of distant traffic" (同)humming
3. be noisy with activity; "This office is buzzing with activity" (同)buzz, seethe
4. sound with a monotonous hum (同)thrum
5. make a low continuous sound; "The refrigerator is humming"
6. relating to a person; "the experiment was conducted on 6 monkeys and 2 human subjects"
7. characteristic of humanity; "human nature"
8. having human form or attributes as opposed to those of animals or divine beings; "human beings"; "the human body"; "human kindness"; "human frailty"

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 〈ハチ・機械などが〉『ブンブンいう』,ブーンと鳴る / 『鼻歌を歌う』,ハミングスル / (ちゅうちょ・当惑で)ふむふむいう / 《話》〈雰囲気・事業などが〉活気がある,活発に動く;(…で)活気づく《+『with』+『名』》 / …‘を'『ハミングで歌う』,鼻歌を歌って…‘を'(ある状熊に)する / (ハチ・機械などの)『ブンブン』[『うなる音』];鼻歌 / (雑踏などの)ガヤガヤ]いう音],騒音 / ふ‐む,う‐ん(ちゅうちょ・当惑・黙考・疑惑・不快などの声)
2. (動物・神に対して)『人間の』,人の / 『人間らいし』,人間的な,人情味のある / 〈C〉《複数形》(動物に怠して)人間(human being) / 〈U〉《the human》人類

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/01/26 23:05:17」(JST)

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HCov-OC43
Virus classification
Group:	Group IV ((+)ssRNA)
Order:	Nidovirales
Family:	Coronaviridae
Subfamily:	Coronavirinae
Genus:	Betacoronavirus
Species:	Human coronavirus OC43

Human coronavirus OC43 is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus species in the Betacoronavirus genus, of the subfamily Coronavirinae, in the family Coronaviridae, of the order Nidovirales.

Virology

Four HCoV-OC43 genotypes (A to D), have been identified with genotype D most likely arising from recombination. The complete genome sequencing of two genotype C and D strains and bootscan analysis shows recombination events between genotypes B and C in the generation of genotype D. Of 29 strains identified, none belong to the more ancient genotype A. Molecular clock analysis using spike and nucleocapsid genes dates the most recent common ancestor of all genotypes to the 1950s. Genotype B and C date to the 1980s. Genotype B to the 1990s, and genotype C to the late 1990s to early 2000s. The recombinant genotype D strains were detected as early as 2004.

Pathogenesis

Along with HCoV-229E, a species in the Alphacoronavirus genus, HCoV-OC43 are among the known viruses that cause the common cold. Both viruses can cause severe lower respiratory tract infections, including pneumonia in infants, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals such as those undergoing chemotherapy and those with HIV-AIDS.

Epidemiology

Coronaviruses have a worldwide distribution, causing 10–15% of common cold cases. Infections show a seasonal pattern with most cases occurring in the winter months.

See also

• Betacoronavirus
• RNA virus
• Human coronavirus HKU1
• Positive/negative-sense

External links

• http://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/about/
• http://virology-online.com/viruses/CORZA4.htm
• Coronaviruses
• Viralzone: Betacoronavirus
• Virus Pathogen Database and Analysis Resource (ViPR): Coronaviridae

References

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. コロナウイルス coronaviruses
• 2. MERSコロナウイルス middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus
• 3. 幼児および小児における細気管支炎：臨床的特徴および診断 bronchiolitis in infants and children clinical features and diagnosis
• 4. 鳥インフルエンザA（H7N9）：治療および予防 avian influenza a h7n9 treatment and prevention
• 5. 成人における市中肺炎の疫学、病因、および微生物学 epidemiology pathogenesis and microbiology of community acquired pneumonia in adults

English Journal

• Cross-reactive antibodies in convalescent SARS patients' sera against the emerging novel human coronavirus EMC (2012) by both immunofluorescent and neutralizing antibody tests.

• Chan KH, Chan JF, Tse H, Chen H, Lau CC, Cai JP, Tsang AK, Xiao X, To KK, Lau SK, Woo PC, Zheng BJ, Wang M, Yuen KY.SourceDepartment of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
• The Journal of infection.J Infect.2013 Aug;67(2):130-40. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2013.03.015. Epub 2013 Apr 10.
• OBJECTIVES: A severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-like disease due to a novel betacoronavirus, human coronavirus EMC (HCoV-EMC), has emerged recently. HCoV-EMC is phylogenetically closely related to Tylonycteris-bat-coronavirus-HKU4 and Pipistrellus-bat-coronavirus-HKU5 in Hong Kong. We conduct
• PMID 23583636

• No Serologic Evidence for Zoonotic Canine Respiratory Coronavirus Infections among Immunocompetent Adults.

• Krueger WS, Heil GL, Gray GC.SourceEmerging Pathogens Institute and College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
• Zoonoses and public health.Zoonoses Public Health.2013 Aug;60(5):349-54. doi: 10.1111/zph.12005. Epub 2012 Aug 27.
• Zoonotic diseases continue to emerge and threaten both human and animal health. Overcrowded shelters and breeding kennels create the perfect environment for amplified infectious disease transmission among dogs and present a critical opportunity for zoonotic pathogens to emerge and infect people who
• PMID 22925194

• Evolutionary dynamics of bovine coronaviruses: Natural selection pattern of the spike gene implies adaptive evolution of the strains.

• Bidokhti MR, Tråvén M, Krishna NK, Munir M, Belák S, Alenius S, Cortey M.SourceSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences;
• The Journal of general virology.J Gen Virol.2013 Jun 26. [Epub ahead of print]
• Coronaviruses (CoVs) demonstrate great potential for interspecies transmission, including zoonotic outbreaks. Although bovine coronavirus (BCoV) strains are frequently circulating in cattle farms worldwide, causing both enteric and respiratory disease, little is known about their genomic evolution.
• PMID 23804565

Japanese Journal

• Laboratory and Epidemiology Communications : Detection of Human Coronavirus NL63 and OC43 in Children with Acute Respiratory Infections in Niigata, Japan, between 2010 and 2011

• Kon Miyako,Watanabe Kaori,Tazawa Takashi [他]
• Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 65(3), 270-272, 2012-05
• NAID 40019276920

• 日本で飼育されている犬における2群コロナウイルスの流行(ウイルス学)

• 兼島 孝,宝達 勉,佐藤 久美,高野 友美,本川 賢司,小山 弘之
• The journal of veterinary medical science 68(1), 21-25, 2006-01-25
• … 因ウイルスである犬コロナウイルス(CCoV)は, 猫コロナウイルスと共に1群コロナウイルスに分類されている.しかし, 英国において, 呼吸器疾患を示す犬の気管組織から牛コロナウイルス(BCoV)や人コロナウイルスOC43株により近縁な2群コロナウイルス遺伝子が検出されることが報告された.我々は, この報告で, 日本で飼育されている犬および猫の2群コロナウイルスに対する抗体保有状況をBCoVを用いた中和試験によって調べ …
• NAID 110004675687

Related Links

• Coronavirinae - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

For many years, scientists knew about only two human coronaviruses (HCoV- 229E and HCoV-OC43). The discovery of SARS-CoV added a third human coronavirus. By the end of 2004, three independent research labs reported the discovery ...

• Human coronavirus OC43 causes influenza-like illness in residents ...

Three outbreaks of respiratory illness associated with human coronavirus HCoV- OC43 infection occurred in geographically unrelated aged-care facilities in Melbourne, Australia during August and September 2002. On clinical and ...

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「ヒトコロナウイルスOC43」
関連記事	「human」「coronavirus」「OC」

「ヒトコロナウイルスOC43」

　　[★]

英

human coronavirus OC43

「human」

　　[★]

• n.

• ヒト

• adj.

• ヒトの、ヒト型の

関

ape、hominid、Hominidae、homo、Homo sapiens、human being、human race、human-type、man、Pongidae

　 　 　 　

「coronavirus」

　　[★]

• コロナウイルス

関

Coronaviridae、porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus

「OC」

　　[★]

• 経口避妊薬,oral contraceptives OCs , oral contraceptive