高蛋白食、高タンパク質食

WordNet

in or to a high position, amount, or degree; "prices have gone up far too high"
a state of altered consciousness induced by alcohol or narcotics; "they took drugs to get a high on"
a state of sustained elation; "Im on a permanent high these days"
an air mass of higher than normal pressure; "the east coast benefits from a Bermuda high"
a lofty level or position or degree; "summer temperatures reached an all-time high"
a high place; "they stood on high and observed the countryside"; "he doesnt like heights" (同)heights
at a great altitude; "he climbed high on the ladder" (同)high up
used of sounds and voices; high in pitch or frequency (同)high-pitched
happy and excited and energetic (同)in high spirits
slightly and pleasantly intoxicated from alcohol or a drug (especially marijuana) (同)mellow
in a rich manner; "he lives high" (同)richly, luxuriously
(literal meaning) being at or having a relatively great or specific elevation or upward extension (sometimes used in combinations like `knee-high'
far up toward the source; "he lives high up the river"
greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount; "a high temperature"; "a high price"; "the high point of his career"; "high risks"; "has high hopes"; "the river is high"; "he has a high opinion of himself"
to be on base at the end of an inning, of a player
pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life; "She died from cancer"; "The children perished in the fire"; "The patient went peacefully"; "The old guy kicked the bucket at the age of 102" (同)decease, perish, go, exit, pass_away, expire, pass, kick the bucket, cash in one''s chips, buy the farm, conk, give-up the ghost, drop dead, pop_off, choke, croak, snuff it
disappear or come to an end; "Their anger died"; "My secret will die with me!"
suffer spiritual death; be damned (in the religious sense); "Whosoever..believes in me shall never die"
a small cube with 1 to 6 spots on the six faces; used in gambling to generate random numbers (同)dice
a cutting tool that is fitted into a diestock and used for cutting male (external) screw threads on screws or bolts or pipes or rods
a device used for shaping metal
cut or shape with a die; "Die out leather for belts" (同)die_out
lose sparkle or bouquet; "wine and beer can pall" (同)pall, become flat
be brought to or as if to the point of death by an intense emotion such as embarrassment, amusement, or shame; "I was dying with embarrassment when my little lie was discovered"; "We almost died laughing during the show"
feel indifferent towards; "She died to worldly things and eventually entered a monastery"
languish as with love or desire; "She dying for a cigarette"; "I was dying to leave"
suffer or face the pain of death; "Martyrs may die every day for their faith"
follow a regimen or a diet, as for health reasons; "He has high blood pressure and must stick to a low-salt diet"
the act of restricting your food intake (or your intake of particular foods) (同)dieting
a legislative assembly in certain countries (e.g., Japan)
a prescribed selection of foods
the usual food and drink consumed by an organism (person or animal)
eat sparingly, for health reasons or to lose weight
any of a large group of nitrogenous organic compounds that are essential constituents of living cells; consist of polymers of amino acids; essential in the diet of animals for growth and for repair of tissues; can be obtained from meat and eggs and milk and legumes; "a diet high in protein"

PrepTutorEJDIC

『高い』,高い所にある / 《数の後に置いて》高さが…ある / (数量・程度などが標準より)『高い』,大きい,激しい / (身分・地位が)『高い』,高貴な / 『気高い』,高潔な / (声の調子が)『高い』,鋭い / 値段の高い,金の掛かる,ぜいたくな / 楽しい,陽気な,上得意の / (時・季節が)盛りの,たけなわの / (色が)濃い,赤い / 《話》(酒・麻薬などに)酔って / 『高く』,高い所に / (価値・程度などが)高く,高度に,激しく / 〈C〉《話》高水準,高値 / 〈U〉(自動車の)高速ギア / 〈C〉《話》(麻薬などによる)酔った状態
〈人・動物が〉『死ぬ』,〈植物が〉『枯れる』 / 《副詞[句]を伴って》〈音・光・風などが〉消えてゆく《+『away』》;〈火・感情などが〉次第に収まる《+『down』》;〈家系・習慣などが〉絶えてなくなる《+『out』》 / 〈機械が〉動かなくなる,止まる / 《話》《進行形で》死ぬほど望む
さい,さいころ / ダイス,雄ねじ切り / (貨幣・メダルなどの)打ち型,打ち抜き型
(日本・デンマーク・スウェーデンなどの)『議会』,国会
(日常の)『飲食物』,常食 / (健康・体重調節などのための)『規定食』,制限食 / (健康増進などのために)〈人〉‘に'規定食を取らせる / 規定食を取る,食物を制限する
蛋白(たんばく)質
《話》(あいさつとして)『やあ』,こんにちは / 《英》(注意を促す発声として)おい,ちょっと(hey)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/08/23 16:06:10」(JST)

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Examples of high-protein foods are tofu (shown above), dairy products, fish, and meat.

A high-protein diet is often recommended by bodybuilders and nutritionists to help efforts to build muscle and lose fat. It should not be confused with low-carb diets such as the Atkins Diet, which are not calorie-controlled and which often contain large amounts of fat.

While adequate protein is required for building skeletal muscle and other tissues, there is ongoing debate regarding the use and necessity of high-protein diets in anaerobic exercise, in particular for weight training and bodybuilding.^[1]

Health effects

Extreme protein intake (in excess of 200 g per day), coupled with inadequate intake of other calorie sources (fat or carbohydrates), can cause a form of metabolic disturbance and death commonly known as rabbit starvation.^[2] Even when consuming other calorie sources, consuming more than 285g of protein per day (for an 80 kg person) may be unsafe.^[3]

Relatively little evidence has been gathered regarding the effect of less extreme long-term high intake of protein on the development of chronic diseases.^[4] Increased load on the kidney is a result of an increase in reabsorption of NaCl. This causes a decrease in the sensitivity of tubuloglomerular feedback, which, in turn, results in an increased glomerular filtration rate. This increases pressure in glomerular capillaries.^[5] When added to any additional renal disease, this may cause permanent glomerular damage.

As is apparent from the list below, many high-protein foods (indeed, most low-carb foods with protein) are fairly low in fiber. This can lead to discomfort if additional roughage is not added to the diet.

High-protein foods

High-protein foods include:

Food	Amount of protein
Soy protein isolate	80 g per 100 g^[6]
Boiled green soybeans	12 g per 100 g^[a]^[7]
Whey protein concentrate	up to 89 g per 100 g (Average, varies between brands)^[8]
Whey protein isolate	90+ g per 100 g (Average, varies between brands)^[8]
Peanuts	24 g per 100 g^[b]^[7]
Steak	27 to 34 g per 100 g^[c]^[7]
Chicken breast	31 g per 100 g^[d]^[7]
Salmon fillet	25 g per 100 g^[e]^[7]
Tuna (canned)	19 g per 100 g^[f]^[7]

Protein and weight training

Protein is described as essential by advocates of the high-protein diet, which includes a large proportion of the bodybuilding community; it is claimed to provide the muscle with amino acids required to repair the damage done by anaerobic exercise. High protein consumption leads to increased levels of IGF-1,^[9] a hormone which signals, amongst other things, that it is time to synthesize muscle proteins. Some consume Protein supplements after bodybuilding workouts, as they provide a quick and easily consumable protein source. ^[10] Alternatively, meat, beans, or other high-protein foods are consumed.

It is possible to maintain a strict vegan high-protein diet, though due to the lower protein density of plant-based foods this requires a larger absolute volume of food compared to a non-vegan diet; simply put, vegans must consume a lot more food to get a lot of protein.^[11] Legumes and soy foods are two vegan sources with high protein content per calorie. Vegans may engage in protein combining to obtain a complete mix of amino acids.^[12]

Although some testing shows that the body will absorb and use a greater amount of protein after "bodybuilding" type exercises than under more sedentary circumstances,^[13] and some studies on weight training show clinically significant gains in muscle with a very high protein diet when compared to more moderate intake, in some studies increased protein intake fails to translate into functional differences in strength or muscle size.^[14] However, consistently consuming less protein than an individual's body requires (approximately 0.7g/kg/day for a sedentary individual)^[15] causes loss of existing lean body mass, even with an excessively caloric diet.^[16]

Notes

^ Boiled and drained. 22.23 per 180 g
^ Dry roasted. 6.71 per 28.35 g
^ Separable lean. 22.92 to 29.19 per 85 g
^ Meat only. 26.68 per 86 g
^ Sockeye, cooked, dry heat. 21.59 per 85 g
^ Light, canned in water, drained solids. 16.52 per 85 g

References

^ "The Definitive Guide To Natural Bodybuilding". Retrieved 8 January 2015.
^ Bilsborough, Shane; Mann, Niel (April 2006). "A review of issues of dietary protein intake in humans" (PDF). International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 16 (2): 129–52. PMID 16779921. Retrieved 8 August 2013.
^ Bilsborough, S.; Mann, N. (April 2006). "A review of issues of dietary protein intake in humans". International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 16 (2): 129–152. PMID 16779921.
^ "Protein: Moving Closer to Center Stage". Harvard School of Public Health. Retrieved 8 August 2013.
^ Walter F., PhD. Boron. Medical Physiology: A Cellular And Molecular Approach. Elsevier/Saunders. p. 771. ISBN 1-4160-2328-3.
^ "USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference Release 25: Nutrient data for 16122, Soy protein isolate". United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 8 August 2013.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 25: Protein ( g ) Content of Selected Foods per Common Measure, sorted alphabetically" (PDF). United States Department of Agriculture. 2012. Retrieved 8 August 2013.
^ ^a ^b "Everything you want to know about Whey Protein Isolate but were afraid to ask". Best of Whey Protein. Retrieved 13 June 2011.
^ The CR Way by Paul McGlothin and Meredith Averill pg 16 "Many studies of growth regulation in adults and children show that protein intake increases IGF-1 levels - independent of calories."
^ "Protein Powder For Beginners". Retrieved 23 April 2015.
^ Pilon, Mary (4 January 2012). "Sculptured by Weights and a Strict Vegan Diet". The New York Times. Retrieved 9 August 2013.
^ "High-Protein Diet for Weight Loss". Retrieved 8 January 2015.
^ Lemon, P. W. R.; Tarnopolsky, M. A.; MacDougall, J. D.; Atkinson, S. A. (August 1992). "Protein requirements and muscle mass/strength changes during intensive training in novice bodybuilders" (PDF). Journal of Applied Physiology 73 (2): 767–75. PMID 1400008. Retrieved 9 August 2013.
^ Tipton, K. D.; Wolfe, R. R. (2004). "Protein and amino acids for athletes" (PDF). Journal of Sports Sciences 22 (1): 65–79. doi:10.1080/0264041031000140554. PMID 14971434. Retrieved 9 August 2013.
^ "Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs): Estimated Average Requirements" (PDF). Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Retrieved 9 August 2013.
^ Bray, George A. et al. (January 2012). "Effect of Dietary Protein Content on Weight Gain, Energy Expenditure, and Body Composition During Overeating: A Randomized Controlled Trial". Journal of the American Medical Association 307 (1): 47–55. doi:10.1001/jama.2011.1918. PMID 22215165. Retrieved 9 August 2013.

External links

High-protein diets: Are they safe? – Mayo Clinic
High protein diet and foods

UpToDate Contents

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1. 成人における肥満：食事療法 obesity in adults dietary therapy
2. ケトン食 the ketogenic diet
3. 食事中の炭水化物 dietary carbohydrates
4. 蛋白質摂取制限と慢性腎臓病の進行 protein restriction and progression of chronic kidney disease
5. 成人における健康食 healthy diet in adults

English Journal

Comparison of 2 weight-loss diets of different protein content on bone health: a randomized trial.

Jesudason D, Nordin BC, Keogh J, Clifton P.SourceFrom Food and Nutritional Sciences, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Adelaide, Australia (DJ, JK, and PC); the Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Human Nutrition, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (DJ and PC); the Endocrinology Department, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, Australia (DJ); Clinical Chemistry, South Australia Pathology, Adelaide, Australia (BECN); and the University of South Australia, Frome Road, Adelaide, Australia (JK and PC).
The American journal of clinical nutrition.Am J Clin Nutr.2013 Nov;98(5):1343-52. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.113.058586. Epub 2013 Sep 18.
BACKGROUND: It has been hypothesized that hip-fracture rates are higher in developed than in developing countries because high-protein (HP) Western diets induce metabolic acidosis and hypercalciuria. Confounders include interactions between dietary protein and calcium, sodium, and potassium.OBJECTIV
PMID 24047916

Impaired glucose tolerance in rats fed low-carbohydrate, high-fat diets.

Bielohuby M, Sisley S, Sandoval D, Herbach N, Zengin A, Fischereder M, Menhofer D, Stoehr BJ, Stemmer K, Wanke R, Tschöp MH, Seeley RJ, Bidlingmaier M.SourceEndocrine Research Unit, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU Munich, Germany;
American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism.Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab.2013 Nov;305(9):E1059-70. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00208.2013. Epub 2013 Aug 27.
Moderate low-carbohydrate/high-fat (LC-HF) diets are widely used to induce weight loss in overweight subjects, whereas extreme ketogenic LC-HF diets are used to treat neurological disorders like pediatric epilepsy. Usage of LC-HF diets for improvement of glucose metabolism is highly controversial; s
PMID 23982154

A maternal high-protein diet predisposes female offspring to increased fat mass in adulthood whereas a prebiotic fibre diet decreases fat mass in rats.

Hallam MC, Reimer RA.SourceFaculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 1N4.
The British journal of nutrition.Br J Nutr.2013 Nov;110(9):1732-41. doi: 10.1017/S0007114513000998. Epub 2013 Apr 8.
PMID 23561448

Japanese Journal

Decrease of muscle volume in chronic kidney disease: the role of mitochondria in skeletal muscle.

Yokoi Hideki,Yanagita Motoko
Kidney international 85(6), 1258-1260, 2014-06
… In addition, they show that a high-protein diet reduces exercise endurance through an inhibition of muscle pyruvate dehydrogenase. …
NAID 120005587841