- 同
- 正円孔
WordNet
- a natural opening or perforation through a bone or a membranous structure (同)hiatus
- spherical in shape
- marine microorganism having a calcareous shell with openings where pseudopods protrude (同)foraminifer
PrepTutorEJDIC
- (骨・植物などの)孔(こう),開口
- 《時におどけて》丸々と太った / (声が)朗々とした
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/04/03 14:11:15」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Bone: Foramen rotundum of Sphenoid |
|
|
| Sphenoid bone. Upper surface. (Foramen rotundum labeled at center left) |
|
|
| Base of the skull. Upper surface. Sphenoid is yellow, and arrows indicate the foramen rotundum.) |
| Latin |
foramen rotundum ossis sphenoidalis |
| Gray's |
subject #35 150 |
The foramen rotundum is a circular hole in the sphenoid bone that connects the middle cranial fossa and the pterygopalatine fossa.
|
Contents
- 1 Etymology
- 2 Structure
- 3 Contents
- 4 Morphology and morphometry
- 5 Additional images
- 6 See also
- 7 References
- 8 External links
|
Etymology
Foramen is the Latin term designating a hole-like opening. It derives from the Latin forare meaning to bore or perforate. Here, the opening is round as indicated by the Latin rotundum meaning round.
Structure
The foramen rotundum is one of the several circular apertures (the foramina) located in the base of the skull, in the anterior and medial part of the sphenoid bone.
The maxillary nerve passes through and exits the skull via the pterygopalatine fossa and the foramen rotundum.
The mean area of the foramen/foramina rotundum is not considerable, which may suggest that it/they play(s) a minor role in the dynamics of blood circulation in the venous system of the head.[1]
Contents
The foramen rotundum contains the maxillary branch of trigeminal cranial nerve (CN V).
Morphology and morphometry
The foramen rotundum evolves in shape throughout the fetal period, and from birth to adolescence. It achieves a perfect ring-shaped formation in the fetus after the 4th fetal month. It is mostly oval-shaped in the fetal period, and round-shaped after birth (generally speaking). After birth, the rotundum is about 2.5 mm and in 15- to 17-year olds about 3 mm in length. The average diameter of the foramen rotundum in adults is 3.55 mm. This was according to a developmental study published in The Hokkaido Journal of Medical Science on the foramen ovale, the foramen spinosum and the foramen rotundum, and according to a study about the postnatal enlargement of the foramina rotundum, ovale and spinosum and their topographical changes published in the Anatomischer Anzeiger.[2] [3]
Additional images
-
Sphenoid bone. Upper and posterior surfaces. |
-
Horizontal section of nasal and orbital cavities.
-
Medial wall of left orbit. The lowest label among those at upper right of the image reads Probe in foramen rotundum.
-
-
Labeled image of interior skull base.
See also
- Foramina of skull
- Foramen ovale
References
- ^ Reymond J, Charuta A, Wysocki J (2005). "The morphology and morphometry of the foramina of the greater wing of the human sphenoid bone". Folia Morphologica 64 (3): 188–93. PMID 16228954.
- ^ Yanagi S (1987). "Developmental studies on the foramen rotundum, foramen ovale and foramen spinosum of the human sphenoid bone". The Hokkaido Journal of Medical Science 62 (3): 485–96. PMID 3610040.
- ^ Lang J, Maier R, Schafhauser O (1984). "Postnatal enlargement of the foramina rotundum, ovale et spinosum and their topographical changes". Anatomischer Anzeiger 156 (5): 351–87. PMID 6486466.
External links
- SUNY Labs 22:os-0905
- cranialnerves at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (V)
- Foramen+rotundum at eMedicine Dictionary
- Superior view of the base of the skull at winona.edu
This article incorporates text from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy.
|
Bones of head and neck: the neurocranium of the skull (TA A02.1.01–07, GA 2.129–155)
|
|
| Occipital |
| Squama |
- external
- Inion/External occipital protuberance
- External occipital crest
- Nuchal lines
- planes
- internal
- Cruciform eminence
- Internal occipital protuberance
- Sagittal sulcus
- Internal occipital crest
- Groove for transverse sinus
|
|
| Lateral parts |
- Condyle
- Condyloid fossa
- Condylar canal
- Hypoglossal canal
- jugular
- Jugular process
- Jugular tubercle
|
|
| Basilar part |
- Pharyngeal tubercle
- Clivus
|
|
| Other |
|
|
|
| Parietal |
- Parietal eminence
- Temporal line
- Parietal foramen
- Sagittal sulcus
|
|
| Frontal |
| Squama |
- Frontal suture
- Frontal eminence
- external
- Superciliary arches
- Glabella
- foramina
- Zygomatic process
- internal
- Sagittal sulcus
- Frontal crest
|
|
| Orbital part |
- Ethmoidal notch
- Fossa for lacrimal gland
- Trochlear fovea
- Frontal sinus
- Frontonasal duct
|
|
|
| Temporal |
| Squama |
- Articular tubercle
- Suprameatal triangle
- Mandibular fossa
- Petrotympanic fissure
- Zygomatic process
|
|
| Mastoid part |
- Mastoid foramen
- Mastoid process (Mastoid cells)
- Mastoid notch
- Occipital groove
- Sigmoid sulcus
- Mastoid antrum (Aditus)
|
|
| Petrous part |
- Carotid canal
- Facial canal (Hiatus)
- Internal auditory meatus
- Cochlear aqueduct
- Stylomastoid foramen
- fossae
- Subarcuate fossa
- Jugular fossa
- canaliculi
- Inferior tympanic
- Mastoid
- Styloid process
- Petrosquamous suture
- (note: ossicles in petrous part, but not part of temporal bone)
|
|
| Tympanic part |
|
|
|
| Sphenoid |
| Surfaces |
- Superior surface: Sella turcica
- Dorsum sellae
- Tuberculum sellae
- Hypophysial fossa
- Posterior clinoid processes
- Ethmoidal spine
- Chiasmatic groove
- Middle clinoid process
- Petrosal process
- Clivus
- Lateral surface: Carotid groove
- Sphenoidal lingula
- Anterior surface: Sphenoidal sinuses
|
|
| Great wings |
- foramina
- Rotundum
- Ovale
- Vesalii
- Spinosum
- Spine
- Infratemporal crest
- Sulcus for auditory tube
|
|
| Small wings |
- Superior orbital fissure
- Anterior clinoid process
- Optic canal
|
|
Pterygoid
processes |
- fossae
- pterygoid plates
- Pterygoid canal
- Hamulus
|
|
| Other |
|
|
|
| Ethmoid |
| Plates |
- Cribriform plate
- Crista galli
- Olfactory foramina
- Perpendicular plate
|
|
| Surfaces |
- Lateral surface Orbital lamina
- Uncinate process
- Medial surface Superior nasal concha
- Superior meatus
- Middle nasal concha
- Middle meatus
|
|
| Labyrinth |
- Ethmoid sinus
- ethmoidal foramina
|
|
|
|
|
anat (c/f/k/f, u, t/p, l)/phys/devp/cell
|
noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bones of head and neck: Foramina of the skull (and canals, fissures, meati, and hiati) (TA A02.1.00.053–097, GA 2.178–199)
|
|
| Anterior cranial fossa |
to Orbit: ethmoidal foramina (anterior, posterior)
to Nasal cavity: olfactory foramina (CN-I) · foramen cecum
|
|
| Middle cranial fossa |
to Orbit: optic canal (CN-II) · superior orbital fissure (CN-III,IV,V1,VI)
to Pterygopalatine fossa: foramen rotundum (CN-V2) · pterygoid canal
to Infratemporal fossa: foramen ovale (CN-V3) · foramen spinosum/carotid canal
other: foramen lacerum · hiatus for greater petrosal nerve · hiatus for lesser petrosal nerve · sphenoidal emissary foramen
|
|
| Posterior cranial fossa |
internal auditory meatus/facial canal/stylomastoid foramen (CN-VII,VIII) · jugular foramen (CN-IX,X,XI) · foramen magnum (CN-XI) · hypoglossal canal (CN-XII) · condylar canal · mastoid foramen
|
|
| Orbit |
to Nasal cavity: nasolacrimal canal
to Face: supraorbital (notch, foramen) · infraorbital (foramen, groove) · zygomatic foramen (-facial, -temporal)
to Pterygopalatine fossa: inferior orbital fissure
other: Inferior orbital fissure · Fossa for lacrimal sac
|
|
| Pterygopalatine fossa |
to Nasal cavity: sphenopalatine foramen
to Oral cavity: greater palatine canal/greater palatine foramen · lesser palatine canals/lesser palatine foramina
to Infratemporal fossa: pterygomaxillary fissure
to Nasopharynx: palatovaginal canal
|
|
to Oral cavity: incisive canals · incisive foramen
to Nasal cavity: Foramen vomerinum · Meatus vomerinus · Fissura vomerina · Hiatus vomerinus
|
|
| Other |
external acoustic meatus · mandibular foramen · mental foramen · parietal foramen · petrotympanic fissure · semilunar hiatus
|
|
|
|
anat (c/f/k/f, u, t/p, l)/phys/devp/cell
|
noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
|
|
|
|
|
UpToDate Contents
全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.
English Journal
- Efficacy and feasibility of frontozygomatic angle approach for extra oral maxillary nerve block in oral surgery: a descriptive clinical trial.
- Radder K, Shah A, Fatima S, Kothari C, Zakaullah S, Siddiqua A.
- Journal of maxillofacial and oral surgery.J Maxillofac Oral Surg.2014 Sep;13(3):231-7. doi: 10.1007/s12663-013-0514-7. Epub 2013 Apr 21.
- BACKGROUND: Pain control is an integral part of minor oral surgery and maxillary/mandibular nerve blocks have proved promising in achieving the same. Although intra oral techniques of maxillary nerve block are common and are widely used, there are certain inherent disadvantages and potential complic
- PMID 25018593
- Endoscopic endonasal approach to the maxillary strut: Anatomical review and case series.
- Grewal SS1, Kurbanov A, Anaizi A, Keller JT, Theodosopoulos PV, Zimmer LA.
- The Laryngoscope.Laryngoscope.2014 Aug;124(8):1739-43. doi: 10.1002/lary.24528. Epub 2014 Jan 3.
- OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: The maxillary strut is the bone that separates the foramen rotundum and superior orbital fissure. Tumors involving the lateral wall of the sphenoid sinus, posterior ethmoid, or posterior maxillary sinus may invade this region. The authors detail the anatomy of the strut and pr
- PMID 24254915
- Clinical anatomy of the maxillary nerve block in pediatric patients.
- Prigge L1, van Schoor AN, Bosman MC, Bosenberg AT.
- Paediatric anaesthesia.Paediatr Anaesth.2014 Jul 12. doi: 10.1111/pan.12480. [Epub ahead of print]
- BACKGROUND: Anatomical landmarks in children are mostly extrapolated from studies in adults. Despite this, complex regional anesthetic procedures are frequently performed on pediatric patients. Sophisticated imaging techniques are available but the exact position, course and/or relationships of the
- PMID 25040918
Japanese Journal
- 2) 日本人の睡眠時無呼吸症候群 (〈シンポジウム〉睡眠時無呼吸症候群)
- 佐藤 誠
- 新潟医学会雑誌 116(2), 61-64, 2002-02
- "睡眠時無呼吸症候群"は, 高度な肥満者に多い疾患と認識され, 欧米人に比して極端な肥満が少ない日本人では, 有病率は低いと考えられていたが, わが国でも, 成人男性の3-4%以上と推定される有病率の高い疾患であることが明らかになってきた。これは, 日本人を含むアジア人が, 人種的に欧米人に比べて, 睡眠時無呼吸を生じ易い頭蓋骨格であることが原因であると考えられる。また, 食生活が近代化したことに …
- NAID 110004462285
- 側頭下窩に再発したエナメル上皮腫に対して側頭開頭による中頭蓋底手術を行った1例
- 太田 嘉英,青木 隆幸,飯田 政弘,宮坂 宗男,下田 雅美,槻木 恵一
- 日本口腔外科学会雑誌 46(12), 781-783, 2000-12-20
- … The medial surgical margins of the skull base were delineatedbetween the foramen rotundum and ovale. …
- NAID 10006382932
- 古川 仭
- 耳鼻咽喉科臨床 86(3), 305-310, 1993
- … The maxillary and mandibular branches of the trigeminal complex (V2 and V3) are the most commonly involved cranial nerves and indicate extension of the tumor through the foramen rotundum and foramen ovale. … Lateral extension or spread into the pterygomaxillary fossa and the infratemporal fossa can easily affect the lower cranial nerves (IX, X, XI, XII), indicating that the tumor has progressed into the area of the jugular foramen. …
- NAID 130001812596
Related Links
- Foramen rotundum of Sphenoid Sphenoid bone. Upper surface. (Foramen rotundum labeled at center left) Base of the skull. Upper surface. Sphenoid is yellow, and arrows indicate the foramen rotundum.) Latin foramen rotundum ossis ...
- The mass extended along the path of the maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve into the middle cranial fossa through the left foramen rotundum (figure 2), which was enlarged and had increased in size since 3 weeks earlier.
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- foramen rotundum ()
- ラ
- foramen rotundum
- 関
- 三叉神経、棘孔、卵円孔
[★]
正円孔
- 関
- foramen rotundum
[★]
孔
- 関
- foramina、hole、vent