関: foramen、hole、vent

WordNet

give expression or utterance to; "She vented her anger"; "The graduates gave vent to cheers" (同)ventilate, give vent
a hole for the escape of gas or air (同)venthole, vent-hole, blowhole
a slit in a garment (as in the back seam of a jacket)
external opening of urinary or genital system of a lower vertebrate
a fissure in the earths crust (or in the surface of some other planet) through which molten lava and gases erupt (同)volcano
expose to cool or cold air so as to cool or freshen; "air the old winter clothes"; "air out the smoke-filled rooms" (同)ventilate, air_out, air
make holes in
a fault; "he shot holes in my argument"
an unoccupied space
one playing period (from tee to green) on a golf course; "he played 18 holes" (同)golf hole
an opening deliberately made in or through something
a depression hollowed out of solid matter (同)hollow
an opening into or through something
hit the ball into the hole (同)hole out
a natural opening or perforation through a bone or a membranous structure (同)hiatus

PrepTutorEJDIC

(気体・液体の出入する)『抜け口』,漏れ口,通風(気)孔 / (鳥・魚などの)肛門 / 《単数形で》(感情の)はけ口 / …‘に'出口(はけ口)を与える / (…に向けて)〈感情など〉‘を'あらわにする,漏らす《+名+on+名》
(上着の背やわきの)裂け目,スリット
(壁などにあいた)『穴』,割れ目;(衣類などの)破れ穴,裂け目;(道路などにできた)くぼみ,へこみ / (動物の住む)巣穴 / 《話》あばら家 / (議論・計画などの)欠点(fault) / 《話》窮地,苦境 / ホール(ゴルフで球を打ち込む穴);(球をホールに入れた)得点 / 〈物〉‘に'穴をあける(掘る) / (ゴルフで)〈球〉‘を'打ってホールに入れる(ゴルフで)球を打ってホールに入れる《+『out』》
(骨・植物などの)孔(こう),開口

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/05/24 18:22:10」(JST)

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1. 頸部神経根障害の臨床的特徴および診断 clinical features and diagnosis of cervical radiculopathy
2. 腰仙部神経根障害：病態生理、臨床的特徴、および診断 lumbosacral radiculopathy pathophysiology clinical features and diagnosis
3. 軟髄膜転移（癌性髄膜炎）の病態、臨床的特徴、および診断 pathophysiology clinical features and diagnosis of leptomeningeal metastases carcinomatous meningitis
4. 鈍的脳血管損傷：機序、検査、および診断的評価 blunt cerebrovascular injury mechanisms screening and diagnostic evaluation
5. バーナー（刺す痛み）：スポーツ選手の急性腕神経叢損傷 burners stingers acute brachial plexus injury in the athlete

English Journal

Spinal stenosis.

Melancia JL1, Francisco AF1, Antunes JL2.Author information 1Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital de Santa Maria, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.2Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital de Santa Maria, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. Electronic address: jlobo.antunes@mail.telepac.pt.AbstractNarrowing of the spinal canal or foramina is a common finding in spine imaging of the elderly. Only when symptoms of neurogenic claudication and/or cervical myelopathy are present is a spinal stenosis diagnosis made, either of the lumbar spine, cervical spine or both (only very rarely is the thoracic spine involved). Epidemiological data suggest an incidence of 1 case per 100 000 for cervical spine stenosis and 5 cases per 100 000 for lumbar spine stenosis. Cervical myelopathy in patients over 50 years of age is most commonly due to cervical spine stenosis. Symptomatic spinal narrowing can be congenital, or, more frequently, acquired. The latter may be the result of systemic illneses, namely endocrinopathies (such as Cushing disease or acromegaly), calcium metabolism disorders (including hyporarthyroidism and Paget disease), inflammatory diseases (such as rheumathoid arthritis) and infectious diseases. Physical examination is more often abnormal in cervical spondylotic myeloptahy whereas in lumbar spinal stenosis it is typically normal. Therefore spinal stenosis diagnosis relies on the clinical picture corresponding to conspicuous causative changes identified by imaging techniques, most importantly CT and MRI. Other ancillary diagnostic tests are more likely to be yielding for establishing a differential diagnosis, namely vascular claudication. Most patients have a progressive presentation and are offered non operative management as first treatment strategy. Surgery is indicated for progressive intolerable symptoms or, more rarely, for the neurologically catastrophic initial presentations. Surgical strategy consists mainly of decompression (depending on the anatomical level and type of narrowing: laminectomy, foraminotomy, discectomy, corporectomy) with additional instrumentation should spinal stability and sagittal balance be at risk. For cervical spine stenosis the main objective of surgery is to halt disease progression. There is class 1b evidence that surgery is of benefit for lumbar stenosis at least in the short term.
Handbook of clinical neurology.Handb Clin Neurol.2014;119:541-9. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-7020-4086-3.00035-7.
Narrowing of the spinal canal or foramina is a common finding in spine imaging of the elderly. Only when symptoms of neurogenic claudication and/or cervical myelopathy are present is a spinal stenosis diagnosis made, either of the lumbar spine, cervical spine or both (only very rarely is the thoraci
PMID 24365318

Not all electronic foramen locators are accurate in teeth with enlarged apical foramina: an in vitro comparison of 5 brands.

Akisue E1, Gratieri SD2, Barletta FB3, Caldeira CL4, Grazziotin-Soares R5, Gavini G6.Author information 1Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Santa Cecilia, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil.2Private practice, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil.3Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.4Department of Cosmetic Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.5Graduate Program in Dentistry, ULBRA, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Electronic address: regrazziotin@gmail.com.6Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Santa Cecilia, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Cosmetic Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.AbstractINTRODUCTION: Electronic working length measurement during root canal treatment in teeth with enlarged apical foramina is a challenge. The aims of this in vitro study were (1) to assess the influence of foramen widening on the accuracy of 5 different electronic foramen locators (EFLs) and (2) to compare the accuracy of EFLs in different foramen sizes.
Journal of endodontics.J Endod.2014 Jan;40(1):109-12. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.09.032. Epub 2013 Oct 25.
INTRODUCTION: Electronic working length measurement during root canal treatment in teeth with enlarged apical foramina is a challenge. The aims of this in vitro study were (1) to assess the influence of foramen widening on the accuracy of 5 different electronic foramen locators (EFLs) and (2) to co
PMID 24332000

Composition of the blood supply in the sublingual and submandibular spaces and its relationship to the lateral lingual foramen of the mandible.

Nakajima K1, Tagaya A2, Otonari-Yamamoto M3, Seki K4, Araki K4, Sano T5, Okano T6, Nakamura M7.Author information 1Associate Professor, Department of Oral Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: kohnaka@dent.showa-u.ac.jp.2Lecturer, Department of Radiology, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.3Senior Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan.4Associate Professor, Department of Radiology, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.5Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan.6Professor, Department of Radiology, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.7Professor, Oral Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.AbstractOBJECTIVE: The purpose of this research was to contribute to minimizing arterial disruption during mandibular surgical procedures by clarifying the course of the arteries supplying the sublingual and submental regions.
Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology.Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol.2014 Jan;117(1):e32-8. doi: 10.1016/j.oooo.2012.03.032. Epub 2012 Aug 30.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this research was to contribute to minimizing arterial disruption during mandibular surgical procedures by clarifying the course of the arteries supplying the sublingual and submental regions.STUDY DESIGN: Heads of 75 human cadavers were dissected to identify the arterial s
PMID 22939324

Japanese Journal

下顎無歯顎患者における舌側孔とインプラント体埋入後の口底血腫症例の臨床的検討

渡邉悟朗,上野大輔,磯田幸盛,三宅一永,伊東義雅,渡邉憲一郎,加藤道夫,佐藤淳一
日本口腔インプラント学会誌 = Journal of Japanese Society of Oral Implantology 24(3), 389-395, 2011-09-30
NAID 10029831303

削開可能な頭蓋底骨モデルを用いた頭蓋底外科手術練習用モデルの作製方法

森健太郎
脳神経外科ジャーナル 20(7), 524-530, 2011-07-20
頭蓋底外科練習用モデルの作製方法について報告した.削開可能な市販の頭蓋骨モデルを基に,海綿静脈洞の内外壁をシリコーン製の硬膜2層構造で再現するとともに,人工脳神経や人工内頚動脈を再現した.Periosteal bridgeを人工骨膜で再現したり,動眼神経を前床突起の外下方に留置するなど,頭蓋底外科に重要な構造物の再現に留意した.電線を用いて椎骨脳底動脈を再現し,シリコーン製の小脳テントを再現した. …
NAID 110008673602