WordNet

undergo a test; "She doesnt test well"
any standardized procedure for measuring sensitivity or memory or intelligence or aptitude or personality etc; "the test was standardized on a large sample of students" (同)mental test, mental testing, psychometric test
the act of undergoing testing; "he survived the great test of battle"; "candidates must compete in a trial of skill" (同)trial
the act of testing something; "in the experimental trials the amount of carbon was measured separately"; "he called each flip of the coin a new trial" (同)trial, run
a hard outer covering as of some amoebas and sea urchins
put to the test, as for its quality, or give experimental use to; "This approach has been tried with good results"; "Test this recipe" (同)prove, try, try out, examine, essay
achieve a certain score or rating on a test; "She tested high on the LSAT and was admitted to all the good law schools"
determine the presence or properties of (a substance)
show a certain characteristic when tested; "He tested positive for HIV"
an examination of the characteristics of something; "there are laboratories for commercial testing"; "it involved testing thousands of children for smallpox"
the act of subjecting to experimental test in order to determine how well something works; "they agreed to end the testing of atomic weapons"
tested and proved useful or correct; "a tested method" (同)tried, well-tried
tested and proved to be reliable (同)time-tested, tried, tried and true

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(人の能力などの)『試験』,考査,テスト / (物事の)『試験』,検済,試錬,実験《+of+名》 / 化学分析;試薬 / =test match / …‘を'『試験する』,検査する / …‘を'化学分析する / (…の)試験を受ける,試験をする《+for+名》
testis の複数形

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/07/19 20:15:33」(JST)

wiki en

Edrophonium is a readily reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. It prevents breakdown of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and acts by competitively inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, mainly at the neuromuscular junction. It is sold under the trade names Tensilon and Enlon (according to FDA Orange Book).

Clinical uses

Edrophonium (by the so-called Tensilon test) is used to differentiate myasthenia gravis from cholinergic crisis and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. In myasthenia gravis, the body produces autoantibodies which block, inhibit or destroy nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the neuromuscular junction. Edrophonium—an effective acetylcholinesterase inhibitor—will reduce the muscle weakness by blocking the enzymatic effect of acetylcholinesterase enzymes, prolonging the presence of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft. It binds to a Serine-103 allosteric site, while pyridostigmine and neostigmine bind to the AchE active site for their inhibitory effects. In a cholinergic crisis, where a person has too much neuromuscular stimulation, edrophonium will make the muscle weakness worse by inducing a depolarizing block.

Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS), is similar to myasthenia gravis in that it is an autoimmune disease. However, in LEMS the neuron is unable to release enough acetylcholine for normal muscle function due to autoantibodies attacking P/Q-type calcium channel that are necessary for acetylcholine release. This means there is insufficient calcium ion influx into presynaptic terminal resulting in reduced exocytosis of acetylcholine containing vesicles. Consequently, there will typically be not as much increase in muscle strength observed after edrophonium injection, if any with LEMS.

The drug may also be used for postoperative decurarization.^[1]

Chemistry

Edrophonium, ethyl-(3-hydroxyphenyl)dimethylammonium chloride, is made by reacting 3-dimethylaminophenol with ethyl bromide, which forms ethyl(3-hydroxyphenyl)dimethylammonium bromide, the bromine atom of which is replaced with a chlorine atom by reacting it with silver chloride, giving edrophonium.

J.A. Aeschlimann, A. Stempel, U.S. Patent 2,647,924 (1953).

Pharmacokinetics

The drug has a brief duration of action, about 10–30 mins.^[1]

Sources

Brenner, G. M. (2000). Pharmacology. Philadelphia, PA: W. B. Saunders Company. ISBN 0-7216-7757-6
Canadian Pharmacists Association (2000). Compendium of Pharmaceuticals and Specialties (25th ed.). Toronto, ON: Webcom. ISBN 0-919115-76-4

Reference

^ ^a ^b KD Tripati MD. Essentials of Medical Pharmacology (fifth ed.). Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers(P) Ltd. p. 84. ISBN 81-8061-187-6.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 重症筋無力症の診断 diagnosis of myasthenia gravis
2. 眼筋型重症筋無力症 ocular myasthenia gravis
3. 重症筋無力症の治療 treatment of myasthenia gravis
4. 重症筋無力症の鑑別診断 differential diagnosis of myasthenia gravis
5. 重症筋無力症の臨床症状 clinical manifestations of myasthenia gravis

English Journal

Ocular myasthenia gravis in an academic neuro-ophthalmology clinic: clinical features and therapeutic response.

Mittal MK, Barohn RJ, Pasnoor M, McVey A, Herbelin L, Whittaker T, Dimachkie M.SourceFrom the Departments of *Neurology and †Ophthalmology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS.
Journal of clinical neuromuscular disease.J Clin Neuromuscul Dis.2011 Sep;13(1):46-52.
OBJECTIVE: : The frequency of ocular myasthenia gravis (OMG) in patients referred to an academic neuro-ophthalmology clinic for suspected myasthenia gravis is not known. Our objective was to determine the frequency of ocular OMG in patients referred to an academic neuro-ophthalmologist and determine
PMID 22361625

Bedside testing for myasthenia gravis: the ice-test.

Browning J, Wallace M, Chana J, Booth J.Sourcemwallace@doctors.org.uk.
Emergency medicine journal : EMJ.Emerg Med J.2011 Aug;28(8):709-11.
A 67-year-old man presented to the acute medical take with a history of droopy eyelids and difficulty swallowing. A diagnosis of myasthenia gravis was suspected from the clinical history. The patient's symptoms were progressive, raising concerns of aspiration pneumonia or respiratory compromise if u
PMID 21788239

Japanese Journal

関節リウマチとサルコイドーシスに重症筋無力症が合併した1例

澤田潤,浅野目明日香,遠藤寿子,齋藤司,片山隆行,長谷部直幸
臨床神経学 53(5), 351-355, 2013
症例は72歳女性である．65歳時に関節リウマチと診断された．67歳時に腹部や鼠径部のリンパ節腫大が出現し，リンパ節生検によりサルコイドーシスと診断された．69歳時より関節リウマチに対してエタネルセプトの投与が開始された．72歳時に両側眼瞼下垂が出現し受診．神経学的に左側優位に眼瞼下垂をみとめ，夕方に増強をみとめた．テンシロン試験は陽性で抗アセチルコリンレセプター抗体も陽性であったことから，重症筋無 …
NAID 130004505508

良好な経過中に副腎皮質ステロイドをわずかに減量後,嚥下障害の増悪を呈した重症筋無力症の1例

谷口洋,露無松里
嚥下医学 : 日本嚥下医学会学会誌 = Deglutition : the official journal of the Society of Swallowing and Dysphagia of Japan 1(2), 349-352, 2012
NAID 40019505613

Pseudo-Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia as a Sign of Overlapping Myasthenia Gravis in a Patient with 'Intractable' Hypothyroidism

Yamazaki Yuu,Sugiura Tomohito,Kurokawa Katsumi
Internal Medicine 49(1), 69-72, 2010
… Intravenous edrophonium almost completely abolished the nystagmus and adducting muscle weakness, and improved the strength of proximal muscles groups. … The clinical response to the administration of edrophonium, the presence of AChR binding antibodes and the repetitive nerve stimulation test findings indicated that the patient had pseudo-internuclear ophthalmoplegia as a manifestation of generalized myasthenia gravis. …
NAID 130000142262

「テンシロンテスト」

Edrophonium
Systematic (IUPAC) name
	N-Ethyl-3-hydroxy-N,N-dimethylbenzenaminium
Clinical data
Trade names	Tensilon
AHFS/Drugs.com	FDA Professional Drug Information
Identifiers
CAS Registry Number	116-38-1
ATC code	None
PubChem	CID: 8307
DrugBank	DB01010
ChemSpider	8006
UNII	QO611KSM5P
KEGG	D00994
ChEBI	CHEBI:4759
ChEMBL	CHEMBL1128
Chemical data
Formula	C10H16NO+
Molecular mass	166.24 g/mol
	SMILES [Cl-].Oc1cccc(c1)[N+](C)(CC)C ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C10H15NO.ClH/c1-4-11(2,3)9-6-5-7-10(12)8-9;/h5-8H,4H2,1-3H3;1H ; Key:BXKDSDJJOVIHMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
(what is this?) (verify)

　　[★]

英: tensilon test
同: エドロホニウム試験 edrophonium test、アンチレックス試験 antilex test
関

[show details]

テンシロン試験 : 約 940 件
テンシロンテスト : 約 1,620 件
エドロホニウム試験 : 16 件
エドロホニウムテスト : 13 件
アンチレックス試験 : 4 件
アンチレックステスト : 7 件

臨床での利用

重症筋無力症を診断するための検査
重症筋無力症であれば、エドロフォニウムの静注により筋力が増す (SPC.158)

「testing」

　　[★]

n.

試験

関: assessment、data quality、exam、examination、examine、experimental design、matched group、measurement、research design、scoring method、test、trial

「test」

　　[★] テスト　　　　　　　　　　

[trip-1] KD Tripati MD. Essentials of Medical Pharmacology (fifth ed.). Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers(P) Ltd. p. 84. ISBN 81-8061-187-6.

リンク元	「テンシロンテスト」
関連記事	「testing」「test」

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案内

edrophonium test