WordNet

strike or drive against with a heavy impact; "ram the gate with a sledgehammer"; "pound on the door" (同)ram down, pound
uncastrated adult male sheep; "a British term is `tup" (同)tup
a tool for driving or forcing something by impact
belonging to or on or near the back or upper surface of an animal or organ or part; "the dorsal fin is the vertical fin on the back of a fish and certain marine mammals"
the posterior part of the mandible that is more or less vertical

PrepTutorEJDIC

(去勢しない)雄羊 / 破城づち(先に鉄のつめのついたさおで,戸・城壁などを破るのに用いた) / くい打ち機 / (…に)…‘を'激しく打ちつける(打ち込む)《+『名』+『against』(『into』)+『名』》 / …‘に'激突する / (…に)…‘を'詰め込む,押し込む《+『名』+『into』(in, down』)+『名』》 / (…に)激突する《+『against』(『into』)+『名』》
(植物の)背部の,背の

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/12/03 11:11:56」(JST)

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The posterior ramus of spinal nerve (or posterior primary division) refers to the posterior division of a spinal nerve. The ramus is also known by a number of other names, "posterior (or dorsal) rami (or branches or divisions) of the spinal nerves". The posterior ramus is one of two major branches of a spinal nerve that emerge after the nerve emerges from the intervertebral foramen. The posterior ramus carries information that supplies muscles and sensation to the human back.

Structure

Shortly after a spinal nerve exits the intervertebral foramen, it branches into the posterior ramus, anterior ramus, and rami communicantes. Each of these carries both sensory and motor information. After it is formed, the posterior ramus (plural: rami) of each spinal nerve travels backward, except for the first cervical, the fourth and fifth sacral, and the coccygeal.

Posterior rami divide into medial and lateral branches which supply muscles and skin of the back. The medial branch (Latin: rami medialis) also supplies articular branches to the zygopophyseal joints and the periosteum of the vertebral arch. In the neck and upper back, the medial branch continues through the deep and superficial back muscles to supply overlying skin; in the lower back, the lateral branch does this.

Nomina Anatomica lists dorsal primary rami as "rami dorsales" for each group of spinal nerves: 1) cervical (nervorum cervicalium ), 2) thoracic (nervorum thoracicorum ), 3) lumbar (nervorum lumbalium ), 4) sacral (nervorum sacralium ), and 5) coccygeal (nervi coccygei ).^[1]

Function

Because each spinal nerve carries both sensory and motor information, spinal nerves are referred to as “mixed nerves." Posterior rami carry visceral motor, somatic motor, and sensory information to and from the skin and deep muscles of the back. The posterior rami remain distinct from each other, and each innervates a narrow strip of skin and muscle along the back, more or less at the level from which the ramus leaves the spinal nerve.

References

^ http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?dorsal+primary+ramus+of+spinal+nerve

Additional images

The formation of the spinal nerve from the dorsal and ventral roots.

External links

terminologyanatplanes at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (typicalspinalnerve)

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

Primary afferent neurons containing calcitonin gene-related peptide but not substance P in forepaw skin, dorsal root ganglia, and spinal cord of mice.

Kestell GR1, Anderson RL1, Clarke JN1, Haberberger RV1, Gibbins IL1.
The Journal of comparative neurology.J Comp Neurol.2015 Dec 1;523(17):2555-69. doi: 10.1002/cne.23804. Epub 2015 Jun 11.
In mice dorsal root ganglia (DRG), some neurons express calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) without substance P (SP; CGRP(+) SP(-) ). The projections and functions of these neurons are unknown. Therefore, we combined in vitro axonal tracing with multiple-labeling immunohistochemistry to neurochem
PMID 26010480

Ultrasound-Guided Approach for L5 Dorsal Ramus Block and Fluoroscopic Evaluation in Unpreselected Cadavers.

Greher M1, Moriggl B, Peng PW, Minella CE, Zacchino M, Eichenberger U.
Regional anesthesia and pain medicine.Reg Anesth Pain Med.2015 Sep 25. [Epub ahead of print]
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Medial branch blocks are frequently performed to diagnose lumbar facet-joint-mediated pain. Ultrasound guidance can increase practicability and eliminate exposure to ionizing radiation when compared with fluoroscopy. However, ultrasound-guided L5 dorsal ramus block, which,
PMID 26414871

Virtual mapping of 260 three-dimensional hemipelvises to analyse gender-specific differences in minimally invasive retrograde lag screw placement in the posterior acetabular column using the anterior pelvic and midsagittal plane as reference.

Ochs BG1, Stuby FM2, Stoeckle U3, Gonser CE4.
BMC musculoskeletal disorders.BMC Musculoskelet Disord.2015 Sep 4;16:240. doi: 10.1186/s12891-015-0697-9.
BACKGROUND: Due to complex pelvic geometry, percutaneous screw placement in the posterior acetabular column can pose a major challenge even for experienced surgeons.METHODS: The present study examined the preformed bone stock of the posterior acetabular column in 260 hemipelvises. Retrograde posteri
PMID 26341003

Japanese Journal

アカテタマリン胸･腰神経後枝内側枝の観察

霊長類研究　Supplement 32(0), 67-67, 2016
NAID 130005418836

腰椎椎間関節障害

日本関節病学会誌 30(2), 125-130, 2011
NAID 130004567950

沖縄県と鹿児島県で採集された日本初記録のトウゴロウイワシ科魚類ミナミギンイソイワシ（新称）Hypoatherina temminckii

魚類学雑誌 58(1), 87-91, 2011
NAID 130003397805

「後枝」

Dorsal ramus of spinal nerve
	Diagram of the course and branches of a typical intercostal nerve. (Posterior division labeled at upper left.)
	Areas of distribution of the cutaneous branches of the posterior divisions of the spinal nerves. The areas of the medial branches are in black, those of the lateral in red.
Details
Latin	ramus posterior nervi spinalis
Identifiers
Gray's	p.921
Dorlands; /Elsevier	r_02/12691733
TA	A14.2.00.035
FMA	5983
	Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy