central nucleus of the amygdala

扁桃体中心核

関

CeA

WordNet

1. a special situation; "this thing has got to end"; "it is a remarkable thing"
2. a separate and self-contained entity
3. an action; "how could you do such a thing?"
4. an artifact; "how does this thing work?"
5. an entity that is not named specifically; "I couldnt tell what the thing was"
6. any attribute or quality considered as having its own existence; "the thing I like about her is ..."
7. a persistent illogical feeling of desire or aversion; "he has a thing about seafood"; "she has a thing about him"
8. a special abstraction; "a thing of the spirit"; "things of the heart"
9. a special objective; "the thing is to stay in bounds"
10. a statement regarded as an object; "to say the same thing in other terms"; "how can you say such a thing?"
11. an event; "a funny thing happened on the way to the..."
12. in or near a center or constituting a center; the inner area; "a central position"
13. a workplace that serves as a telecommunications facility where lines from telephones can be connected together to permit communication (同)telephone exchange, exchange
14. a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction (同)cell_nucleus, karyon
15. (astronomy) the center of the head of a comet; consists of small solid particles of ice and frozen gas that vaporizes on approaching the sun to form the coma and tail
16. any histologically identifiable mass of neural cell bodies in the brain or spinal cord
17. the positively charged dense center of an atom

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 〈C〉(形のある)『物』,物体;(生物に対しての)『無生物』 / 〈C〉(形のない)『もの』,事,事柄,でき事 / 《複数形で》事情,事態,状勢,状況 / 《複数形で》(すべての)事物,事柄 / 《通例 the~》(努力・活動などの)目的,目標 / 〈C〉衣服,衣類・《one's things》持ち物,所持品,身の回り品 / 《複数形で》道具,用具・〈C〉《親愛・哀れみ・軽べつなどの感情をこめて》人,者,やつ / 《the~》《話》(…の)流行《+in+名》
2. 《所有・所属》…『の』,…のものである,…に属する・《材料・要素》…『でできた』,から成る・《部分》…『の』[『中の』] ・《数量・単位・種類を表す名詞に付いて》…の・《原因・動機》…『で』,のために(because of) ・《主格関係》…『の』,による,によって・《目的格関係》…『を』,の・《同格関係》…『という』・《関係・関連》…『についての』[『の』],の点で・《抽象名詞などと共に》…の[性質をもつ] ・《『It is』+『形』+『of』+『名』+『to』 doの形で,ofの後の名詞を意味上の主語として》・《分離》…『から』・《起原・出所》…『から』[『の』](out of) ・《『名』+『of』+『a』(『an』)+『名』の形で》…のような・《『名』+『of』+『mine』(『yours, his』など独立所有格)の形で》…の…・《時》(1)《副詞句を作って》…に《形容詞句を作って》…の・《時刻》《米》…前(to,《米》before)
3. 《前述の名詞または文脈でそれと分かる名詞に付けて》『その』,あの,名の / 《唯一の事物に付けて》 / 《方角・自然現象に付けて》 / 《用具・楽器・特定の病気などに付けて》 / 《修飾吾[句]を伴う名詞に付けて》 / 《単数普通名詞に付けて》(1)《種族全体》…『というもの』 / 《複数名詞または集合名詞に付けて》 / 《単位》『…につき;…単位[で]』 / 《身体の一部に付けて,所有格に代わる》 / 《形容詞に付けて》 / 《固有名詞に付けて》 / 《強意用法に》『随一の』,典型的な / 《「the+比較級,the+比較級」の形で》『…すればするほどそれだけ』 / 《比較級の前に》(…につれて,のために)『それだけ』,ますます
4. 『中心の』,中央の,中心からの / 『主要な』,中心的な(main) / (音声が)中舌音の / 電話交換局(《英》[telephone]exchange)
5. 中心,核 / (生物の)細胞核 / 原子核

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/11/16 23:29:56」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

The central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA or aCeN) is a nucleus within the amygdala. It "serves as the major output nucleus of the amygdala and participates in receiving and processing pain information."

CeA "connects with brainstem areas that control the expression of innate behaviors and associated physiological responses." CeA has dopaminergic projections.

CeA is responsible for "autonomic components of emotions (e.g., changes in heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration) primarily through output pathways to the lateral hypothalamus and brain stem.". CeA is also responsible for "conscious perception of emotion primarily through the ventral amygdalofugal output pathway to the anterior cingulate cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and prefrontal cortex."

Amygdala subdividisions and outputs

The regions described as amygdala nuclei encompass several structures with distinct connectional and functional characteristics in humans and other animals. Among these nuclei are the basolateral complex, the cortical nucleus, the medial nucleus, and the central nucleus. The basolateral complex can be further subdivided into the lateral, the basal, and the accessory basal nuclei.

Coronal section of brain through intermediate mass of third ventricle. Amygdala is shown in purple.

The amygdalofugal pathway (Latin for "fleeing from the amygdala" and commonly distinguished as the ventral amygdalofugal pathway) is one of the three principal pathways by which fibers leave the amygdala. The other main efferent pathways from the amygdala are the stria terminalis and anterior commissure. The anterior commissure also serves to connect the two amygdala.^{[citation needed]}

The ventral amygdalofugal pathway carries output from the central and basolateral nuclei and delivers it a number of targets; namely, the medial dorsal nucleus of the thalamus, the hypothalamus, the basal forebrain, the brain stem, septal nuclei and nucleus accumbens.^{[citation needed]}

Research

• "psychological stressor induced an increase in both CRH mRNA levels and CRH content in the CEA. Exposure to the psychological stressor also caused a significant increase in CRH mRNA levels with a trend for an increase in CRH content in the dorsolateral subdivision of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) which is anatomically associated with the CEA."
• "oxytocin in the CeA exerts a facilitatory role in the maintenance of hydroelectrolyte balance"
• "the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) and its connections with the nigral dopamine system have been reported to modulate cognitive processes dependent substantially on attentional allocation. CeA dopamine function is involved in modulation of disengagement behavior."
• "Opioid mechanisms are involved in the control of water and NaCl intake and opioid receptors (ORs) are present in the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA)" μ-opioid receptors "in the CeA increases hypertonic sodium intake, whereas antagonizing these sites inhibits hypertonic sodium intake. …μ-ORs in the CeA in a positive regulation of sodium intake."
• CeA "is essential for acquiring and expressing conditional fear after overtraining"
• "glucocorticoids can facilitate CRH mRNA expression in the CEA, a site implicated in anxiety and fear"

See also

• Fear conditioning
• Intercalated cells of the amygdala

References

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

• Prenatal stress programs neuroendocrine stress responses and affective behaviors in second generation rats in a sex-dependent manner.

• Grundwald NJ1, Brunton PJ2.
• Psychoneuroendocrinology.Psychoneuroendocrinology.2015 Dec;62:204-16. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.08.010. Epub 2015 Aug 17.
• An adverse environment in early life is often associated with dysregulation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and higher rates of mood disorders in adulthood. In rats, exposure to social stress during pregnancy results in hyperactive HPA axis responses to stress in the adult offspring
• PMID 26318631

• Moderate Peep After Tracheal Lipopolysaccharide Instillation Prevents Inflammation and Modifies the Pattern of Brain Neuronal Activation.

• Quilez ME1, Rodríguez-González R, Turon M, Fernandez-Gonzalo S, Villar J, Kacmarek RM, Gómez MN, Oliva JC, Blanch L, López-Aguilar J.
• Shock (Augusta, Ga.).Shock.2015 Dec;44(6):601-608.
• BACKGROUND: Ventilatory strategy and specifically positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) can modulate the inflammatory response and pulmonary-to-systemic translocation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Both inflammation and ventilatory pattern may modify brain activation, possibly worsening the patient'
• PMID 26398809

• Down, But Not Out: Partial Elimination of Androgen Receptors in the Male Mouse Brain Does Not Affect Androgenic Regulation of Anxiety or HPA Activity.

• Chen CV1, Brummet JL1, Jordan CL1, Breedlove SM1.
• Endocrinology.Endocrinology.2015 Nov 12:en20151417. [Epub ahead of print]
• We previously found that androgen receptor (AR) activity mediates two effects of T in adult male mice: reduction of anxiety-like behaviors and dampening of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal response to stress. To determine whether brain ARs mediate these effects, we used the Cre/loxP technology see
• PMID 26562258

Japanese Journal

• Enriched Expression of GluD1 in Higher Brain Regions and Its Involvement in Parallel Fiber-Interneuron Synapse Formation in the Cerebellum

• Konno Kohtarou,Matsuda Keiko,Nakamoto Chihiro,Uchigashima Motokazu,Miyazaki Taisuke,Yamasaki Miwako,Sakimura Kenji,Yuzaki Michisuke,Watanabe Masahiko
• Journal of
• … Of the two members of the delta subfamily of ionotropic glutamate receptors, GluD2 is exclusively expressed at parallel fiber-Purkinje cell (PF-PC) synapses in the cerebellum and regulates their structural and functional connectivity. … However, little is known to date regarding cellular and synaptic expression of GluD1 and its role in synaptic circuit formation. …
• NAID 120005537463

• 恐怖の古典的条件づけと扁桃体 : LeDouxモデルの再考と今後の展望

• 田積 徹
• 人間科学研究 34, 73-84, 2013-03-01
• … According to LeDoux's conceptual model of classical fear conditioning, the lateral nucleus of the amygdala (LA) is the input site of the auditory conditioned stimulus (CS) and somatosensory unconditioned stimulus (US). … In LA, alterations in synaptic transmissin encode the association. …
• NAID 110009602880

• 脳腸相関とストレス

• 福土 審
• ストレス科学研究 28(0), 16-19, 2013
• … Major pathophysiological feature of IBS is brain-gut interactions, which is typically manifested by visceral perception and altered stress response. … Visceral pain signal is originated from the primary afferent neuron whose cell body is located in the dorsal root ganglia. …
• NAID 130004726008

Related Links

• The central nucleus of the amygdala is essential for acquiring ...

The capacity of rats with BLA lesions to acquire fear memory may be mediated by the central nucleus of the amygdala (CEA). To examine this issue, we examined the influence of neurotoxic CEA lesions or reversible inactivation ...

• Amygdala - Scholarpedia

The amygdala has a wide range of connections with other brain regions, allowing it to participate in a wide variety of behavioral functions. Some of the major connections are shown above in Figure 3. Different nuclei of the amygdala ...

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「CeA」「扁桃体中心核」
関連記事	「central」「thing」

「CeA」

　　[★]

扁桃体中心核

関

central nucleus of the amygdala

「扁桃体中心核」

　　[★]

英

central nucleus of the amygdala、CeA

「central」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 中心の、中心的な、中心性の、中枢的な、中枢性の、中枢の、中枢神経性の

関

center、centrally、centrally acting、centre、centro、centrum、hub、medial、pivotal、pivotally

　 　 　

「thing」

　　[★]