トリス緩衝液、Tris緩衝液
- 関
- trometamol、tromethamine
WordNet
- add a buffer (a solution); "buffered saline solution for the eyes"
- (chemistry) an ionic compound that resists changes in its pH
- (computer science) a part of RAM used for temporary storage of data that is waiting to be sent to a device; used to compensate for differences in the rate of flow of data between components of a computer system (同)buffer storage, buffer store
- a cushion-like device that reduces shock due to an impact (同)fender
- a power tool used to buff surfaces (同)polisher
- of the yellowish-beige color of buff leather
- a soft thick undyed leather from the skins of e.g. buffalo or oxen
- an implement consisting of soft material mounted on a block; used for polishing (as in manicuring) (同)buffer
- bare skin; naked; "swimming in the buff"
- polish and make shiny; "buff the wooden floors"; "buff my shoes" (同)burnish, furbish
PrepTutorEJDIC
- (鉄道車両などの衝突の衝撃を弱める)緩衝器 / 間に立って争いや衝突の働撃を弱める人(物) / 物をみがく人(道具) / …'を'緩和する,和らげる / …'を'緩衝液で処理する
- ばかな老人 / やつ
- 〈U〉もみ皮(牛・水牛などから採った黄褐色の皮;レンズなどをみがくのに用いる) / 〈U〉黄褐色 / 〈U〉(物をみがくのに用いる皮を張った)とぎ革 / 〈U〉《話》《おもに英》素肌(すはだ) / 〈C〉《話》ファン,…狂(fan) / もみ皮製の / 黄褐色の / 〈金属〉'を'もみ皮でみがく
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/09/24 16:05:04」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
This article is about the chemical widely used as a biochemical buffer. For other uses, see Tris (disambiguation).
Tris
|
| Names |
Preferred IUPAC name
2-Amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol
|
| Other names
TRIS, Tris, Tris base, Tris buffer, Trizma, Trisamine, THAM, Tromethamine, Trometamol, Tromethane, Trisaminol
|
| Identifiers |
|
CAS Number
|
77-86-1 Y |
| ChEBI |
CHEBI:9754 Y |
| ChEMBL |
ChEMBL1200391 N |
| ChemSpider |
6257 Y |
|
IUPHAR/BPS
|
7328 |
| Jmol 3D model |
Interactive image |
| KEGG |
D00396 Y |
| PubChem |
6503 |
| RTECS number |
TY2900000 |
| UNII |
023C2WHX2V Y |
InChI
-
InChI=1S/C4H11NO3/c5-4(1-6,2-7)3-8/h6-8H,1-3,5H2 Y
Key: LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
-
InChI=1/C4H11NO3/c5-4(1-6,2-7)3-8/h6-8H,1-3,5H2
Key: LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYAN
|
|
|
| Properties |
|
Chemical formula
|
C4H11NO3 |
| Molar mass |
121.14 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance |
White crystalline powder |
| Density |
1.328g/cm3 |
| Melting point |
>175-176 °C (448-449 K) |
| Boiling point |
219 °C (426 °F; 492 K) |
|
Solubility in water
|
~50 g/100 mL (25 °C) |
| Acidity (pKa) |
8.07 |
| Pharmacology |
|
ATC code
|
B05BB03 (WHO) B05XX02 (WHO) |
| Hazards |
| Main hazards |
Irritant |
| Safety data sheet |
External MSDS |
| R-phrases |
R36 R37 R38 |
| S-phrases |
S26 S36 |
| NFPA 704 |
|
| Flash point |
Non-flammable |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
|
| N verify (what is YN ?) |
| Infobox references |
|
|
Tris or Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane or THAM is an organic compound with the formula (HOCH2)3CNH2. Tris is extensively used in biochemistry and molecular biology.[1] In biochemistry, Tris is widely used as a component of buffer solutions, such as in TAE and TBE buffer, especially for solutions of nucleic acids. It contains a primary amine and thus undergoes the reactions associated with typical amines, e.g. condensations with aldehydes.
Contents
- 1 Buffering features
- 1.1 Buffer details
- 1.2 Buffer inhibition
- 2 Preparation
- 3 Uses
- 4 See also
- 5 References
Buffering features
Tris has a pKa of 8.07 at 25 °C, which implies that the buffer has an effective pH range between 7.5 and 9.0.
Buffer details
- The pKa declines approximately 0.03 units per degree Celsius rise in temperature.[2][3]
- Silver-containing single-junction pH electrodes (e.g., silver chloride electrode) are incompatible with Tris (Ag-tris precipitation clogs the junction). Double-junction electrodes are resistant to this problem, and non-silver containing electrodes are immune.
- Making buffer solutions by neutralizing TrisHCl requires attention to the attendant changes in ionic strength.
Buffer inhibition
- Tris inhibits a number of enzymes,[4][5] and therefore it should be used with care when studying proteins.
Preparation
Tris is prepared industrially by the exhaustive condensation of nitromethane with formaldehyde under basic conditions (i.e. repeated nitroaldol reactions) to produce the intermediate (HOCH2)3CNO2, which is subsequently hydrogenated to give the final product.[6]
Uses
The useful buffer range for tris (7-9) coincides with the physiological pH typical of most living organisms. This, and its low cost, make tris one of the most common buffers in the biology/biochemistry laboratory. Tris is also used as a primary standard to standardize acid solutions for chemical analysis.
Tris is used to increase membrane permeability of cell membranes.[7]
Medical
Tris (usually known as THAM in this context) is used as alternative to sodium bicarbonate in the treatment of metabolic acidosis.[8][9]
See also
- MOPS
- HEPES
- MES
- Common buffer compounds used in biology
References
- ^ Gomori, G., Preparation of Buffers for Use in Enzyme Studies. Methods Enzymology., 1, 138-146 (1955).
- ^ El-Harakany, A.A.; Abdel Halima; F.M.; Barakat, A.O. (1984). "Dissociation constants and related thermodynamic quantities of the protonated acid form of tris-(hydroxymethyl)-aminomethane in mixtures of 2-methoxyethanol and water at different temperatures". J. Electroanal. Chem. 162 (1–2): 285–305. doi:10.1016/S0022-0728(84)80171-0.
- ^ Vega, C.A.; Butler, R.A.; et al. (1985). "Thermodynamics of the Dissociation of Protonated Tris(hydroxymethy1)aminomethane in 25 and 50 wt % 2-Propanol from 5 to 45 °C". J. Chem. Eng. Data. 30 (4): 376–379. doi:10.1021/je00042a003.
- ^ Desmarais, WT; et al. (2002). "The 1.20 Å resolution crystal structure of the aminopeptidase from Aeromonas proteolytica complexed with Tris: A tale of buffer inhibition". Structure. 10 (8): 1063–1072. doi:10.1016/S0969-2126(02)00810-9. PMID 12176384.
- ^ Ghalanbor, Z; et al. (2008). "Binding of Tris to Bacillus licheniformis alpha-amylase can affect its starch hydrolysis activity". Protein Peptide Lett. 15 (2): 212–214. doi:10.2174/092986608783489616. PMID 18289113.
- ^ Markofsky, Sheldon, B. (15 October 2011). "Nitro Compounds, Aliphatic". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. 24: 296. doi:10.1002/14356007.a17_401.pub2.
- ^ Irvin, R.T.; MacAlister, T.J.; Costerton, J.W. (1981). "Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane Buffer Modification of Escherichia coli Outer Membrane Permeability". J. Bacteriol. 145 (3): 1397–1403.
- ^ Kallet, RH; Jasmer RM; Luce JM; et al. (2000). "The treatment of acidosis in acute lung injury with tris-hydroxymethyl aminomethane (THAM)". American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 161 (4): 1149–1153. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.161.4.9906031. PMID 10764304.
- ^ Hoste, EA; Colpaert, K; Vanholder, RC; Lameire, NH; De Waele, JJ; Blot, SI; Colardyn, FA (2005). "Sodium bicarbonate versus THAM in ICU patients with mild metabolic acidosis.". Journal of nephrology. 18 (3): 303–7. PMID 16013019.
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Highly sensitive detection of α-naphthol based on G-DNA modified gold electrode by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
- Liang G, Liu X, Li X.SourceState Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
- Biosensors & bioelectronics.Biosens Bioelectron.2013 Jul 15;45:46-51. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2013.01.046. Epub 2013 Feb 4.
- A highly sensitive, reusable G-rich DNA sensor was reported for the detection of α-naphthol by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Specifically, a single-stranded G-rich DNA was self-assembled on the electrode and transformed into K(+)-stabilized G-quadruplex, which could catalyze H2O2-me
- PMID 23454342
- Enantioseparations of amino acids by capillary array electrophoresis with 532nm laser induced fluorescence detection.
- Liu K, Wang L.SourceInstitute of Environmental Engineering, Department of Physics, Dalian Maritime University, 1 Linghai Road, Dalian 116026, China. Electronic address: kyliu@cas.dicp.ac.cn.
- Journal of chromatography. A.J Chromatogr A.2013 Jun 21;1295:142-6. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.04.058. Epub 2013 Apr 26.
- Capillary array electrophoresis (CAE) is a promising technique for multiple enantiomeric separations. Carboxytetramethylrhodamine succinimidyl ester (TAMRA SE), a rhodamine-core fluorescent probe, has rarely been applied as an original precolumn derivatization reagent for chiral amino acid (AA) anal
- PMID 23683895
Japanese Journal
- MoO3 as a Cathode Buffer Layer Material for the Improvement of Planar pn-Heterojunction Organic Solar Cell Performance
- Kageyama Hiroshi,Kajii Hirotake,Ohmori Yutaka [他],Shirota Yasuhiko
- Applied Physics Express 4(3), 032301-032301-3, 2011-03-25
- … The use of MoO3 as a cathode buffer layer inserted between LiF and Al improved the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of planar pn-heterojunction organic solar cells (OSCs) by reducing exciton quenching at the interface between the n-type organic active layer and the electrode. …
- NAID 150000001163
- Effect of Tris-HCl Buffer on DNA Adsorption by a Variety of Soil Constituents
- SAEKI KAZUTOSHI,KUNITO TAKASHI,SAKAI MASAO
- Microbes and environments 26(1), 88-91, 2011-03-01
- … We investigated the effect of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane hydrochloride (Tris-HCl) buffer (pH 7.0) as a bulk solution on the adsorption of DNA by gibbsite, goethite, montmorillonite, kaolinite, synthetic and natural allophanes, two humic acids and two andosols. … The natural allophane, gibbsite, kaolinite and an andosol adsorbed significantly more DNA in a 0.1 M Tris-HCl buffer than in a 0.1 M NaCl solution (t-test, P<0.005). …
- NAID 10028099122
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- Tris buffer
- 同
- 、Tris緩衝液、サム緩衝液 THAM buffer
- 関
- トロメタモール、トロメタミン
[★]
- 英
- tromethamine
- 関
- トリス緩衝液 Tris buffer、トロメタモール trometamol
[★]
トロメタモール、トロメタモル
- 関
- Tris buffer、tromethamine
[★]
- 英
- Tris buffer
- 関
- トリス緩衝液
[★]
- 関
- ampholyte、buffer agent、buffer solution、buffering、buffering solution
[★]
- 日
- トリス、トリスヒドロキシメチルアミノメタン
- 英
- tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, THAM
- 関
- tris、緩衝液
[★]
- 関
- buffer、buffering action