関: Salmonella enteritidis

WordNet

rod-shaped Gram-negative enterobacteria; cause typhoid fever and food poisoning; can be used as a bioweapon
of or relating to the enteron (同)enteral

PrepTutorEJDIC

サルモネラ菌(食中毒の原因になる)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/08/28 14:29:11」(JST)

wiki en

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica is a subspecies of Salmonella enterica, the rod-shaped, flagellated, aerobic, Gram-negative bacterium. It is a member of the genus Salmonella.^[1] Many of the pathogenic serovars of the S. enterica species are in this subspecies, including that responsible for typhoid.^[2]

Serovars

S. enterica subsp. enterica contains a large number of serovars which can infect a broad range of vertebrate hosts. The individual members range from being highly host-adapted (only able to infect a narrow range of species) to displaying a broad host range. A number of techniques are currently used to differentiate between serotypes. These include looking for the presence or absence of antigens, phage typing, molecular fingerprinting and biotyping, where serovars are differentiated by which nutrients they are able to ferment. A possible factor in determining the host range of particular serovars is phage-mediated acquisition of a small number of genetic elements that enable infection of a particular host.^[3] It is further postulated that serovars which infect a narrow range of species have diverged from ancestors with a broad host range, and have since specialised and lost the ability to infect some hosts.^[4]

A selection of serovars, with known hosts listed. Since there are more than 2500 serovars of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica, this list is incomplete.

Serovar	Host species
Salmonella Choleraesuis	Swine
Salmonella Dublin	Cattle
Salmonella Enteritidis	Humans, rodents, galliformes
Salmonella Gallinarum	Galliformes
Salmonella Hadar	Humans, galliformes, rabbits
Salmonella Heidelberg	Humans, galliformes, swine^[5]
Salmonella Infantis	Humans, poultry
Salmonella Paratyphi	Humans
Salmonella Typhi	Humans
Salmonella Typhimurium	Infects humans, cattle, swine, sheep, horses, rodents, galliformes

A study of data from 37 countries collected between 2001 and 2007 found that the most common serovars of Salmonella isolated from human cases was Enteritidis, found in an average of 43.5% of cases, followed by Typhimurium (17.1% of cases), Newport (3.5%), Infantis (1.8%), Virchow (1.5%), Hadar (1.5%), and Agona (0.8%).^[6]

One strain of Salmonella that has recently been emerging in the United States is Salmonella Javiana. "An outbreak occurred in 2002, there were 141 cases that occurred among the participants of the U.S. Transplant Games. Out of the 141 cases, most of the cases were either transplant recipients (34%) or people receiving immunosuppressive therapy (32%)". There is an increasing number of Salmonella serotypes that are multidrug resistant (MDR), which was identified by the CDC's National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System.^[7] "Salmonella javiana causes 4% of nontyphodial Salmonella infections in the United States each year." ^[8]

Metabolism

Genetic evidence suggests that the serovars can be divided into two groups - one which causes enteric infection and has a broad repertoire of metabolic capabilities, and one which usually causes invasive infection, often in a narrow range of hosts, and shows degradation of anaerobic metabolic pathways. It is thought that these metabolic capabilities are important for obtaining nutrients in the challenging and nutrient-limited inflamed gut environment.^[9]

Nomenclature

The serovars can be designated fully or in a shortened form.^[10] The short form lists the genus, Salmonella, which is followed by the capitalized and non-italicized serovar. The full designation for Salmonella Typhi is Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica, serovar Typhi. Each serovar can have many strains, as well, which allows for a rapid increase in the total number of antigenically variable bacteria.^[11]

Epidemiology

Invasive strains of non-typhoidal salmonella, such as S Typhimurium ST313 have recently been labelled as emerging diseases in Africa. Key host immune deficiencies associated with HIV, malaria and malnutrition have contributed to a wide spread of this disease and the need to use expensive antimicrobial drugs in the poorest health services in the world.^[12]

References

^ Giannella RA (1996). Salmonella. In: Baron's Medical Microbiology (Barron S et al., eds.) (4th ed.). Univ of Texas Medical Branch. (via NCBI Bookshelf) ISBN 0-9631172-1-1.
^ Murray PR, Rosenthal KS, Pfaller MA (2009). Medical Microbiology (6th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Mosby Elsevier. p. 307.
^ Rabsch, Wolfgang; Andrews, Helene L.; Kingsley, Robert A.; Prager, Rita; Tschape, Helmut; Adams, Garry; Baumler, Andreas J. (2002). "Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhimurium and Its Host-Adapted Variants". Infection and Immunity 70 (5): 2249–2255. doi:10.1128/IAI.70.5.2249-2255.2002.
^ Langridge, Gemma C.; Fookes, Maria; Connor, Thomas; Feltwell, Theresa; Feasey, Nicholas; Parsons, Bryony; Seth-Smith, Helena; Barquist, Lars; Stedman, Anna; Humphrey, Thomas; Wigley, Paul; Peters, Sarah; Maskell, Duncan; Corander, Jukka; Chabalgoity, Jose; Barrow, Paul; Parkhill, Julian; Dougan, Gordon; Thomson, Nicholas (2014). "Patterns of genome evolution that have accompanied host adaptation in Salmonella". PNAS. Early Edition.
^ "Snapshots of Salmonella Serotypes" (PDF). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC.
^ Hendriksen, Rene S.; Vieira, Antonio R.; Karlsmose, Susanne; Lo Fo Wong, Danilo M.A.; Jensen, Arne B.; Wegener, Henrik C.; Aarestrup, Frank M. (August 2011). "Global Monitoring of Salmonella Serovar Distribution from the World Health Organization Global Foodborne Infections Network Country Data Bank: Results of Quality Assured Laboratories from 2001 to 2007". Foodborne Pathogens and Disease 8 (8): 887–900. doi:10.1089/fpd.2010.0787. Retrieved 31 July 2015.
^ Goldrick, Barbara (March 2003). "Emerging Infections: Foodborne Diseases". The American Journal of Nursing 103 (3): 105–106. doi:10.1097/00000446-200303000-00043. Retrieved 7 December 2014.
^ Elward, Alexis; Grim, Autumn; Schroeder, Patricia; Phillips, Virginia; Bartow, Rhonda; Mays, Debra; Lawrence, Steven; Seed, Patrick; Holzmann-Pazgal, Galit; Polish, Louis; Leet, Terry; Fraser, Victoria (June 2006). "Outbreak of Salmonella javiana Infection at a Children's Hospital". Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 27 (6): 586–592. doi:10.1086/506483. Retrieved 7 December 2014.
^ Nuccio, Sean-Paul; Baumler, Andreas (2014). "Comparative Analysis of Salmonella Genomes Identifies a Metabolic Network for Escalating Growth in the Inflamed Gut". mBio 5 (2): e00929–14. doi:10.1128/mBio.00929-14.
^ http://www.bacterio.cict.fr/salmonellanom.html
^ http://www.sanger.ac.uk/Projects/Salmonella/
^ Feasey, Nicholas A.; Dougan, Gordon; Kingsley, Robert A.; Heyderman, Robert S.; Gordon, Melita A. (2012). "Invasive non-typhoidal salmonella disease: an emerging and neglected tropical disease in Africa". The Lancet 379: 2489–99.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. Nontyphoidal Salmonella: Microbiology and epidemiology
2. Nontyphoidal Salmonella: Gastrointestinal infection and carriage
3. サルモネラ胃腸炎の病因 pathogenesis of salmonella gastroenteritis
4. 非チフス性サルモネラ菌血症 nontyphoidal salmonella bacteremia
5. 微生物による食中毒疾患の鑑別診断 differential diagnosis of microbial foodborne disease

English Journal

A bacteriophage detection tool for viability assessment of Salmonella cells.

Fernandes E, Martins VC, Nóbrega C, Carvalho CM, Cardoso FA, Cardoso S, Dias J, Deng D, Kluskens LD, Freitas PP, Azeredo J.SourceIBB-Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho Campus de Gualtar, 4700-057 Braga, Portugal; International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal. Electronic address: elisabete.fernandes@deb.uminho.pt.
Biosensors & bioelectronics.Biosens Bioelectron.2014 Feb 15;52:239-46. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2013.08.053. Epub 2013 Sep 7.
Salmonellosis, one of the most common food and water-borne diseases, has a major global health and economic impact. Salmonella cells present high infection rates, persistence over inauspicious conditions and the potential to preserve virulence in dormant states when cells are viable but non-culturab
PMID 24055938

Isolation and molecular characterization of Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Shigella spp. from meat and dairy products in Egypt.

Ahmed AM, Shimamoto T.SourceDepartment of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt.
International journal of food microbiology.Int J Food Microbiol.2014 Jan 3;168-169:57-62. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.10.014. Epub 2013 Oct 29.
Foodborne pathogens are a major threat to food safety, especially in developing countries where hygiene and sanitation facilities are often poor. Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Shigella spp. are among the major causes of outbreaks of foodborne diseases. This large-scale study inve
PMID 24239976

Gene expression analysis of Salmonella enterica SPI in macrophages indicates differences between serovars that induce systemic disease from those normally causing enteritis.

Imre A, Bukovinszki A, Lovell MA, Li H, Zhou X, Barrow PA.SourceSchool of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, United Kingdom; CEVA-Phylaxia Biotechnology Europe, Szállás utca 5, 1107 Budapest, Hungary.
Veterinary microbiology.Vet Microbiol.2013 Dec 27;167(3-4):675-9. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.07.034. Epub 2013 Aug 9.
Global gene expression of the invasive Salmonella serovars S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium, and the less-invasive S. Infantis and S. Hadar was studied during infection of a chicken macrophage cell line. Major functional gene groups responsible for intracellular physiological changes were regulated
PMID 24080352

Japanese Journal

Antimicrobial Resistance in Salmonella Strains Clinically Isolated in Hyogo, Japan (2009–2012)

Osawa Kayo,Shigemura Katsumi,Shimizu Rika,Kato Ayaka,Kimura Mayuha,Katayama Yuki,Okuya Yuma,Yutaka Shunichiro,Nishimoto Akiko,Kishi Akane,Fujiwara Miki,Yoshida Hiroyuki,Iijima Yoshio,Fujisawa Masato,Shirakawa Toshiro
Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 67(1), 54-57, 2014
… The purpose of this study was to examine the in vitro susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents and genetic diversity of 195 clinical strains of Salmonella spp., which were isolated and examined for the extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) blaCTX-M gene and the presence of gyrA, gyrB, parC, and parE genes mutations in Hyogo, Japan, from 2009 to 2012. … Two Salmonella enterica subsp. …
NAID 130003399234

1992年-2010年に沖縄県で分離された鶏由来 Salmonella の血清型, 薬剤感受性および薬剤耐性遺伝子の保有状況

又吉正直,俵山美絵,小田葉子 [他],長島裕美,諌山章子
鶏病研究会報 47(3), 160-166, 2011-11-25
… 1992年～2010年に沖縄県の28農場で鶏およびその飼育環境から分離したSalmonella 622株の血清型、薬剤感受性および薬剤耐性遺伝子を調査した。 … Enteritidis 93株（15.0％）、S. …
NAID 10030166519

Development of Recombinant Vaccines in Lactobacilli for Elimination of Salmonella

KAJIKAWA Akinobu,IGIMI Shizunobu
Bioscience and microflora 30(4), 93-98, 2011-10-01
… Our research group has been investigating the development of oral mucosal vaccines against Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE) using Lactobacillus casei IGM393 as an antigen delivery vehicle. … This article reviews a novel approach to the elimination of Salmonella via the development of a vaccine in lactobacilli. …
NAID 10030171328

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「腸炎菌」「Salmonella enteritidis」
関連記事	「Salmonella enterica」「enteric」「enteritidis」

「腸炎菌」

Salmonella enterica
	Salmonella Typhimurium colonies on a Hektoen enteric agar plate
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Proteobacteria
Class:	Gammaproteobacteria
Order:	Enterobacteriales
Family:	Enterobacteriaceae
Genus:	Salmonella
Species:	S. enterica
Subspecies:	S. e. subsp. enterica
Trinomial name
	Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica;
Serovar
	Salmonella choleraesuis; Salmonella Dublin; Salmonella Enteritidis; Salmonella Heidelberg; Salmonella Paratyphi; Salmonella Typhi; Salmonella Typhimurium;

　　[★]

ラ: Salmonella enteritidis、Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis
関: ゲルトネル菌

「Salmonella enteritidis」

　　[★]

腸炎菌、ゲルトネル菌

関: Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis

「Salmonella enterica」

　　[★]

ラ: Salmonella enterica
日: サルモネラ・エンテリカ
関: サルモネラ属

「enteric」

　　[★]

adj.

腸の。腸溶性の

同: enteral

「enteritidis」

　　[★]

Salmonella enteritidis

[Baron-1] Giannella RA (1996). Salmonella. In: Baron's Medical Microbiology (Barron S et al., eds.) (4th ed.). Univ of Texas Medical Branch. (via NCBI Bookshelf) ISBN 0-9631172-1-1.

[2] Murray PR, Rosenthal KS, Pfaller MA (2009). Medical Microbiology (6th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Mosby Elsevier. p. 307.

[3] Rabsch, Wolfgang; Andrews, Helene L.; Kingsley, Robert A.; Prager, Rita; Tschape, Helmut; Adams, Garry; Baumler, Andreas J. (2002). "Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhimurium and Its Host-Adapted Variants". Infection and Immunity 70 (5): 2249–2255. doi:10.1128/IAI.70.5.2249-2255.2002.

[4] Langridge, Gemma C.; Fookes, Maria; Connor, Thomas; Feltwell, Theresa; Feasey, Nicholas; Parsons, Bryony; Seth-Smith, Helena; Barquist, Lars; Stedman, Anna; Humphrey, Thomas; Wigley, Paul; Peters, Sarah; Maskell, Duncan; Corander, Jukka; Chabalgoity, Jose; Barrow, Paul; Parkhill, Julian; Dougan, Gordon; Thomson, Nicholas (2014). "Patterns of genome evolution that have accompanied host adaptation in Salmonella". PNAS. Early Edition.

[5] "Snapshots of Salmonella Serotypes" (PDF). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC.

[Global_monitoring-6] Hendriksen, Rene S.; Vieira, Antonio R.; Karlsmose, Susanne; Lo Fo Wong, Danilo M.A.; Jensen, Arne B.; Wegener, Henrik C.; Aarestrup, Frank M. (August 2011). "Global Monitoring of Salmonella Serovar Distribution from the World Health Organization Global Foodborne Infections Network Country Data Bank: Results of Quality Assured Laboratories from 2001 to 2007". Foodborne Pathogens and Disease 8 (8): 887–900. doi:10.1089/fpd.2010.0787. Retrieved 31 July 2015.

[7] Goldrick, Barbara (March 2003). "Emerging Infections: Foodborne Diseases". The American Journal of Nursing 103 (3): 105–106. doi:10.1097/00000446-200303000-00043. Retrieved 7 December 2014.

[8] Elward, Alexis; Grim, Autumn; Schroeder, Patricia; Phillips, Virginia; Bartow, Rhonda; Mays, Debra; Lawrence, Steven; Seed, Patrick; Holzmann-Pazgal, Galit; Polish, Louis; Leet, Terry; Fraser, Victoria (June 2006). "Outbreak of Salmonella javiana Infection at a Children's Hospital". Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 27 (6): 586–592. doi:10.1086/506483. Retrieved 7 December 2014.

[9] Nuccio, Sean-Paul; Baumler, Andreas (2014). "Comparative Analysis of Salmonella Genomes Identifies a Metabolic Network for Escalating Growth in the Inflamed Gut". mBio 5 (2): e00929–14. doi:10.1128/mBio.00929-14.

[10] ttp://www.bacterio.cict.fr/salmonellanom.html

[11] ttp://www.sanger.ac.uk/Projects/Salmonella/

[12] Feasey, Nicholas A.; Dougan, Gordon; Kingsley, Robert A.; Heyderman, Robert S.; Gordon, Melita A. (2012). "Invasive non-typhoidal salmonella disease: an emerging and neglected tropical disease in Africa". The Lancet 379: 2489–99.

匿名

検索

案内

案内

Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis