WordNet

a drug that neutralizes or counteracts the effects of another drug
a muscle that relaxes while another contracts; "when bending the elbow the triceps are the antagonist"

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対立する人,敵対者,競争相手(opponent)
General Admiral / (またGa)Georgia

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/06/05 19:38:08」(JST)

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GABA receptor antagonists are drugs that inhibit the action of GABA. In general these drugs produce stimulant and convulsant effects, and are mainly used for counteracting overdoses of sedative drugs.

Examples include bicuculline, securinine and metrazol, and the benzodiazepine GABA_A receptor antagonist flumazenil.

Drugs with possible antagonistic effects include thiothixene, bupropion and caffeine.

Also thujone, ginkgo biloba, kudzu and muira puama^{[citation needed]} may have properties of GABA_A receptor antagonism.

External links

GABA antagonists at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This drug article relating to the nervous system is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

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English Journal

Treatment-refractory substance use disorder: Focus on alcohol, opioids, and cocaine.

Soyka M1, Mutschler J2.
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry.Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry.2016 Oct 3;70:148-61. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.11.003. Epub 2015 Nov 12.
Substance use disorders are common, but only a small minority of patients receive adequate treatment. Although psychosocial therapies are effective, relapse is common. This review focusses on novel pharmacological and other treatments for patients with alcohol, opioid, or cocaine use disorders who d
PMID 26577297

Synthetic cannabinoid JWH-018 and its halogenated derivatives JWH-018-Cl and JWH-018-Br impair Novel Object Recognition in mice: Behavioral, electrophysiological and neurochemical evidence.

Barbieri M1, Ossato A2, Canazza I2, Trapella C3, Borelli AC1, Beggiato S2, Rimondo C4, Serpelloni G5, Ferraro L2, Marti M6.
Neuropharmacology.Neuropharmacology.2016 Oct;109:254-69. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.06.027. Epub 2016 Jun 23.
It is well known that an impairment of learning and memory function is one of the major physiological effects caused by natural or synthetic cannabinoid consumption in rodents, nonhuman primates and in humans. JWH-018 and its halogenated derivatives (JWH-018-Cl and JWH-018-Br) are synthetic CB1/CB2
PMID 27346209

Mutagenesis and computational docking studies support the existence of a histamine binding site at the extracellular β3+β3- interface of homooligomeric β3 GABAA receptors.

Hoerbelt P1, Ramerstorfer J2, Ernst M2, Sieghart W2, Thomson JL3, Hough LB3, Fleck MW3.
Neuropharmacology.Neuropharmacology.2016 Sep;108:252-63. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.04.042. Epub 2016 Apr 30.
Histamine is an important neurotransmitter that exerts its physiological actions through H1-4 metabotropic receptors in mammals. It also directly activates ionotropic GABAA receptor (GABAAR) β3 homooligomers and potentiates GABA responses in αβ heterooligomers in vitro, but the respective histam
PMID 27140694

Japanese Journal

Endogenously released 5-HT inhibits A and C fiber-evoked synaptic transmission in the rat spinal cord by the facilitation of GABA/glycine and 5-HT release via 5-HT2A and 5-HT3 receptors

Iwasaki Takeyuki,Otsuguro Ken-ichi,Kobayashi Takeshi,Ohta Toshio,Ito Shigeo
European Journal of Pharmacology 702(1-3), 149-157, 2013-02-28
… The pCA-mediated inhibition was reversed by ketanserin (a 5-HT2A receptor antagonist) and tropisetron (a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist). … The pCA-evoked inhibition of sVRP was reduced by bicuculline (a GABA(A) receptor antagonist) and strychnine (a glycine receptor antagonist). …
NAID 120005228705

Rat Submandibular Gland Perfusion Method for Clarifying Inhibitory Regulation of GABAA Receptor

Okubo Migiwa,Kawaguchi Mitsuru
Journal of Pharmacological Sciences 122(1), 42-50, 2013
… GABA is an inhibitory transmitter found in rat salivary gland. … However, the inhibitory potential of GABA on salivary secretion is unclear. … Using an in vivo cannulation method, intraperitoneal administration of GABA was ineffective in the absence of gabaculine, a GABA transaminase inhibitor, on pilocarpine-induced salivary secretion, suggesting that GABA was rendered metabolically inactive before reaching the salivary gland. …
NAID 130003362695

Melatonin Modulates the GABAergic Response in Cultured Rat Hippocampal Neurons

Cheng Xin-Ping,Sun Hao,Ye Zeng-You [他],ZHOU Jiang-Ning
Journal of pharmacological sciences 119(2), 177-185, 2012-06-20
… In the present study, we investigated the effect of melatonin on the GABA-induced current (IGABA) and GABAergic miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs) in cultured rat hippocampal neurons using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. … We found that melatonin rapidly and reversibly enhanced IGABA …
NAID 10030828630