同: congenital lobar emphysema

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the 3rd letter of the Roman alphabet (同)c
(music) the keynote of the scale of C major
a general-purpose programing language closely associated with the UNIX operating system

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carbonの化学記号

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/04/25 12:08:50」(JST)

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1. 先天性肺葉性肺気腫 congenital lobar emphysema
2. 気管支肺分画症の出生前診断およびマネージメント prenatal diagnosis and management of bronchopulmonary sequestration
3. 共焦点レーザー内顕微鏡検査および超拡大内視鏡 confocal laser endomicroscopy and endocytoscopy
4. 先天性肺気道奇形の出生前診断およびマネージメント prenatal diagnosis and management of congenital pulmonary airway malformation

English Journal

Tools for determining critical levels of atmospheric ammonia under the influence of multiple disturbances.

Pinho P1, Llop E2, Ribeiro MC3, Cruz C4, Soares A3, Pereira MJ3, Branquinho C4.Author information 1CERENA-Centro de Recursos Naturais e Ambiente, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa (CERENA-IST-UL), Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, Centro de Biologia Ambiental (CBA-FC-UL), Portugal. Electronic address: ppinho@fc.ul.pt.2Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, Centro de Biologia Ambiental (CBA-FC-UL), Portugal; Universtitat de Barcelona, Dpt. Biologia Vegetal-Botànica, Spain.3CERENA-Centro de Recursos Naturais e Ambiente, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa (CERENA-IST-UL), Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.4Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, Centro de Biologia Ambiental (CBA-FC-UL), Portugal.AbstractCritical levels (CLEs) of atmospheric ammonia based on biodiversity changes have been mostly calculated using small-scale single-source approaches, to avoid interference by other factors, which also influence biodiversity. Thus, it is questionable whether these CLEs are valid at larger spatial scales, in a multi- disturbances context. To test so, we sampled lichen diversity and ammonia at 80 sites across a region with a complex land-cover including industrial and urban areas. At a regional scale, confounding factors such as industrial pollutants prevailed, masking the CLEs. We propose and use a new tool to calculate CLEs by stratifying ammonia concentrations into classes, and focusing on the highest diversity values. Based on the significant correlations between ammonia and biodiversity, we found the CLE of ammonia for Mediterranean evergreen woodlands to be 0.69 μg m(-3), below the previously accepted value of 1.9 μg m(-3), and below the currently accepted pan-European CLE of 1.0 μg m(-3).
Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987).Environ Pollut.2014 May;188:88-93. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.01.024. Epub 2014 Feb 22.
Critical levels (CLEs) of atmospheric ammonia based on biodiversity changes have been mostly calculated using small-scale single-source approaches, to avoid interference by other factors, which also influence biodiversity. Thus, it is questionable whether these CLEs are valid at larger spatial scale
PMID 24568792

Regulation of mesodermal precursor production by low-level expression of B1 Sox genes in the caudal lateral epiblast.

Yoshida M1, Uchikawa M1, Rizzoti K2, Lovell-Badge R2, Takemoto T3, Kondoh H4.Author information 1Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.2National Institute for Medical Research, London NW7 1AA, UK.3Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Fujii Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences, The University of Tokushima, 3-18-5 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.4Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. Electronic address: kondohh@fbs.osaka-u.ac.jp.AbstractHigh expression of the B1 Sox genes, Sox2 and Sox3, is associated with the development of definitive neural primordia, the neural plates, in early stage embryos. However, in the caudal lateral epiblast (CLE) where axial stem cells reside, Sox2 and Sox3 are expressed at low levels, together with Brachyury. Because axial stem cells are the bipotential precursors of the neural plate and paraxial mesoderm, we investigated the possibility that low-level B1 Sox expression in CLE may regulate the fate of axial stem cells. We combined the genetic conditions of Sox3-null and Sox2 N1 enhancer homozygous deletion (Sox2(ΔN1/ΔN1)) to decrease B1 Sox expression in CLE. At 5-7 somite stages of mouse embryogenesis, these genetic manipulations caused approximately 30% higher production of paraxial mesodermal precursors, resulting in the development of larger somites. Analysis of mitotic cell populations suggested that decrease of B1 Sox expression in CLE does not activate cell proliferation but promotes cell migration into the mesodermal compartment. Thus, the low-level B1 Sox expression in CLE regulates axial stem cells to adjust the production of paraxial mesoderm precursors to an appropriate level.
Mechanisms of development.Mech Dev.2014 May;132:59-68. doi: 10.1016/j.mod.2014.01.003. Epub 2014 Feb 6.
High expression of the B1 Sox genes, Sox2 and Sox3, is associated with the development of definitive neural primordia, the neural plates, in early stage embryos. However, in the caudal lateral epiblast (CLE) where axial stem cells reside, Sox2 and Sox3 are expressed at low levels, together with Brac
PMID 24508530

Confocal laser endomicroscopy for in vivo detection of gastric intestinal metaplasia: a randomized controlled trial.

Li Z1, Zuo XL1, Yu T1, Gu XM1, Zhou CJ2, Li CQ1, Ji R1, Li YQ1.Author information 1Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.2Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.AbstractBackground and study aims: Gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) is associated with a risk for development of intestinal-type gastric cancer. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic yield of GIM from confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) and white light endoscopy (WLE). Patients and methods: In a prospective, double-blind, randomized study, patients were randomly assigned to receive either CLE with targeted biopsies (group A) or WLE with a standard biopsy protocol (group B). Results: A total of 168 patients were finally analyzed (group A 85, group B 83). On a per-patient analysis, the diagnostic yields of GIM (including GIM with gastric intraepithelial neoplasia [GIN]) for groups A and B were 44.71 % and 31.33 %, respectively (P = 0.074). On a per-biopsy analysis, CLE-targeted biopsy gave a significantly higher diagnostic yield of GIM compared with WLE and standard biopsy, at 65.70 % (113 /172 biopsies) versus 15.73 % (81 /515 biopsies) (P < 0.001). Moreover, the diagnostic yield of the operative link on gastric intestinal metaplasia (OLGIM) assessment stages III and IV was higher at 20.93 % (36 /172 biopsies) in group A versus 4.08 % (21 /515 biopsies) in group B (P < 0.001). In addition, use of CLE-guided biopsy significantly decreased by 68 % (P < 0.001) the mean number of biopsies required per patient. Conclusions: CLE with targeted biopsies is superior to WLE with standard biopsies for the detection and surveillance of GIM. The number of biopsies needed to confirm GIM is about one third of that needed with WLE with standard biopsies.
Endoscopy.Endoscopy.2014 Apr;46(4):282-90. doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1359215. Epub 2014 Jan 28.
Background and study aims: Gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) is associated with a risk for development of intestinal-type gastric cancer. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic yield of GIM from confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) and white light endoscopy (WLE). Patients and methods: In a pro
PMID 24473908

Japanese Journal

リスクと連帯

金山準
メディア・コミュニケーション研究 61, 109-119, 2011-11-25
… soulevée pour la première fois en France au cours de la première moitiédu XIXème siècle. …
NAID 120003537915

CMS/LMS環境で利用できるスマートケータイ出席確認小テストシステムS-maqs

植木泰博,伊部奏美,井阪孝信,木本茉結,徳尾有紀,冬木正彦
情報処理学会研究報告. コンピュータと教育研究会報告 2011-CE-111(11), 1-6, 2011-10-07
大学における多人数対面授業において,アンケート・小テスト・学習記録提出保存・出席確認を,携帯電話およびノート PC からインターネット接続で利用できる Web アプリケーションシステム S-maqs (Smart mobile attendance- and quiz-taking system) を提案する.S-maqs は,コース管理システム (CMS)/学習管理システム (LMS) とデータ …
NAID 110008665630