external abdominal oblique muscle

WordNet

1. purely outward or superficial; "external composure"; "an external concern for reputation"- A.R.Gurney,Jr.
2. outward features; "he enjoyed the solemn externals of religion"
3. coming from the outside; "extraneous light in the camera spoiled the photograph"; "relying upon an extraneous income"; "disdaining outside pressure groups" (同)extraneous, outside
4. from or between other countries; "external commerce"; "international trade"; "developing nations need outside help" (同)international, outside
5. happening or arising or located outside or beyond some limits or especially surface; "the external auditory canal"; "external pressures"
6. make ones way by force; "He muscled his way into the office"
7. animal tissue consisting predominantly of contractile cells (同)muscular_tissue
8. one of the contractile organs of the body (同)musculus
9. authority or power or force (especially when used in a coercive way); "the senators used their muscle to get the party leader to resign"
10. slanting or inclined in direction or course or position--neither parallel nor perpendicular nor right-angled; "the oblique rays of the winter sun"; "acute and obtuse angles are oblique angles"; "the axis of an oblique cone is not perpendicular to its base"
11. any grammatical case other than the nominative (同)oblique case
12. the muscles of the abdomen (同)abdominal_muscle, ab
13. of or relating to or near the abdomen; "abdominal muscles"
14. a nonresident doctor or medical student; connected with a hospital but not living there (同)medical extern

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 『外側の』,外部の / (作用・動作などが)『外側からの』,外部からの / 表面上の,見せかけの / 体外の;体外用の / 外国の(foreign) / (…の)外観,外形《+『of』+『名』》
2. 〈U〉(動物体の組織としての)『筋肉』,筋(きん);〈C〉(体の各部を動かす)筋肉 / 〈U〉力,(特に)筋力,腕力 / 《俗に》(…に)強引に割り込む《+『in on』(『into, through』)+『名』》
3. 傾いた,斜めの / 間接の,遠回しの / 〈C〉〈U〉斜線(/)
4. (比較変化なし)腹の,腹部の

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/11/23 04:57:46」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

Abdominal external oblique muscle
Muscles of the trunk.
The Obliquus externus abdominis.
Details
Latin	Musculus obliquus externus abdominis
Origin	Ribs 5-12
Insertion	Iliac crest, Pubic tubercle, Linea alba
Nerve	Thoracoabdominal nn. (T7-11) and Subcostal nerve (T12)
Actions	Contralateral rotation of torso
Identifiers
Gray's	p.409
Dorlands /Elsevier	m_22/12549865
TA	A04.5.01.008
FMA	FMA:13335
Anatomical terms of muscle

The external oblique muscle (of the abdomen) (also external abdominal oblique muscle) is the largest and the most superficial (outermost) of the three flat muscles of the lateral anterior abdomen.

Structure

The external oblique is situated on the lateral and anterior parts of the abdomen. It is broad, thin, and irregularly quadrilateral, its muscular portion occupying the side, its aponeurosis the anterior wall of the abdomen. In most humans (especially females), the oblique is not visible, due to subcutaneous fat deposits and the small size of the muscle.

It arises from eight fleshy digitations, each from the external surfaces and inferior borders of the fifth to twelfth ribs. These digitations are arranged in an oblique line which runs inferiorly and anteriorly, with the upper digitations being attached close to the cartilages of the corresponding ribs, the lowest to the apex of the cartilage of the last rib, the intermediate ones to the ribs at some distance from their cartilages.

The five superior serrations increase in size from above downward, and are received between corresponding processes of the serratus anterior muscle; the three lower ones diminish in size from above downward and receive between them corresponding processes from the latissimus dorsi. From these attachments the fleshy fibers proceed in various directions.

Those from the lowest ribs pass nearly vertically downward, and are inserted into the anterior half of the outer lip of the iliac crest; the middle and upper fibers, directed downward (inferiorly) and forward (anteriorly), become aponeurotic at approximately the midclavicular line. This aponeurosis formed from fibres from either side of the external oblique decussates at the linea alba.

The aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle forms the inguinal ligament. The muscle also contributes to the inguinal canal.

Just deep to the external oblique is the internal oblique muscle.

Innervation

The external oblique muscle is innervated by ventral branches of the lower 6 intercostal (thoracoabdominal) nerves and the subcostal nerve on each side.

Blood supply

The cranial portion of the muscle is supplied by the lower intercostal arteries, whereas the caudal portion is supplied by a branches of either the deep circumflex iliac artery or the iliolumbar artery.

Function

The external oblique functions to pull the chest downwards and compress the abdominal cavity, which increases the intra-abdominal pressure as in a valsalva maneuver. It also has limited actions in both flexion and rotation of the vertebral column. One side of the obliques contracting can create lateral flexion. It also contributes in compression of abdomen.

Society and culture

Training

• Crunch (exercise)
• Side plank
• Sit-up (exercise)

Additional images

• Posterior view of muscles connecting the upper extremity to the vertebral column. Posterior part of abdominal external oblique muscle labeled.

• Diagram of a transverse section of the posterior abdominal wall, to show the disposition of the lumbodorsal fascia.

• The subcutaneous inguinal ring.

• Diagram of sheath of Rectus.

• Diagram of a transverse section through the anterior abdomina wall, below the linea semicircularis.

• Femoral sheath laid open to show its three compartments.

• Transverse section through the middle of the first lumbar vertebra, showing the relations of the pancreas.

• The left side of the thorax.

• Surface anatomy of the front of the thorax and abdomen.

• Lumbar triangle

• External abdominal oblique muscle

• External abdominal oblique muscle.Anterior abdominal wall.Deep dissection.Anterior view.

See also

This article uses anatomical terminology; for an overview, see anatomical terminology.

• Layers of the abdominal wall
• Abdominal exercise

References

This article incorporates text from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy.

External links

• Origin, insertion and nerve supply of the muscle at Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine
• 1335492666 at GPnotebook
• Anatomy image:7061 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center
• Cross section image: pembody/body8a - Plastination Laboratory at the Medical University of Vienna

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

• Effect of Traditional vs. Modified Bent-Knee Sit-Up on Abdominal and Hip Flexor Muscle Electromyographic Activity.

• Sullivan W1, Gardin FA, Bellon CR, Leigh S.
• Journal of strength and conditioning research / National Strength & Conditioning Association.J Strength Cond Res.2015 Dec;29(12):3472-9. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001006.
• Sullivan, W, Gardin, FA, Bellon, CR, and Leigh, S. Effect of traditional vs. modified bent-knee sit-up on abdominal and hip flexor muscle electromyographic activity. J Strength Cond Res 29(12): 3472-3479, 2015-The traditional sit-up may be a poor choice for core strength training due to its focus on
• PMID 25970493

• Identification of a new target muscle for treatment in patients with Parkinson's disease who have lateral trunk flexion?

• Kataoka H1, Sawa N2, Ueno S2.
• Journal of the neurological sciences.J Neurol Sci.2015 Nov 15;358(1-2):435-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2015.09.014. Epub 2015 Sep 7.
• Parkinson's disease (PD) can present with lateral trunk flexion (LTF). Abnormal posture associated with PD has been treated, but the effectiveness of these treatments is limited, resulting in unsatisfactory outcomes. Unilateral hypertrophy and unilateral hyperactivity may be useful for deciding targ
• PMID 26375624

• Evaluating Abdominal and Lower-Back Muscle Activity While Performing Core Exercises on a Stability Ball and a Dynamic Office Chair.

• Holmes MW1, De Carvalho DE2, Karakolis T2, Callaghan JP3.
• Human factors.Hum Factors.2015 Nov;57(7):1149-61. doi: 10.1177/0018720815593184. Epub 2015 Jun 25.
• OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of a dynamic office chair to activate the core muscles while participants performed exercises sitting on the chair compared to a stability ball.BACKGROUND: Prolonged sitting has become an accepted part of the modern office. However, ep
• PMID 26113019

Japanese Journal

• 腹部引き込み運動および呼気筋運動時の姿勢別における腹横筋の筋厚変化

• 理学療法科学 30(3), 385-388, 2015
• NAID 130005087367

• 健常高齢者を対象とした異なる2種類の腹筋運動が端座位側方移動動作に及ぼす影響:─座圧中心軌跡と体幹・下肢筋活動からの検討─

• 理学療法科学 30(1), 109-114, 2015
• NAID 130004874977

• Effects of performing an abdominal hollowing exercise on trunk muscle activity during curl-up exercise on an unstable surface

• Journal of Physical Therapy Science 27(2), 501-503, 2015
• NAID 130004835145

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

関連記事	「external」「abdominal」「oblique」「muscle」

「external」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 外部の、外側の、外の

関

exo、exterior、externally、extra、lateral、laterale、lateralis、laterally、outer、outside

　 　 　 　 　 　

「abdominal」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 腹腔の、腹部の

関

abdomen、abdominal cavity、abdominis、belly、celiac、coeliac、peritoneal cavity、ventral

　 　 　

「oblique」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 斜位の、斜めの、傾斜した、斜方の

関

heterophoria、inclination、incline、obliquely、phoria、skewing

　 　 　

「muscle」

　　[★]

• n.

• 筋肉