WordNet

(physiology) a shortening or tensing of a part or organ (especially of a muscle or muscle fiber) (同)muscular_contraction, muscle_contraction
the act of decreasing (something) in size or volume or quantity or scope
a word formed from two or more words by omitting or combining some sounds; "`wont is a contraction of `will not"; "`oclock is a contraction of `of the clock"
of or involving the uterus; "uterine cancer"

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈U〉〈C〉(…の)収縮,短縮《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈U〉(通貨・資金・支出などの)縮小,節減《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈U〉(いやなこと・よくないことを)身に負うこと,(悪習などが)身につくこと《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈C〉陣痛
子宮の / 同母異父の

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/10/06 17:10:03」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

A uterine contraction is a muscle contraction of the uterine smooth muscle.

Throughout menstrual cycle

The uterus frequently contracts throughout the entire menstrual cycle, and these contractions have been termed endometrial waves or contractile waves.^[1] These appear to involve only the sub-endometrial layer of the myometrium.^[1] In the early follicular phase, these contractions occur once or twice per minute and last 10–15 seconds with a low amplitude of usually 30 mmHg.^[1] The frequency increases to 3–4 per minute towards ovulation. During the luteal phase, the frequency and amplitude decrease, possibly to facilitate any implantation.

If implantation does not occur, the frequency remains low, but the amplitude increases dramatically to between 50 and 200 mmHg producing labor-like contractions at the time of menstruation.^[1] These contractions are sometimes termed menstrual cramps,^[2] although that term is often used for menstrual pain in general. These contractions may be uncomfortable or even painful, but they are generally significantly less painful than contractions during labour. A hot water bottle or exercising has been found to help.^{[citation needed]}

A shift in the myosin expression of the uterine smooth muscle has been hypothesized to avail for changes in the directions of uterine contractions that are seen during the menstrual cycle.^[1]

Childbirth

A contraction refers specifically to the motion of the uterus^[3] as part of the process of childbirth. Contractions, and labour in general, is one condition that releases the hormone oxytocin into the body. Contractions become longer as labour intensifies.

Prior to actual labour, women may experience Braxton Hicks contractions, sometimes known as "false labour."

Since every pregnancy is different, a doctor, midwife or other competent professional should always be consulted before any action is taken to reduce the pain. Some popular methods may be harmful to the mother and/or the baby, or may actually worsen the pain or lengthen the labour.

Uterine contractions during childbirth can be monitored by tocography, in which a device called a tocodynamometer, which has a flat area that is fixated to the skin by a band around the belly. The pressure required to flatten a section of the wall correlates with the internal pressure, thereby providing an estimate of it.^[4]

In orgasm

The uterus and vagina contract during female orgasm. These contractions may not be noticed by all women; pregnant women are more likely to notice these contractions by late 2nd and 3rd trimesters.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Aguilar, H. N.; Mitchell, S.; Knoll, A. H.; Yuan, X. (2010). "Physiological pathways and molecular mechanisms regulating uterine contractility". Human Reproduction Update 16 (6): 725–744. doi:10.1093/humupd/dmq016. PMID 20551073.
^ medicinenet.com > Menstrual Cramps Retrieved January 2011
^ Uterine Contraction at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
^ Tocodynamometer. By Dr. Malcolm C Brown. Copyright 2000

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. Management of normal labor and delivery
2. Overview of normal labor and protraction and arrest disorders
3. Use of intrauterine pressure catheters
4. 陣痛誘発 induction of labor
5. 早期分娩の診断および早期産の概要 diagnosis of preterm labor and overview of preterm birth

English Journal

Combining Sprague-Dawley rat uterus cell membrane chromatography with HPLC/MS to screen active components from Leonurus artemisia.

Fan J1, Wei F2, Zhang Y2, Su H2, Ji Z1, He J2, Han S2.
Pharmaceutical biology.Pharm Biol.2016 Feb;54(2):279-84. doi: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1033562. Epub 2015 Apr 10.
CONTEXT: Leonurus artemisia (Lour.) S.Y.Hu (Lamiaceae) (YiMuCao in Chinese) is a traditional Chinese medicine. Leonurus artemisia has been shown to have many pharmacological effects such as increasing uterine contraction amplitude, and tension, but the active components are still unknown.OBJECTIVE:
PMID 25858117

Contraction-based uterine artery Doppler velocimetry: a novel approach for prediction of preterm birth in women with threatened preterm labor.

Olgan S1, Celıloglu M2.
Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol.2016 Jan 29. doi: 10.1002/uog.15871. [Epub ahead of print]
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether uterine artery Doppler velocimetry during peak uterine contraction is a useful marker for the prediction of preterm delivery.METHODS: In this prospective cohort study, 172 patients admitted with preterm (24-35 weeks of gestation) uterine contractions were evaluated by
PMID 26823022

Japanese Journal

An in vivo mouse model of primary dysmenorrhea

YANG Lu,CAO Zhengyu,YU Boyang [他]
Experimental animals 64(3), 295-303, 2015-07
NAID 40020532499

An in vivo mouse model of primary dysmenorrhea

YANG Lu,CAO Zhengyu,YU Boyang,CHAI Chengzhi
Experimental Animals 64(3), 295-303, 2015
… After pretreated with estradiol benzoate (1 mg/kg/day) intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 3 consecutive days, non-pregnant female Imprinting Control Region mice (6–8 weeks old) was injected with 0.4 U of oxytocin to induce the stretching or writhing response which was recorded for a time period of 30 min. During the writhing period, the uterine artery blood flow alterations were examined by Doppler ultrasound detection. …
NAID 130005091027