関: USF

WordNet

be a contributing factor; "make things factor into a companys profitability"
any of the numbers (or symbols) that form a product when multiplied together
an independent variable in statistics
anything that contributes causally to a result; "a number of factors determined the outcome"
consider as relevant when making a decision; "You must factor in the recent developments" (同)factor in, factor out
resolve into factors; "a quantum computer can factor the number 15" (同)factor in, factor out
an event known to have happened or something known to have existed; "your fears have no basis in fact"; "how much of the story is fact and how much fiction is hard to tell"
a concept whose truth can be proved; "scientific hypotheses are not facts"
a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred; "first you must collect all the facts of the case"
a statement or assertion of verified information about something that is the case or has happened; "he supported his argument with an impressive array of facts"
in the direction against a streams current

PrepTutorEJDIC

(…の)『要因』,(…を生み出す)要素《+『in』+『名』(do『ing』)》 / 囲数,約数 / 代理人,《おもに英》仲買人 / =factorize
〈C〉『事実』,実際にある(あった)事 / 〈U〉真相,真実(truth) / 《the~》(法律用語で)犯行
上流に,流れおさかのぼって / 上流の

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1. 直接トロンビン阻害剤および直接Xa因子阻害剤による抗凝固療法 anticoagulation with direct thrombin inhibitors and direct factor xa inhibitors
2. 血友病患者における第VIIIおよび第IX因子阻害物質 factor viii and factor ix inhibitors in patients with hemophilia
3. 骨髄造血の制御 regulation of myelopoiesis
4. 第V因子ライデンおよび活性化プロテインC抵抗性：臨床症状および診断 factor v leiden and activated protein c resistance clinical manifestations and diagnosis
5. 後天性の凝固因子阻害物質 acquired inhibitors of coagulation

English Journal

Leishmania donovani activates uncoupling protein 2 transcription to suppress mitochondrial oxidative burst through differential modulation of SREBP2, Sp1 and USF1 transcription factors.

Basu Ball W1, Mukherjee M1, Srivastav S1, Das PK2.Author information 1Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India.2Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India. Electronic address: pijushdas@iicb.res.in.AbstractIn order to reside and multiply successfully within the host macrophages, Leishmania parasites impair the generation of cellular as well as mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is a major host defense mechanism against any invading pathogen. Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is strongly induced in Leishmania infection, both at mRNA and protein levels, to suppress the mitochondrial ROS generation. In the present study we have demonstrated that Leishmania donovani infection is associated with strong up-regulation of UCP2 at mRNA level which is the determining factor for its protein level upregulation. The transcriptional activation of UCP2 was mediated by increased nuclear translocation and DNA binding of sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP2) and specificity protein 1 (Sp1) transcription factors with concomitant decrease of both the nuclear content and the promoter occupancy of upstream stimulatory factor 1 (USF1). siRNA-mediated silencing of SREBP2 or Sp1 was associated with decreased UCP2 expression in infected macrophages. In contrast, downregulation of USF1 resulted in activated transcription of UCP2. L. donovani infection resulted in degradation of USF1 thereby facilitating SREBP2 binding which in turn assisted in the association of Sp1 with the promoter ultimately culminating in elevated transcription of UCP2.
The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology.Int J Biochem Cell Biol.2014 Mar;48:66-76. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2014.01.004. Epub 2014 Jan 10.
In order to reside and multiply successfully within the host macrophages, Leishmania parasites impair the generation of cellular as well as mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is a major host defense mechanism against any invading pathogen. Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is
PMID 24417972

Neuroprotective Effects of 3,6'-Disinapoyl Sucrose Through Increased BDNF Levels and CREB Phosphorylation via the CaMKII and ERK1/2 Pathway.

Hu Y1, Liu MY, Liu P, Dong X, Boran AD.Author information 1Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy Care Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 FuXing Road, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.Abstract3,6'-Disinapoyl sucrose (DISS) is an oligosaccharide ester natural product originating from the root of wild Polygala tenuifolia. Our previous reports suggested that DISS can have neuroprotective effects and antidepressive activity in rats, at least in part, by increased expression of cyclic AMP response element (CRE)-binding protein (CREB) and its downstream target protein, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The aim of the present study was to explore the mechanism of DISS-modulated BDNF and CREB expression. In this study, we confirmed its neuroprotective effect by showing that DISS, at concentrations above 30 μM, could promote the neuron cell viability and protected the glutamate and H2O2-induced toxicity in the human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell line. DISS treatment also increased acute (from 15 to 30 min) BDNF expression and CREB phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner. Pharmacological inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (ERK1/2), CaMKII, and Trk (with U0126, KN93, or K252a, respectively) partially attenuated the stimulatory effect of DISS on phospho-CREB and BDNF expression; however, it was not inhibited by pharmacological inhibition of PKA or PI3K (with H89 and LY294002, respectively). The results are consistent with the effects of DISS on CRE-directed gene transcription, as U0126 and KN-93 treatment also blocked the DISS-induced expression of the CRE-luciferase reporter gene. The results from the present study suggest that DISS-mediated regulation of BDNF gene expression is associated with CREB-mediated transcription of BDNF and upstream activation of ERK1/2 and CaMKII. Finally, DISS may exert neuroprotective and antidepressant effects through these signaling pathways in neuronal cells.
Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN.J Mol Neurosci.2014 Feb 4. [Epub ahead of print]
3,6'-Disinapoyl sucrose (DISS) is an oligosaccharide ester natural product originating from the root of wild Polygala tenuifolia. Our previous reports suggested that DISS can have neuroprotective effects and antidepressive activity in rats, at least in part, by increased expression of cyclic AMP res
PMID 24488601

Dissecting the function of the adult β-globin downstream promoter region using an artificial zinc finger DNA-binding domain.

Barrow JJ1, Li Y, Hossain M, Huang S, Bungert J.Author information 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Epigenetics, Genetics Institute, Shands Cancer Center, Powell-Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32610, FL, USA.AbstractDevelopmental stage-specific expression of the β-type globin genes is regulated by many cis- and trans-acting components. The adult β-globin gene contains an E-box located 60 bp downstream of the transcription start site that has been shown to bind transcription factor upstream stimulatory factor (USF) and to contribute to efficient in vitro transcription. We expressed an artificial zinc finger DNA-binding domain (ZF-DBD) targeting this site (+60 ZF-DBD) in murine erythroleukemia cells. Expression of the +60 ZF-DBD reduced the recruitment and elongation of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) at the adult β-globin gene and at the same time increased the binding of Pol II at locus control region (LCR) element HS2, suggesting that Pol II is transferred from the LCR to the globin gene promoters. Expression of the +60 ZF-DBD also reduced the frequency of interactions between the LCR and the adult β-globin promoter. ChIP-exonuclease-sequencing revealed that the +60ZF-DBD was targeted to the adult β-globin downstream promoter and that the binding of the ZF-DBD caused alterations in the association of USF2 containing protein complexes. The data demonstrate that targeting a ZF-DBD to the adult β-globin downstream promoter region interferes with the LCR-mediated recruitment and activity of Pol II.
Nucleic acids research.Nucleic Acids Res.2014 Feb 4. [Epub ahead of print]
Developmental stage-specific expression of the β-type globin genes is regulated by many cis- and trans-acting components. The adult β-globin gene contains an E-box located 60 bp downstream of the transcription start site that has been shown to bind transcription factor upstream stimulatory factor
PMID 24497190

Japanese Journal

Forkhead box A1 (FOXA1) and A2 (FOXA2) oppositely regulate human type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase gene in liver.

Kanamoto Naotetsu,Tagami Tetsuya,Ueda-Sakane Yoriko,Sone Masakatsu,Miura Masako,Yasoda Akihiro,Tamura Naohisa,Arai Hiroshi,Nakao Kazuwa
Endocrinology 153(1), 492-500, 2012-01
… EMSA demonstrated that FOXA1 and FOXA2 specifically bind to the FOXA binding site and that upstream stimulatory factor (USF) specifically binds to the E-box element. …
NAID 120005241346

Synaptic Plasticity-Regulated Gene Expression : a Key Event in the Long-Lasting Changes of Neuronal Function

Tabuchi Akiko
Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin 31(3), 327-335, 2008-03-01
… Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophin family member that has important roles in neuronal survival and plasticity as well as in psychiatric disorders. … Transcriptional activation of the BDNF gene is commonly regulated by a key transcription factor, cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), and this at least in part contributes to neuronal activity-dependent neuronal survival. …
NAID 110006623051

USF Inhibits Cell Proliferation through Delay in G2/M Phase in FRTL-5 Cells

JUNG HYE SEUNG,KIM KEUN-SOOK,CHUNG YUN JAE,CHUNG HYUN-KYUNG,MIN YONG-KI,LEE MYUNG-SHIK,LEE MOON-KYU,KIM KWANG-WON,CHUNG JAE HOON
Endocrine journal 54(2), 275-285, 2007-04-20
NAID 10019478737