WordNet

remarkable or out of the ordinary in degree or magnitude or effect; "a great crisis"; "had a great stake in the outcome"
a person who has achieved distinction and honor in some field; "he is one of the greats of American music"
of major significance or importance; "a great work of art"; "Einstein was one of the outstanding figures of the 20th centurey" (同)outstanding
relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind; "a great juicy steak"; "a great multitude"; "the great auk"; "a great old oak"; "a great ocean liner"; "a great delay"
a special situation; "this thing has got to end"; "it is a remarkable thing"
a separate and self-contained entity
an action; "how could you do such a thing?"
an artifact; "how does this thing work?"
an entity that is not named specifically; "I couldnt tell what the thing was"
any attribute or quality considered as having its own existence; "the thing I like about her is ..."
a persistent illogical feeling of desire or aversion; "he has a thing about seafood"; "she has a thing about him"
a special abstraction; "a thing of the spirit"; "things of the heart"
a special objective; "the thing is to stay in bounds"
a statement regarded as an object; "to say the same thing in other terms"; "how can you say such a thing?"
an event; "a funny thing happened on the way to the..."
any abnormal position of the organs of the body (同)heterotaxy
the act of reversing the order or place of (同)reversal
(electricity) a rearrangement of the relative positions of power lines in order to minimize the effects of mutual capacitance and inductance; "he wrote a textbook on the electrical effects of transposition"
(mathematics) the transfer of a quantity from one side of an equation to the other along with a change of sign
(music) playing in a different key from the key intended; moving the pitch of a piece of music upwards or downwards
(genetics) a kind of mutation in which a chromosomal segment is transfered to a new position on the same or another chromosome

PrepTutorEJDIC

(規模・範囲などが)『大きい』,巨大な / 『多数の』;『多量の』 / 『偉大な』,すぐれた;《the Great》《称号・肩書に用いて》 / (身分・地位などの)高い / 気高い,崇高な / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》重要な,重大な / 《人を表す名詞の前にのみ用いて》大の,たいへんな / 《話》すてきな,すばらしい / 《名詞的に》《the great》偉大な人たち,重要人物 / とても,すごく / とてもよく(very well) / 大物,花形
〈C〉(形のある)『物』,物体;(生物に対しての)『無生物』 / 〈C〉(形のない)『もの』,事,事柄,でき事 / 《複数形で》事情,事態,状勢,状況 / 《複数形で》(すべての)事物,事柄 / 《通例 the~》(努力・活動などの)目的,目標 / 〈C〉衣服,衣類・《one's things》持ち物,所持品,身の回り品 / 《複数形で》道具,用具・〈C〉《親愛・哀れみ・軽べつなどの感情をこめて》人,者,やつ / 《the~》《話》(…の)流行《+in+名》
置き換え,転位 / (数学で)移項 / (音楽で)移調
《所有・所属》…『の』,…のものである,…に属する・《材料・要素》…『でできた』,から成る・《部分》…『の』[『中の』] ・《数量・単位・種類を表す名詞に付いて》…の・《原因・動機》…『で』,のために(because of) ・《主格関係》…『の』,による,によって・《目的格関係》…『を』,の・《同格関係》…『という』・《関係・関連》…『についての』[『の』],の点で・《抽象名詞などと共に》…の[性質をもつ] ・《『It is』+『形』+『of』+『名』+『to』 doの形で,ofの後の名詞を意味上の主語として》・《分離》…『から』・《起原・出所》…『から』[『の』](out of) ・《『名』+『of』+『a』(『an』)+『名』の形で》…のような・《『名』+『of』+『mine』(『yours, his』など独立所有格)の形で》…の…・《時》(1)《副詞句を作って》…に《形容詞句を作って》…の・《時刻》《米》…前(to,《米》before)
《前述の名詞または文脈でそれと分かる名詞に付けて》『その』,あの,名の / 《唯一の事物に付けて》 / 《方角・自然現象に付けて》 / 《用具・楽器・特定の病気などに付けて》 / 《修飾吾[句]を伴う名詞に付けて》 / 《単数普通名詞に付けて》(1)《種族全体》…『というもの』 / 《複数名詞または集合名詞に付けて》 / 《単位》『…につき;…単位[で]』 / 《身体の一部に付けて,所有格に代わる》 / 《形容詞に付けて》 / 《固有名詞に付けて》 / 《強意用法に》『随一の』,典型的な / 《「the+比較級,the+比較級」の形で》『…すればするほどそれだけ』 / 《比較級の前に》(…につれて,のために)『それだけ』,ますます

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/10/12 23:44:42」(JST)

wiki en

Transposition of the great vessels (TGV) is a group of congenital heart defects involving an abnormal spatial arrangement of any of the great vessels: superior and/or inferior venae cavae, pulmonary artery, pulmonary veins, and aorta. Congenital heart diseases involving only the primary arteries (pulmonary artery and aorta) belong to a sub-group called transposition of the great arteries.

Variants

Subcostal echocardiographic view showing discordant ventriculoarterial connections together with the presence of parallel, rather than crossing, great arteries arising from the ventricles.

Echocardiography of a complex transposition with a ventricular septal defect and pulmonary stenosis.

Abbreviations: LV and RV=left and right ventricle, PT=pulmonary trunk, VSD=ventricular septal defect, PS=pulmonary stenosis.

Echocardiogram in transposition of the great arteries. This subcostal view shows the left ventricle giving rise to a vessel that bifurcates, which is thus identified as the pulmonary artery.

Abbreviations: RA=right atrium, RV=right ventricle, LV=left ventricle, PT=pulmonary trunk, LPA and RPA=left and right pulmonary artery.

Transposed vessels can present a large variety of atriovenous, ventriculoarterial and/or arteriovenous discordance. The effects may range from a change in blood pressure to an interruption in circulation, depending on the nature and degree of the misplacement and which vessels are involved.

Although "transposed" literally means "swapped", many types of TGV involve vessels that are in abnormal positions, while not actually being swapped with each other. The terms TGV and TGA are most commonly used in reference to dextro-TGA – in which the arteries are in swapped positions; however, both terms are also commonly used, though to a slightly lesser extent, in reference to levo-TGA – in which both the arteries and the ventricles are swapped; while other defects in this category are almost never referred to by either of these terms.

Dextro-Transposition of the great arteries

Normal heart anatomy compared to d-TGA

In dextro-Transposition of the great arteries (dextro-TGA) deoxygenated blood from the right heart is pumped immediately through the aorta and circulated to the body and the heart itself, bypassing the lungs altogether, while the left heart pumps oxygenated blood continuously back into the lungs through the pulmonary artery. In effect, two separate "circular" (parallel) circulatory systems are created. It is called a cyanotic congenital heart defect (CHD) because the newborn infant turns blue from lack of oxygen.

Levo-Transposition of the great arteries

Levo-Transposition of the great arteries is an acyanotic heart defect in which the primary arteries are transposed, with the aorta anterior and to the left of the pulmonary artery, and the morphological left and right ventricles are also transposed.

Simple and complex TGV

In many cases, TGV is accompanied by other heart defects, the most common type being intracardiac shunts such as atrial septal defect including patent foramen ovale, ventricular septal defect, and patent ductus arteriosus. Stenosis, or other defects, of valves and/or vessels may also be present.

When no other heart defects are present it is called 'simple' TGV; when other defects are present it is called 'complex' TGV.

Risk factors

Preexisting diabetes mellitus of a pregnant mother is a risk factor that has been described for the fetus having TGV.^[1]

X-ray showing characteristic finding in case of Transposition of the great vessels which is called egg on side sign

Diagnosis

On chest X-ray, transposition of the great vessels typically shows a cardio-mediastinal silhouette appearing as an "egg on a string", wherein in which the enlarged heart represents an egg on its side and the narrowed, atrophic thymus of the superior mediastinum represents the string.^[2]

Treatment

For newborns with transposition, prostaglandins can be given to keep the ductus arteriosus open which allows mixing of the otherwise isolated pulmonary and systemic circuits. Thus oxygenated blood that recirculates back to the lungs can mix with blood that circulates throughout the body. Surgical correction is the definitive treatment for a transposition.

History

TGV was first described in 1797 by Matthew Baillie.^[3]

References

^ Martins P, Castela E (2008). "Transposition of the great arteries". Orphanet J Rare Dis 3: 27. doi:10.1186/1750-1172-3-27. PMC 2577629. PMID 18851735.
^ Ferguson EC, Krishnamurthy R, Oldham SA (2007). "Classic imaging signs of congenital cardiovascular abnormalities". Radiographics 27 (5): 1323–34. doi:10.1148/rg.275065148. ISSN 0271-5333. PMID 17848694.
^ The Morbid Anatomy of Some of the Most Important Parts of the Human Body (1793)

External links

Understanding your child’s heart: Transposition of the Great Arteries; by the British Heart Foundation
Transposition of the Great Arteries (TGA) - Stanford Children's Health
Pediatric Heart Surgery
The Congenital Heart Surgery Video Project
Pediatric Cardiac Surgery: Repair of Transposition of the Great Arteries with Intact Ventricular Septum (TGA/IVS)
Diagram at kumc.edu
Transposition of the great arteries at Cardiopedia

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. L型大血管転位 l transposition of the great arteries
2. D型大血管転位の病態生理、臨床症状、および診断 pathophysiology clinical manifestations and diagnosis of d transposition of the great arteries
3. D型大血管転位のマネージメントおよび転帰 management and outcome of d transposition of the great arteries
4. 三尖弁（TV）閉鎖症 tricuspid valve tv atresia
5. 新生児におけるチアノーゼの心臓の原因 cardiac causes of cyanosis in the newborn

English Journal

Congenital Heart Surgery: Expected Versus Observed Surgical Performance According to the Aristotle Complexity Score.

Photiadis J, Sinzobahamvya N, Arenz C, Sata S, Haun C, Schindler E, Asfour B, Hraska V.SourcePediatric Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Deutsches Kinderherzzentrum Sankt Augustin, Sankt Augustin, Germany.
The Thoracic and cardiovascular surgeon.2011 May 9. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID 21557162

Prenatal diagnosis of fetal transposition of the great arteries.

Zhang Y, Cai A, Sun W.SourceDepartment of Sonography, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao St, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China. baogoubei@hotmail.com.
Circulation.2011 May 3;123(17):1919-20.
PMID 21537008

Japanese Journal

症例右側大動脈弓とKommerell憩室を合併した成人修正大血管転位症の1例

内科 117(5), 1248-1252, 2016-05
NAID 40020837823

症例修正大血管転位,心室中隔欠損,三尖弁閉鎖不全,肺高血圧に対し中年期に手術を施行した1例

胸部外科 = The
NAID 40020722794

症例報告 BNPを指標として運動負荷と身体活動管理を行った完全大血管転位Ⅰ型による重症成人心不全の1例

理学療法ジャーナル 50(2), 229-234, 2016-02
NAID 40020714864

Related Pictures

Corrected Transposition Of Great Arteries | www.pixshark.com - Images Galleries With A Medmovie.com | Transposition of the Great Arteries l-Transposition of the Great Arteries | American Heart Association

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「大血管転位症」「TGA」
拡張検索	「complete transposition of the great arteries」「l-transposition of the great arteries」
関連記事	「great」「thing」「transposition」

「大血管転位症」

Transposition of the great vessels
	Illustration of transposition of the great vessels
Classification and external resources
Specialty	medical genetics
ICD-10	Q20.3
ICD-9-CM	745.1
OMIM	608808
DiseasesDB	13259
MedlinePlus	001568
eMedicine	ped/2548
Patient UK	Transposition of the great vessels
MeSH	D014188