WordNet

a horses manner of moving
a persons manner of walking

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歩きぶり,足どり

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/02/13 22:45:40」(JST)

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Gait abnormality is a deviation from normal walking (gait). Watching a patient walk is the most important part of the neurological examination. Normal gait requires that many systems, including strength, sensation and coordination, function in an integrated fashion. Many common problems in the nervous system and musculoskeletal system will show up in the way a person walks.^[1]

Presentation and causes[edit]

Persons suffering from peripheral neuropathy experience numbness and tingling in their hands and feet. This can cause ambulation impairment, such as trouble climbing stairs or maintaining balance. Gait abnormality is also common in persons with nervous system problems such as Multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Myasthenia gravis, Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus, and Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease. Orthopedic corrective treatments may also manifest into gait abnormality, such as lower extremity amputation, post-fracture, and arthroplasty (joint replacement). Difficulty in ambulation that results from chemotherapy is generally temporary in nature, though recovery times of six months to a year are common. Likewise, difficulty in walking due to arthritis or joint pains (antalgic gait) sometimes resolves spontaneously once the pain is gone.^[2]^[3]

References[edit]

^ Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 16th ed., Ch. 346, Approach to the Paitent with Neurological Disease
^ Gait Abnormality Coding Checklist by Jun Mapili, PT, MAEd
^ ICD-9-cm Chrisenders

External links[edit]

Gait Abnormality Coding Checklist by Jun Mapili, PT, MAEd
Children's Hospital Boston
Classification
Case Study
Videos of various abnormal gaits

UpToDate Contents

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1. 高齢者における歩行障害 gait disorders of elderly patients
2. パーキンソン病の臨床症状 clinical manifestations of parkinson disease
3. 大脳皮質基底核変性症 corticobasal degeneration
4. 進行性核上性麻痺（PSP） progressive supranuclear palsy psp
5. ウェルニッケ脳症 wernickes encephalopathy

English Journal

When your heart is aflutter and you're weak at the knees: a case report.

Davidson A, Longman C, Farrugia M.SourceSouthern General Hospital.
Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry.J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry.2013 Nov;84(11):e2. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2013-306573.197.
A 49 year old gentleman presented to Neurology with a 10 year history of deteriorating mobility. He described an evolving bilateral foot drop from his mid-thirties, with progressive symptoms affecting his left hand, manifesting as difficulties performing fine tasks such as snapping his fingers. He a
PMID 24108974

Accurate and Reliable Gait Cycle Detection in Parkinson's Disease.

Hundza S, Hook W, Harris C, Mahajan S, Leslie P, Spani C, Spalteholz L, Birch B, Commandeur D, Livingston N.AbstractThere is a growing interest in the use of Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)-based systems that employ gyroscopes for gait analysis. We describe an improved IMU-based gait analysis processing method that uses gyroscope angular rate reversal to identify the start of each gait cycle during walking. In validation tests with six subjects with Parkinson disease (PD), including those with severe shuffling gait patterns, and seven controls, the probability of True-Positive event detection and False-Positive event detection was 100% and 0%, respectively. Stride time validation tests using high-speed cameras yielded a standard deviation of 6.6 ms for controls and 11.8 ms for those with PD. These data demonstrate that the use of our angular rate reversal algorithm leads to improvements over previous gyroscope-based gait analysis systems. Highly accurate and reliable stride time measurements enabled us to detect subtle changes in stride time variability following a Parkinson's exercise class. We found unacceptable measurement accuracy for stride length when using Aminian and colleague's gyro-based biomechanical algorithm, with errors as high as 30% in PD subjects. An alternative method, using synchronized infrared timing gates to measure velocity, combined with accurate mean stride time from our angular rate reversal algorithm, more accurately calculates mean stride length.
IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society.IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng.2013 Oct 22. [Epub ahead of print]
There is a growing interest in the use of Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)-based systems that employ gyroscopes for gait analysis. We describe an improved IMU-based gait analysis processing method that uses gyroscope angular rate reversal to identify the start of each gait cycle during walking. In va
PMID 24158491

Bilateral cerebellar hemorrhage in vermian vein thrombosis.

Lattanzi S, Provinciali L, Silvestrini M.SourceFrom the Neurological Clinic, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy.
Neurology.Neurology.2013 Oct 8;81(15):1364-5. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182a824e1.
A 67-year-old previously healthy man presented with sudden onset of headache, vomiting, and instability of stance and gait. Neurologic examination demonstrated bilateral dysmetria of the limbs, ataxia, and scanning speech. Neuroimaging showed bilateral cerebellar hemorrhage and altered signal of the
PMID 24101748