WordNet

any mechanical force that tends to retard or oppose motion
the capacity of an organism to defend itself against harmful environmental agents; "these trees are widely planted because of their resistance to salt and smog"
the action of opposing something that you disapprove or disagree with; "he encountered a general feeling of resistance from many citizens"; "despite opposition from the newspapers he went ahead" (同)opposition
(psychiatry) an unwillingness to bring repressed feelings into conscious awareness
group action in opposition to those in power
the military action of resisting the enemys advance; "the enemy offered little resistance"
the degree of unresponsiveness of a disease-causing microorganism to antibiotics or other drugs (as in penicillin-resistant bacteria)
be a contributing factor; "make things factor into a companys profitability"
any of the numbers (or symbols) that form a product when multiplied together
an independent variable in statistics
anything that contributes causally to a result; "a number of factors determined the outcome"
consider as relevant when making a decision; "You must factor in the recent developments" (同)factor in, factor out
resolve into factors; "a quantum computer can factor the number 15" (同)factor in, factor out
an event known to have happened or something known to have existed; "your fears have no basis in fact"; "how much of the story is fact and how much fiction is hard to tell"
a concept whose truth can be proved; "scientific hypotheses are not facts"
a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred; "first you must collect all the facts of the case"
a statement or assertion of verified information about something that is the case or has happened; "he supported his argument with an impressive array of facts"

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈U〉〈C〉(…に)『抵抗』(『反抗』)『すること』;(…を)『こらえること』《+『to』(『against』)+『名』(do『ing』)》 / 〈U〉(病気などに対する)『抵抗力』《+『against』(『to』)+『名』》 / 〈U〉〈C〉(またresistance movement)(権力・圧制に対する)抵抗運動,レジスタンス / 〈U〉(空気の)抵抗;(電気の)抵抗
(…の)『要因』,(…を生み出す)要素《+『in』+『名』(do『ing』)》 / 囲数,約数 / 代理人,《おもに英》仲買人 / =factorize
〈C〉『事実』,実際にある(あった)事 / 〈U〉真相,真実(truth) / 《the~》(法律用語で)犯行

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/06/14 07:38:48」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

Resistance transfer factor (shortened as R-factor or RTF) is an old name for a plasmid that codes for antibiotic resistance. Often, R-factors code for more than one antibiotic resistance factor: genes that encode resistance to unrelated antibiotics may be carried on a single R-factor, sometimes up to 8 different resistances. Many R-factors can pass from one bacterium to another through bacterial conjugation and are a common means by which antibiotic resistance spreads between bacterial species, genera and even families. For example RP1, a plasmid that encodes resistance to ampicillin, tetracycline and kanamycin originated in a species of Pseudomonas, from the Family Pseudomonadaceae, but can also be maintained in bacteria belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae, such as Escherichia coli.

Transmission

Bacteria containing F-factors (said to be "F+") have the capability for horizontal gene transfer; they can construct a sex pilus, which emerges from the donor bacterium and ensnares the recipient bacterium, draws it in, and eventually triggers the formation of a mating bridge, merging the cytoplasms of two bacteria via a controlled pore. This pore allows the transfer of genetic material, such as a plasmid. Conjugation allows two bacteria, not necessarily from the same species, to transfer genetic material one way. Since many R-factors contain F-plasmids, antibiotic resistance can be easily spread among a population of bacteria. Also, R-factors can be taken up by "DNA pumps" in their membranes via transformation, or less commonly through viral mediated transduction, although conjugation is the most common means of antibiotic resistance spread.

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1. 第V因子ライデンおよび活性化プロテインC抵抗性：臨床症状および診断 factor v leiden and activated protein c resistance clinical manifestations and diagnosis
2. HIV薬剤耐性検査アッセイの概要 overview of hiv drug resistance testing assays
3. メチシリン耐性黄色ブドウ球菌の微生物学 microbiology of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus
4. β-ラクタム系抗生物質：作用機序、耐性および有害作用 beta lactam antibiotics mechanisms of action and resistance and adverse effects
5. 稀な遺伝性凝固異常 rare inherited coagulation disorders

English Journal

A theory of ventilation estimate over hypothetical urban areas.

Liu CH1, Ng CT2, Wong CC2.
Journal of hazardous materials.J Hazard Mater.2015 Oct 15;296:9-16. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.04.018. Epub 2015 Apr 9.
Urban roughness is a major factor governing the flows and scalar transport in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) but our understanding is rather limited. The ventilation and pollutant removal of hypothetical urban areas consisting of various types of street canyons are examined using computational
PMID 25901939

The relationship between TNF alpha gene polymorphisms (-238/-308), TNF RII VNTR (p75) and outcomes of hepatitis B virus infection in Tunisian population.

Sghaier I1, Zidi S2, Mouelhi L3, Dabbech R3, Ghazouani E4, Brochot E5, Stayoussef M6, Yacoubi-Loueslati B2.
Gene.Gene.2015 Sep 1;568(2):140-5. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.05.029. Epub 2015 May 14.
The present study was undertaken to investigate the association between Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection and polymorphisms of tumour necrosis factor alpha TNF-α -308 G>A, TNF-α -238 G>A and TNF RII VNTR (p75) gene promoter in a Tunisian population. Blood samples were collected from 100 Tuni
PMID 25982858

The role of complement factor C3 in lipid metabolism.

Barbu A1, Hamad OA2, Lind L3, Ekdahl KN2, Nilsson B2.
Molecular immunology.Mol Immunol.2015 Sep;67(1):101-107. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.02.027. Epub 2015 Mar 6.
Abundant reports have shown that there is a strong relationship between C3 and C3a-desArg levels, adipose tissue, and risk factors for cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome and diabetes. The data indicate that complement components, particularly C3, are involved in lipid metabolism. The C3 frag
PMID 25746915

Japanese Journal

樹脂フィルムの熱変形シミュレーション

奥成貴大,宮田一乘
情報処理学会研究報告. グラフィクスとCAD研究会報告 2014-CG-154(19), 1-8, 2014-02-13
本報告では,商品梱包で用いられるパッキング形状を,CG で表現する手法を提案する.パッキングはその透明性や光沢性から,商品価値を高める要因として重要視されている.パッキングには加熱することで収縮変形する樹脂フィルムが用いられており,フィルム表面上の熱分布により様々な収縮が見られる.提案手法では,質点バネモデルをベースに樹脂フィルムをモデル化し,バネ係数及び抵抗係数の熱による変化を取り入れることで熱 …
NAID 110009665083

Dependence of Efficiency on Wire Type and Number of Strands of Litz Wire for Wireless Power Transfer of Magnetic Resonant Coupling

Mizuno Tsutomu,Ueda Takuto,Yachi Shintaro,Ohtomo Ryuhei,Goto Yoshihito
IEEJ Journal of Industry Applications 3(1), 35-40, 2014
… To achieve this, it is necessary to improve the transmission efficiency of the coils used in wireless power transfer, that is, to improve the quality factor and coupling coefficient of the coils. … To improve the quality factor of the coils, the authors propose the use of a litz wire with a magnetoplated wire (MPW), which is a copper wire plated with a thin iron film. …
NAID 130003388503

Hybrid Transparent Conductive Films of Multilayer Graphene and Metal Grid for Organic Photovoltaics

Kim Sung Man,Walker Bright,Seo Jung Hwa [他],Kang Seong Jun
Jpn J Appl Phys 52(12), 125103-125103-4, 2013-12-25
… The optical transmittance was found to be 87% at a wavelength of 550 nm, while the sheet resistance was measured to be 28 \pm 7.9 \Omega/square. … The device characteristics of OSCs prepared on the hybrid films include an open circuit voltage of 0.58 V, a short circuit current of 8.05 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, a fill factor of 51%, and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 2.38%. … This improvement can be attributed to the reduced sheet resistance of the hybrid film. …
NAID 40019923867