WordNet

an automatic instinctive unlearned reaction to a stimulus (同)reflex response, reflex action, instinctive reflex, innate reflex, inborn reflex, unconditioned_reflex, physiological reaction
involuntary urination or defecation (同)incontinency
(of leaves) bent downward and outward more than 90 degrees

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At-home genital nerve stimulation for individuals with SCI and neurogenic detrusor overactivity: A pilot feasibility study.

Bourbeau DJ, Gustafson KJ, Brose SW.
The journal of spinal cord medicine. 2019 May;42(3)360-370.
Neurogenic bladder dysfunction, including neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) is one of the most clinically significant problems for persons with spinal cord injury (SCI), affecting health and quality of life. Genital nerve stimulation (GNS) can acutely inhibit NDO-related reflex bladder contract
PMID 29334338

Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae in cats and its relationship to lumbosacral vertebral canal stenosis.

Harris G, Ball J, De Decker S.
Journal of feline medicine and surgery. 2019 Apr;21(4)286-292.
Although a clear relationship has been demonstrated between the presence of lumbosacral transitional vertebrae and the development of lumbosacral stenosis in dogs, this relationship has not been evaluated in cats. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the presence of lumb
PMID 29788831

Does Bilateral Deep Brain Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus Modify Ano-Rectal Motility in Parkinson's Disease? Results of a Randomized Cross-Over Study.

Gourcerol G, Maltete D, Chastan N, Welter ML, Leroi AM, Derrey S.
Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society. 2019 Mar;().
Ano-rectal motility impairment is often observed during Parkinson's disease (PD), generating symptoms as constipation and/or incontinence with impaired quality of life. Subthalamic nuclei (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) improves motor symptoms of PD, but its effects on anorectal motility are unkn
PMID 30908813

Neurophysiology and therapeutic receptor targets for stress urinary incontinence

真性尿失禁(狭義？) true incontinence：尿道括約筋の不全により尿の常時流出。先天異常、外傷、骨髄内手術などの合併症。
緊張性尿失禁 stress incontinence：尿道括約筋の軽度不全により腹圧の上昇により少量の尿が漏れる。妊娠・分娩、運動不足。
切迫性尿失禁 urge incontinence：膀胱過敏状態/橋での脱抑制/オヌフ核への異常経路の形成により強い尿意を有して耐えきれず尿流出。膀胱炎、神経因性膀胱(求心路(+)。大脳～橋 or 橋～仙髄の障害)。
反射性尿失禁 reflex incontinence：オヌフ核への異常経路の形成により強い尿意を有して耐えきれず尿流出。神経因性膀胱(求心路(-)。橋～仙髄の障害)。
溢流性尿失禁 overflow incontinence：慢性尿閉で残尿が大量となり、膀胱内圧が上昇し、尿道内圧より高くなった場合に尿が流出。前立腺肥大症、高度尿道狭窄、神経因性膀胱。