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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/04/02 00:14:33」(JST)

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Pterin is a heterocyclic compound composed of a pteridine ring system, with a keto group and an amino group on positions 4 and 2 respectively. Several tautomers of pterin exist and are shown below. Derivatives of pterin include pterins and folates.

Pterins, as a group, are compounds that are derivatives of the basic pterin structure, described in the beginning, with additional functional groups attached to the pyrazine subring. Pterins were first discovered in the pigments of butterfly wings (hence the origin of their name, from the Greek pteron (πτερόν),^[1] wing) and perform many roles in coloration in the biological world. Pterins also function as cofactors in enzyme catalysis.

Folates are “conjugated” pterins that contain p-aminobenzoic acid (known as pteroic acid) and L-glutamates connected to the methyl group at position 6 of the pteridine ring system. They are critical compounds in a large number of biological group transfer reactions. These folate-dependent biosynthetic reactions include the transfer of methyl groups from 5-methyltetrahydrofolate to homocysteine to form L-methionine, and the transfer of formyl groups from 10-formyltetrahydrofolate to L-methionine to form N-formylmethionine in initiator tRNAs.

Tautomers of pterin

2-aminopteridin-4(1H)-one
2-aminopteridin-4(3H)-one
2-aminopteridin-4(8H)-one
2-imino-2,3-dihydropteridin-4(1H)-one
2-aminopteridin-4-ol

Biosynthesis

The biosynthesis of pterins begins with the molecule guanosine triphosphate (GTP); the enzyme that controls the conversion of GTP to pterin, GTP cyclohydrolase I, is found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Other pterins

Pterin can exist in many different forms in nature depending on its function. Tetrahydrobiopterin, the major unconjugated pteridine in vertebrates, is a co-factor in the hydroxylation of aromatic compounds and synthesis of nitric oxide. Molybdopterin is a substituted pteridine that binds molybdenum to yield redox cofactors involved in biological hydroxylations, reduction of nitrate, and respiratory oxidation. Tetrahydromethanopterin is used in methanogenic organisms. Cyanopterin is a glycosylated version of pteridine of unknown function in cyanobacteria.

References

^ πτερόν. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project

External links

http://grupoargentinodefotobiologia.info/grupos/pteridinas/e_index.html

English Journal

Impact-induced muscle damage and urinary pterins in professional rugby: 7,8-dihydroneopterin oxidation by myoglobin.

Lindsay A1, Healy J, Mills W, Lewis J, Gill N, Draper N, Gieseg SP.
Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports.Scand J Med Sci Sports.2015 Mar 13. doi: 10.1111/sms.12436. [Epub ahead of print]
Muscle damage caused through impacts in rugby union is known to increase oxidative stress and inflammation. Pterins have been used clinically as markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and neurotransmitter synthesis. This study investigates the release of myoglobin from muscle tissue due to force
PMID 25772829

Spectral characterization of a pteridine derivative from cyanide-utilizing bacterium Bacillus subtilis - JN989651.

Durairaju Nisshanthini S1, Teresa Infanta S AK, Raja DS, Natarajan K, Palaniswamy M, Angayarkanni J.
Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea).J Microbiol.2015 Mar 4. [Epub ahead of print]
Soil and water samples were collected from various regions of SIPCOT and nearby Vanappadi Lake, Ranipet, Tamilnadu, India. Based on their colony morphology and their stability during subculturing, 72 bacteria were isolated, of which 14 isolates were actinomycetes. Preliminary selection was carried o
PMID 25740375

Recent developments in the study of molybdoenzyme models.

Basu P1, Burgmayer SJ.
Journal of biological inorganic chemistry : JBIC : a publication of the Society of Biological Inorganic Chemistry.J Biol Inorg Chem.2015 Mar;20(2):373-83. doi: 10.1007/s00775-014-1228-0. Epub 2015 Jan 13.
Over the past two decades, a plethora of crystal structures of molybdenum enzymes has appeared in the literature providing a clearer picture of the enzymatic active sites and increasing the challenge to chemists to develop accurate models for those sites. In this minireview we discuss the most recen
PMID 25578808

Japanese Journal

太陽光照射によるツマグロキチョウの翅の色彩変化

棚橋一郎,御船藤志,平井規央 [他],石井実
蝶と蛾 65(1), 44-49, 2014-04-25
ツマグロキチョウEurema laeta bethesebaの腹側翅に太陽光,254nmおよび532nmの波長の光を室温で照射したときの翅の色彩変化について検討した.雌雄のツマグロキチョウの翅の反射スペクトルおよびフォトルミネッセンススペクトルを測定し,雌雄での翅の色彩変化の違いについても検討した.腹側翅は,太陽光と254nmの光照射により次第に黄色から黄褐色に色彩が変化した.一方,暗所に保存した …
NAID 110009815533

Three New Pteridines from the Leech Whitmania pigra

LI Tao,WANG Guo-Cai,WANG Chun-Hua,YE Wen-Cai
Chemistry letters 42(9), 983-985, 2013-09-05
… Chemical investigation on the dried material of the leech Whitmania pigra has led to the isolation of three new pteridines, including two new lumazines bearing a thieno[3,2-g]lumazine skeleton, whitmanines A and B (1 and 2) and a new pterin, 5,8-dimethylleucopterin (3). …
NAID 10031194314

Search for pterin-binding protein from Euglena

Takeda Junko,Nakashima Minori,Ueno Hiroshi [他]
Journal of biological macromolecules 13(1), 13-20, 2013-06
NAID 40019784844

「プテリン」

Pterin
Names
	IUPAC names 2-aminopteridin-4(3H)-one; (one of five tautomers)
	Other names Pteridoxamine; Pterine; 4-Oxopterin; 2-Amino-4-pteridone; 2-Amino-4-hydroxypteridine; 2-Amino-4-oxopteridine; 2-aminopteridin-4-ol; 2-Amino-4-pteridinol
Identifiers
CAS Number	2236-60-4
ChEBI	CHEBI:44992
ChEMBL	ChEMBL278009
ChemSpider	65806
Jmol interactive 3D	Image
PubChem	73000
	InChI InChI=1S/C6H5N5O/c7-6-10-4-3(5(12)11-6)8-1-2-9-4/h1-2H,(H3,7,9,10,11,12) Key: HNXQXTQTPAJEJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/C6H5N5O/c7-6-10-4-3(5(12)11-6)8-1-2-9-4/h1-2H,(H3,7,9,10,11,12) Key: HNXQXTQTPAJEJL-UHFFFAOYAD ;
	SMILES O=C2\N=C(/Nc1nccnc12)N ;
Properties
Chemical formula	C6H5N5O
Molar mass	163.137
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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	Infobox references

　　[★]

英: pterin
関: 葉酸、テトラヒドロビオプテリン(THB)

補酵素として働くテトラヒドロビオプテリンの材料となる。
グアニン三リン酸から合成される

「6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase」

　　[★] 6-ピルボイルテトラヒドロプテリンシンターゼ

「tetrahydrobiopterin-synthesizing enzyme」

　　[★] テトラヒドロビオプテリン合成酵素

「dihydrobiopterin」

　　[★]

ジヒドロビオプテリン

[1] πτερόν. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project

リンク元	「プテリン」
拡張検索	「6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase」「tetrahydrobiopterin-synthesizing enzyme」「dihydrobiopterin」

匿名

検索

案内

案内

pterin