WordNet

lengthen or extend in duration or space; "We sustained the diplomatic negotiations as long as possible"; "prolong the treatment of the patient"; "keep up the good work" (同)sustain, keep_up
lengthen in time; cause to be or last longer; "We prolonged our stay"; "She extended her visit by another day"; "The meeting was drawn out until midnight" (同)protract, extend, draw_out
respiratory disease characterized by inflammation of the lung parenchyma (excluding the bronchi) with congestion caused by viruses or bacteria or irritants
a rope fitted with a hook and used for towing a gun carriage

PrepTutorEJDIC

(時間的・空間的に)‥‘を'『延ばす』,『延長する』
肺炎
長引く,長期の

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1. 小児における市中肺炎：臨床的特徴および診断 community acquired pneumonia in children clinical features and diagnosis
2. 小児における肺炎：入院治療 pneumonia in children inpatient treatment
3. 成人における市中肺炎に対する診断的アプローチ diagnostic approach to community acquired pneumonia in adults
4. 入院を要する成人における市中肺炎の治療 treatment of community acquired pneumonia in adults who require hospitalization
5. 細菌性肺炎の評価のための喀痰培養 sputum cultures for the evaluation of bacterial pneumonia

English Journal

Surgical risk factors for post-operative pneumonia following meningioma resection.

Oh T1, Safaee M2, Sun MZ2, Garcia RM2, McDermott MW2, Parsa AT1, Bloch O3.Author information 1Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.2Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, USA.3Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. Electronic address: orin.bloch@northwestern.edu.AbstractOBJECTIVE: Post-operative pneumonia (PNA) is a significant cause of surgically associated morbidity and mortality. We aimed to identify intraoperative factors during meningioma surgery that were associated with a high risk of post-operative PNA to risk-stratify patients and improve outcomes.
Clinical neurology and neurosurgery.Clin Neurol Neurosurg.2014 Mar;118:76-9. doi: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2013.12.017. Epub 2014 Jan 6.
OBJECTIVE: Post-operative pneumonia (PNA) is a significant cause of surgically associated morbidity and mortality. We aimed to identify intraoperative factors during meningioma surgery that were associated with a high risk of post-operative PNA to risk-stratify patients and improve outcomes.METHODS:
PMID 24529234

Adenovirus respiratory infection in hospitalized children in Hong Kong: serotype-clinical syndrome association and risk factors for lower respiratory tract infection.

Chau SK1, Lee SL, Peiris MJ, Chan KH, Chan E, Wong W, Chiu SS.Author information 1Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR.AbstractLower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) caused by adenovirus can be severe with resultant chronic pulmonary sequelae. More than 50 serotypes have been recognized; however, the exact association of serotype with clinical phenotype is still unclear. There have been no reports on the adenovirus serotype pattern in Hong Kong, and their relationships with disease manifestations and complications are not known. Clinical and epidemiological data on 287 children (<6 years old) admitted with adenovirus respiratory infections from 2001 to 2004 were reviewed. Common presenting symptoms included fever (97.9 %) and cough and rhinitis (74 %). Extra-pulmonary manifestations were present in 37.3 %. The clinical picture mimicked bacterial infection for its prolonged high fever and neutrophilic blood picture. Forty-two patients (14.6 %) had LRTI, either pneumonia or acute bronchiolitis, but none had severe acute respiratory compromise. Children aged 1 to 2 years old were most at risk for adenovirus LRTI (adjusted p = 0.0165). Serotypes 1 to 7 could be identified in 93.7 % of the nasopharyngeal specimens, with serotypes 2 and 3 being the most prevalent. Different serotypes showed predilection for different age groups and with different respiratory illness association. The majority of acute bronchiolitis (71.4 %) were associated with serotype 2 infection, and this association was statistically significant (p < 0.0001). Serotype 3 infection accounted for over half of the pneumonia cases (57-75 %) in those aged 3-5 years old. Only one patient developed mild bronchiectasis after serotype 7 pneumonia. Children aged 1 to 2 years old were the at-risk group for adenovirus LRTI, but respiratory morbidity was relatively mild in our locality. There was an apparent serotype-respiratory illness association.
European journal of pediatrics.Eur J Pediatr.2014 Mar;173(3):291-301. doi: 10.1007/s00431-013-2127-z. Epub 2013 Aug 31.
Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) caused by adenovirus can be severe with resultant chronic pulmonary sequelae. More than 50 serotypes have been recognized; however, the exact association of serotype with clinical phenotype is still unclear. There have been no reports on the adenovirus serot
PMID 23995960

Ventilator-associated pneumonia: overdiagnosis and treatment are common in medical and surgical intensive care units.

Nussenblatt V1, Avdic E, Berenholtz S, Daugherty E, Hadhazy E, Lipsett PA, Maragakis LL, Perl TM, Speck K, Swoboda SM, Ziai W, Cosgrove SE.Author information 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.AbstractObjective. Diagnosing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is difficult, and misdiagnosis can lead to unnecessary and prolonged antibiotic treatment. We sought to quantify and characterize unjustified antimicrobial use for VAP and identify risk factors for continuation of antibiotics in patients without VAP after 3 days. Methods. Patients suspected of having VAP were identified in 6 adult intensive care units (ICUs) over 1 year. A multidisciplinary adjudication committee determined whether the ICU team's VAP diagnosis and therapy were justified, using clinical, microbiologic, and radiographic data at diagnosis and on day 3. Outcomes included the proportion of VAP events misdiagnosed as and treated for VAP on days 1 and 3 and risk factors for the continuation of antibiotics in patients without VAP after day 3. Results. Two hundred thirty-one events were identified as possible VAP by the ICUs. On day 1, 135 (58.4%) of them were determined to not have VAP by the committee. Antibiotics were continued for 120 (76%) of 158 events without VAP on day 3. After adjusting for acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II score and requiring vasopressors on day 1, sputum culture collection on day 3 was significantly associated with antibiotic continuation in patients without VAP. Patients without VAP or other infection received 1,183 excess days of antibiotics during the study. Conclusions. Overdiagnosis and treatment of VAP was common in this study and led to 1,183 excess days of antibiotics in patients with no indication for antibiotics. Clinical differences between non-VAP patients who had antibiotics continued or discontinued were minimal, suggesting that clinician preferences and behaviors contribute to unnecessary prescribing.
Infection control and hospital epidemiology : the official journal of the Society of Hospital Epidemiologists of America.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol.2014 Mar;35(3):278-84. doi: 10.1086/675279. Epub 2014 Feb 3.
Objective. Diagnosing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is difficult, and misdiagnosis can lead to unnecessary and prolonged antibiotic treatment. We sought to quantify and characterize unjustified antimicrobial use for VAP and identify risk factors for continuation of antibiotics in patients
PMID 24521594