WordNet

move suddenly, energetically, or violently; "He burst out of the house into the cool night"
break open or apart suddenly and forcefully; "The dam burst" (同)bust
come open suddenly and violently, as if from internal pressure; "The bubble burst" (同)split, break_open
a sudden flurry of activity (often for no obvious reason); "a burst of applause"; "a fit of housecleaning" (同)fit
emerge suddenly; "The sun burst into view"
remove the burrs from (同)burr
seed vessel having hooks or prickles (同)burr
small bit used in dentistry or surgery (同)burr
taking place in the presence of oxygen; "oxidative glycolysis"; "oxidative rancidity"

PrepTutorEJDIC

『破裂する』,爆発する / 〈つぼみが〉ほころびる / 《通例進行形で》(…で)はちきれそうにいっぱいである《+『with』+『名』》 / 『急に(…)する』 / …'を'破裂させる,爆発させる,破る / (…の)『破裂』,爆発《+『of』+『名』》 / (…の)『突発』《+『of』+『名』》

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/07/30 13:11:12」(JST)

wiki en

Respiratory burst (sometimes called oxidative burst) is the rapid release of reactive oxygen species (superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide) from different types of cells.

Usually it denotes the release of these chemicals from immune cells, e.g., neutrophils and monocytes, as they come into contact with different bacteria or fungi. They are also released from the ovum of higher animals after the ovum has been fertilized. These substances can also be released from plant cells.

Respiratory burst plays an important role in the immune system. It is a crucial reaction that occurs in phagocytes to degrade internalized particles and bacteria.

NADPH oxidase, an enzyme family in the vasculature (in particular, in vascular disease), produces superoxide, which spontaneously recombines with other molecules to produce reactive free radicals. The superoxide reacts with NO, resulting in the formation of peroxynitrite, reducing the bioactive NO needed to dilate terminal arterioles, feed arteries and resistance arteries. Superoxide anion, peroxynitrite, and other reactive oxygen species also lead to pathology via peroxidation of proteins and lipids, and via activation of redox sensitive signaling cascades and protein nitrosylation. NADPH oxidase activation has been suggested to depend on prior PKC activation.^[1] Myeloperoxidase uses the reactive oxygen species hydrogen peroxide to produce hypochlorous acid. Many vascular stimuli, including all those known to lead to insulin resistance, activate NADPH oxidase via both increased gene expression and complex activation mechanisms.

To combat infections, immune cells use NADPH oxidase to reduce O₂ to oxygen free radical and then H₂O₂. Neutrophils and monocytes utilize myeloperoxidase to further combine H₂O₂ with Cl^- to produce hypochlorite, which plays a role in destroying bacteria. Absence of NADPH oxidase will prevent the formation of reactive oxygen species and will result in chronic granulomatous disease.

References

^ Inoguchi T, Sonta T, Tsubouchi H, Etoh T, Kakimoto M, Sonoda N, Sato N, Sekiguchi N, Kobayashi K, Sumimoto H, Utsumi H, Nawata H (2003). "Protein kinase C-dependent increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in vascular tissues of diabetes: role of vascular NAD(P)H oxidase". J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 14 (8 Suppl 3): S227–32. DOI:10.1097/01.ASN.0000077407.90309.65. PMID 12874436. Free full text

External links

Respiratory+burst at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This medical article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 免疫系の臨床検査評価 laboratory evaluation of the immune system
2. 慢性肉芽腫性疾患：病因、臨床症状、および診断 chronic granulomatous disease pathogenesis clinical manifestations and diagnosis
3. 免疫不全症を引き起こすミエロペルオキシダーゼ欠損症および酵素白血球欠損症 myeloperoxidase deficiency and other enzymatic wbc defects causing immunodeficiency
4. 好中球減少症および好中球機能不全の検査での評価 laboratory evaluation of neutropenia and neutrophil dysfunction
5. マラリアの発症機序 pathogenesis of malaria

English Journal

A role for melatonin in maintaining the pro- and anti-inflammatory balance by influencing leukocyte migration and apoptosis in carp.

Kepka M1, Szwejser E1, Pijanowski L1, Verburg-van Kemenade BM2, Chadzinska M3.
Developmental and comparative immunology.Dev Comp Immunol.2015 Nov;53(1):179-90. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2015.07.011. Epub 2015 Jul 15.
Melatonin is responsible for the synchronization of many physiological processes, including the immune response. Here we focus on the expression of melatonin MT1 receptors in/on leukocytes, and on the effects of melatonin administration on the inflammatory processes of carp. For the first time, we s
PMID 26188098

Stem bark and flower extracts of Vismia cauliflora are highly effective antioxidants to human blood cells by preventing oxidative burst in neutrophils and oxidative damage in erythrocytes.

Ribeiro AB1, Berto A, Ribeiro D, Freitas M, Chisté RC, Visentainer JV, Fernandes E.
Pharmaceutical biology.Pharm Biol.2015 Nov;53(11):1691-8. doi: 10.3109/13880209.2014.1001407. Epub 2015 Apr 14.
CONTEXT: Vismia cauliflora A.C.Sm. [Hypericaceae (Clusiaceae)] is an Amazonian plant traditionally used by indigenous population to treat dermatosis and inflammatory processes of the skin. Previous research on V. cauliflora extracts suggests its potential to neutralize cellular oxidative damages rel
PMID 25868622

Inhibitory effect of plant phenolics on fMLP-induced intracellular calcium rise and chemiluminescence of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes and their chemotactic activity in vitro.

Nowak PJ1, Zasowska-Nowak A, Bialasiewicz P, de Graft-Johnson J, Nowak D, Nowicki M.
Pharmaceutical biology.Pharm Biol.2015 Nov;53(11):1661-70. doi: 10.3109/13880209.2014.1001403. Epub 2015 Apr 9.
CONTEXT: Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) produce oxidants, contributing to systemic oxidative stress. Diets rich in plant polyphenols seem to decrease the risk of oxidative stress-induced disorders including cardiovascular disease.OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine the in vitr
PMID 25856712

Japanese Journal

Evaluation of Neutrophil Function during Hemodialysis Treatment in Healthy Dogs under Anesthesia with Sevoflurane

SHIMAMURA Shunsuke,KIMURA Ken,KATAYAMA Masaaki,MASHITA Tadahisa,MAEDA Kenichi,KOBAYASHI Saori,SATO Reeko,YASUDA Jun
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 76(11), 1539-1543, 2014
… Isolated neutrophils were used to assess neutrophil adhesion, phagocytosis and the oxidative burst. …
NAID 130004677729

柔道稽古後の筋損傷と好中球活性酸素種産生能の関連について

工藤久,八重垣誠,高橋一平 [他],Umeda Takashi,Sawada Kaori,Okubo Noriyuki,Yamamoto Yousuke,Nakaji Shigeyuki
弘前醫學 64(2/3/4), 176-185, 2014
… and the major neutrophil immune functions such as oxidative burst activity （OBA） and phagocytic activity （PA） were measured in 39 male university judoists before（pre value） and after 2 hours of unified exercise loading. …
NAID 110009758630

Isolation and characterization of an asparagine-rich protein that regulates hypersensitive cell death-mediated resistance in Nicotiana plants

Komori Daisuke,Nishihara Masahiro,Takahashi Akiko [他],GUPTA Meenu,YOSHIOKA Hirofumi,MIZUMOTO Hiroyuki,OHNISHI Kouhei,HIKICHI Yasufumi,KIBA Akinori
Plant biotechnology 29(3), 293-300, 2012-06-25
… Expression of HR-related hin1 and onset of the oxidative burst were delayed in NbARP-silenced plants, and induction of myelin basic kinase activity was reduced. …
NAID 10030804810

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「酸化的バースト」「ミエロペルオキシダーゼ」「酸化バースト」
関連記事	「burst」「bur」「oxidative」「bursting」