WordNet

remove the burrs from (同)burr
seed vessel having hooks or prickles (同)burr
small bit used in dentistry or surgery (同)burr
the treasurer at a college or university
a traditional Tibetan funeral ritual in which the corpse is exposed to the open air to be eaten by sacred vultures
(archeology) a heap of earth placed over prehistoric tombs (同)grave mound, barrow, tumulus
suffering from windburn (同)windburnt

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/10/03 05:21:48」(JST)

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For other uses, see BUR (disambiguation) and Burr (disambiguation).

Burs as seen in the UK.

Burs in rural Indiana

A bur (also spelled burr) is a seed or dry fruit or infructescence in which the seeds bear hooks or teeth which attach themselves to fur or clothing of passing animals or people. The hooks or teeth can be irritants and very hard to get off of clothing, such as wool or cotton. The burr of burdock was the inspiration for Velcro.

The stems of plants that have burs differ based on where and how they grow. Those that grow in dense groups are single stemmed. while plants that are more isolated have branched stems.^[1]

Function

Burs serve the plants that bear them in two main ways. First, they tend to repel some herbivores, much as other spines and prickles do. Second, they are important examples of seed dispersal by zoochory and anthropochory. Burs have hook-like structures that attach the seed or fruiting body to clothing, hair, and in particular, wool, or occasionally feathers. Such plants rely largely on living agents to disperse their seeds.^[2]

Common plants with burs

Common names of some bur-bearing plants include:^[3]

White Avens: Geum canadense
Soft or Downy Agrimony: Agrimonia pubescens
Various species of Tick Trefoil: Desmodium
American Lopseed: Phryma leptostachya
Enchanter's Nightshade: Circaea
Sweet Cicely: Myrrhis odorata

Plants with burs are found in many genera:

Acaena—Piri-piri
Agrimonia—Agrimony
Ambrosia—Ragweed
Arctium—Burdock
Bidens—Bur marigold
Circaea—Enchanter's Nightshades
Galium aparine—Goosegrass
Geum—Avens
Hackelia—Stickseed
Medicago—Burclover
Osmorhiza—Cicely
Xanthium—Cocklebur

References

^ http://www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/agriculture/pests-weeds/weeds/profiles/californian-burr
^ http://homeguides.sfgate.com/plants-burrs-26416.html
^ http://www.restoringthelandscape.com/2011/09/native-plants-that-develop-burs.html

Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Bur.

This botany article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

English Journal

Chitin-fibroin-hydroxyapatite membrane for guided bone regeneration: micro-computed tomography evaluation in a rat model.

Baek YJ1, Kim JH1, Song JM1, Yoon SY2, Kim HS3, Shin SH1.
Maxillofacial plastic and reconstructive surgery.Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg.2016 Mar 22;38(1):14. eCollection 2016.
BACKGROUND: In guided bone regeneration (GBR) technique, many materials have been used for improving biological effectiveness by adding on membranes. The new membrane which was constructed with chitin-fibroin-hydroxyapatite (CNF/HAP) was compared with a collagen membrane (Bio-Gide®) by means of mic
PMID 27069912

Aspiration of parafalcine empyemas with flexible scope.

Sammartino F1, Feletti A2, Fiorindi A1, Mazzucco GM1, Longatti P1.
Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery.Childs Nerv Syst.2016 Jun;32(6):1123-9. doi: 10.1007/s00381-016-3082-6. Epub 2016 Apr 13.
PURPOSE: Subdural empyemas are considered neurosurgical emergencies, and the parafalcine location is particularly insidious. We revised the experience of general surgeons who are used to manage chronic pleural purulent collections with video-assisted thoracoscopy.METHODS: With a similar technique, w
PMID 27075188

Analysis of Effectiveness of Different Rotational Instruments in Implantoplasty: An In Vitro Study.

de Souza Júnior JM1, Oliveira de Souza JG, Pereira Neto AL, Iaculli F, Piattelli A, Bianchini MA.
Implant dentistry.Implant Dent.2016 Jun;25(3):341-7. doi: 10.1097/ID.0000000000000381.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the temperature increase in the implant, adjacent bone, procedure time, and roughness provided by different rotatory instruments in the implantoplasty procedure.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Three types of rotational instruments were used to evaluate the implant surface wear, divided a
PMID 26840269

A computer-guided minimally-invasive technique for orthodontic forced eruption of impacted canines.

BERTELè M1, Minniti PP, Dalessandri D, Bonetti S, Visconti L, Paganelli C.
Minerva stomatologica.Minerva Stomatol.2016 Jun;65(3):176-84. Epub 2016 Mar 10.
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to develop a computer-guided minimally-invasive protocol for the surgical application of an orthodontic traction during the forced eruption of an impacted canine.METHODS: 3Diagnosys® software was used to evaluate impacted canines position and to plan the surgic
PMID 26963945

Japanese Journal

最近8年間に北海道大学病院歯科放射線科が対応した歯科異物の誤嚥および誤飲疑い症例の実態調査

北海道歯学雑誌 36(2), 72-81, 2016-03
NAID 120005725170

A Case of Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction Secondary to Facial Fractures Treated with Dacryocystorhinostomy

耳鼻咽喉科臨床　補冊 145(0), 40-41, 2016
NAID 130005157360

北インドにおけるイスラーム諸王朝とその建築物 : デリー・スルターン朝末期とムガル帝国初期を中心に

文教大学国際学部紀要 26(1), 85-117, 2015-07
NAID 120005657087

Effect of β-tricalcium phosphate and porous hydroxyapatite bone substitutes on bone regeneration in alveolar bone defects around dental implants

Journal of Osaka Dental University 49(1), 69-84, 2015-04
NAID 110009942791

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