any standardized procedure for measuring sensitivity or memory or intelligence or aptitude or personality etc; "the test was standardized on a large sample of students" (同)mental test, mental testing, psychometric test
the act of undergoing testing; "he survived the great test of battle"; "candidates must compete in a trial of skill" (同)trial
the act of testing something; "in the experimental trials the amount of carbon was measured separately"; "he called each flip of the coin a new trial" (同)trial, run
a hard outer covering as of some amoebas and sea urchins
put to the test, as for its quality, or give experimental use to; "This approach has been tried with good results"; "Test this recipe" (同)prove, try, try out, examine, essay
achieve a certain score or rating on a test; "She tested high on the LSAT and was admitted to all the good law schools"
determine the presence or properties of (a substance)
show a certain characteristic when tested; "He tested positive for HIV"
an examination of the characteristics of something; "there are laboratories for commercial testing"; "it involved testing thousands of children for smallpox"
the act of subjecting to experimental test in order to determine how well something works; "they agreed to end the testing of atomic weapons"
tested and proved useful or correct; "a tested method" (同)tried, well-tried
tested and proved to be reliable (同)time-tested, tried, tried and true
A nonstress test (NST) is a screening test used in pregnancy to assess fetal status by means of the fetal heart rate and its responsiveness. A cardiotocograph is used to monitor the fetal heart rate and presence or absence of uterine contractions. The test is typically termed "reactive" (also "reassuring") or "nonreactive" (also "nonreassuring").[1]
Contents
1Premise
2Interpretation
2.1Confounding factors
2.2Utility
3See also
4References
Premise
The premise of the NST is that a well-oxygenated, non-acidemic fetus will spontaneously have temporary increases, termed "accelerations," in the fetal heart rate (FHR).[2]
Vibroacoustic stimulation can wake the fetus, and is sometimes used to speed up the test or to facilitate further evaluation of a non-reactive nonstress test.[3]
Interpretation
A nonstress test can be classified as normal, atypical, or abnormal. A normal nonstress test will show a baseline fetal heart rate between 110 and 160 beats per minute with moderate variability (5- to 25-interbeat variability) and 2 qualifying accelerations in 20 minutes with no decelerations.
"Reactive" is defined as the presence of two or more fetal heart rate accelerations within a 20-minute period. Each acceleration must increase the heart rate 15 beats per minute above the baseline rate, and last for at least 15 seconds when the fetus is above 32 weeks' gestation, or 10 beats per minute over 10 seconds when the fetus is at or below 32 weeks' gestation.[1][4][5]
"Non-reactive" is defined as fewer than two adequate accelerations during a prolonged period, which may be over an hour.[1][4]
Confounding factors
An NST may be non-reactive for reasons unrelated to fetal oxygenation status. These include fetal sleep, exposure to central nervous system depressants, exposure to beta-blockers, or chronic smoking during the pregnancy.[1]
Utility
If the nonstress test is reactive, the rate of fetal demise in the following week is approximately 1.9 per 1000. A nonreactive nonstress test has a false positive rate of 75%-90%, and therefore is followed by more definitive testing, which may include a contraction stress test or a biophysical profile.[1]
See also
Biophysical profile
Cardiotocography
Contraction stress test
References
^ abcdeNeonatology : management, procedures, on-call problems, diseases, and drugs. Gomella, Tricia Lacy, Cunningham, M. Douglas, Eyal, Fabien G. (7th ed.). New York. 2013. ISBN 9780071768016. OCLC 830349840.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
^Smith, C. V.; Nguyen, H. N.; Phelan, J. P.; Paul, R. H. (1986). "Intrapartum assessment of fetal well-being: a comparison of fetal acoustic stimulation with acid-base determinations". Am J Obstet Gynecol. 155 (4): 726–728. doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(86)80007-2. PMID 3766625.
^Chervenak, Frank A.; Kurjak, Asim (2006). Textbook of Perinatal Medicine, Second Edition (Two Volumes). Informa Healthcare. ISBN 1-84214-333-6.
^ abAssociation of Women’s Health, Obstetric, and Neonatal Nurses (2005). Lyndon, Audrey Lyndon; Ali, Linda Usher (eds.). Fetal Heart Monitoring: Principles and Practices (3rd ed.). Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co. ISBN 978-0-7575-6234-1.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^Cousins, L. M.; Poeltler, D. M.; Faron, S.; Catanzarite, V.; Daneshmand, S.; Casele, H. (October 2012). "Nonstress testing at ≤ 32.0 weeks' gestation: a randomized trial comparing different assessment criteria". Am J Obstet Gynecol. Mosby, Inc. 207 (4): 311.e1–311.e7. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2012.06.032. PMID 23021694.
v
t
e
Tests and procedures relating to pregnancy and childbirth
Maternal tests
Pregnancy test
Leopold's maneuvers
Prenatal testing
Fetal tests
Imaging
Obstetric ultrasonography
Nuchal scan
Anomaly scan
Fetal movement counting
Contraction stress test
Nonstress test
Vibroacoustic stimulation
Biophysical profile
Amniotic fluid index
Umbilical artery dopplers
Sampling
Chorionic villus sampling
Amniocentesis
Triple test
Quad test
Fetoscopy
Fetal scalp blood testing
Fetal scalp stimulation test
Percutaneous umbilical cord blood sampling
Apt test
Kleihauer–Betke test
Lung maturity
Lecithin–sphingomyelin ratio
Lamellar body count
Fetal fibronectin test
Other
Cardiotocography
Interventions
Fetal surgery
Fetendo
Podalic version
External cephalic version
Amnioinfusion
Delivery
Vaginal delivery
Induction
Artificial rupture of membranes
Episiotomy
Symphysiotomy
Forceps in childbirth
Ventouse in childbirth
Odon device
Dystocia management
McRoberts maneuver
Wood's screw maneuver
Zavanelli maneuver
Third stage of labor
Manual placenta removal
Caesarean section
Elective
On maternal request
EXIT procedure
Resuscitative hysterotomy
Postpartum hemorrhage
Hysterectomy
B-Lynch suture
v
t
e
Pregnancy and childbirth
Planning
Birth control
Natural family planning
Pre-conception counseling
Conception
Assisted reproductive technology
artificial insemination
fertility fraud
fertility medication
in vitro fertilisation
partner-assisted reproduction
Fertility awareness
Unintended pregnancy
Testing
3D ultrasound
Obstetric ultrasonography
Pregnancy test
home testing
Prenatal diagnosis
Prenatal
Anatomy
Amniotic fluid
Amniotic sac
Endometrium
Placenta
Development
Fetus
Fundal height
Gestational age
Human embryogenesis
Maternal physiological changes
Postpartum physiological changes
Care
Nutrition
environmental toxicants
in pregnancy
prenatal
Concomitant conditions
drinking
diabetes mellitus
smoking
vaping
SLE
Sexual activity during pregnancy
Procedures
Amniocentesis
Cardiotocography
Chorionic villus sampling
Nonstress test
Abortion
Childbirth
Preparation
Bradley method
Hypnobirthing
Lamaze
Nesting instinct
Roles
Mother
Newborn
Preterm birth
Postterm pregnancy
Doula
Birth attendant
Men's roles
Midwife
Obstetrician
Perinatal nurse
Traditional birth attendant
Delivery
Pelvimetry / Bishop score
cervical dilation
cervical effacement
position
Bloody show
Uterine contraction
Vaginal delivery
Presentation
breech
cephalic
shoulder
Rupture of membranes
Caesarean
Childbirth positions
Home birth
Labor induction
Multiple birth
Natural childbirth
Silent birth
Unassisted childbirth
Water birth
Placental expulsion
Postpartum
Maternal
Postpartum care
Postpartum confinement
Sex after pregnancy
Psychiatric disorders of childbirth
Postpartum physiological changes
Roles
Doula
Health visitor
Lactation consultant
Monthly nurse
Confinement nanny
Infant
Adaptation to extrauterine life
Apgar score
Child care
Congenital disorders
Obstetric history
Gravidity and parity
UpToDate Contents
全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.
…rate patterns. The primary goal of antepartum fetal surveillance (antepartum testing) with the nonstress test (NST) and the contraction stress test (CST) is to identify fetuses at risk of hypoxic injury …
… The main techniques for fetal assessment are the nonstress test, biophysical profile, modified biophysical profile, contraction stress test, and fetal movement count. Assessment of amniotic fluid volume …
…fluid volume. A separate nonstress test of the fetal heart rate can also be performed as a component of the BPP. Each of the four ultrasound parameters and the nonstress test are assigned a score of either …
…assessment of a patient with DFM should include review of symphysis fundal height measurements and a nonstress test (NST) should be performed to exclude immediate fetal compromise. In the absence of a fetal heart …
…management of category I, II, and III FHR tracing is reviewed separately . Antepartum FHR monitoring (nonstress test, contraction stress test) is also reviewed separately. Although some evidence suggests that…
English Journal
Different implications of the dorsal and ventral hippocampus on contextual memory retrieval after stress.
Pierard C1, Dorey R1, Henkous N2, Mons N2, Béracochéa D2.
Hippocampus.Hippocampus.2017 Jun 8. doi: 10.1002/hipo.22748. [Epub ahead of print]
Find out why you might need this tests and what it can tell you about your baby's well-being. ... What is a nonstress test? This simple, painless procedure is done during pregnancy to evaluate your baby's condition. During the test ...
+ Add to Word List Create new word list More... Word List Title: 3 to 50 characters max. Word List Description: 3 to 250 characters max. Public Private Definitions nonstress test noun An ultrasound examination of a fetus that ...