内耳神経
- 関
- acoustic nerve、vestibulocochlear nerve
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/01/05 23:53:54」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Vestibulocochlear nerve |
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The course and connections of the facial nerve in the temporal bone
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Inferior view of the human brain, with the cranial nerves labelled.
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| Details |
| Latin |
Nervus vestibulocochlearis |
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To
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Cochlear nerve, vestibular nerve |
| Identifiers |
| Gray's |
p.860 |
| MeSH |
A08.800.800.120.910 |
| TA |
A14.2.01.121 |
| FMA |
FMA:50869 |
| Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy |
| Cranial nerves |
- CN 0 – Terminal
- CN I – Olfactory
- CN II – Optic
- CN III – Oculomotor
- CN IV – Trochlear
- CN V (1,2,3) – Trigeminal
- CN VI – Abducens
- CN VII – Facial
- CN VIII – Vestibulocochlear
- CN IX – Glossopharyngeal
- CN X – Vagus
- CN XI – Accessory
- CN XII – Hypoglossal
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The vestibulocochlear nerve (auditory vestibular nerve), known as the eighth cranial nerve, transmits sound and equilibrium (balance) information from the inner ear to the brain.
Contents
- 1 Structure
- 2 Function
- 3 Clinical significance
- 3.1 Symptoms of damage
- 3.2 Examination
- 4 History
- 5 See also
- 6 References
- 7 Additional images
- 8 External links
Structure
The vestibulocochlear nerve consists mostly of bipolar neurons and splits into two large divisions: the cochlear nerve and the vestibular nerve.
The cochlear nerve travels away from the cochlea of the inner ear where it starts as the spiral ganglia. Processes from the organ of Corti conduct afferent transmission to the spiral ganglia. It is the inner hair cells of the organ of Corti that are responsible for activation of afferent receptors in response to pressure waves reaching the basilar membrane through the transduction of sound. The exact mechanism by which sound is transmitted by the neurons of the cochlear nerve is uncertain; the two competing theories are place theory and temporal theory.
The vestibular nerve travels from the vestibular system of the inner ear. The vestibular ganglion houses the cell bodies of the bipolar neurons and extends processes to five sensory organs. Three of these are the cristae located in the ampullae of the semicircular canals. Hair cells of the cristae activate afferent receptors in response to rotational acceleration. The other two sensory organs supplied by the vestibular neurons are the maculae of the saccule and utricle. Hair cells of the maculae activate afferent receptors in response to linear acceleration.
Development
The vestibulocochlear nerve is derived from the embryonic otic placode.
Function
This is the nerve along which the sensory cells (the hair cells) of the inner ear transmit information to the brain. It consists of the cochlear nerve, carrying information about hearing, and the vestibular nerve, carrying information about balance. It emerges from the pontomedullary junction and exits the inner skull via the internal acoustic meatus (or internal auditory meatus) in the temporal bone.
The vestibulocochlear nerve carries axons of type SSA, special somatic afferent, which carry the modalities of hearing and equilibrium.
Clinical significance
Symptoms of damage
Damage to the vestibulocochlear nerve may cause the following symptoms:
- hearing loss
- vertigo
- false sense of motion
- loss of equilibrium (in dark places)
- nystagmus
- motion sickness
- gaze-evoked tinnitus.[1]
Examination
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This section requires expansion. (February 2014) |
History
Etymology
Some older texts call the nerve the acoustic or auditory nerve,[2] but these terms have fallen out of widespread use because they fail to recognize the nerve's role in the vestibular system. Vestibulocochlear nerve is therefore preferred by most.
See also
- This article uses anatomical terminology; for an overview, see anatomical terminology.
References
- ^ Coad, ML; Lockwood, A; Salvi, R; Burkard, R (2001). "Characteristics of patients with gaze-evoked tinnitus". Otology & Neurotology 22 (5): 650–4. PMID 11568674.
- ^ http://www.bartleby.com/107/203.html
Additional images
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Superficial dissection of brain-stem. Ventral view.
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Dissection showing the projection fibers of the cerebellum.
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Hind- and mid-brains; postero-lateral view.
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Upper part of medulla spinalis and hind- and mid-brains; posterior aspect, exposed in situ.
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Position of the right bony labyrinth of the ear in the skull, viewed from above.
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External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nervus vestibulocochlearis. |
- MedEd at Loyola GrossAnatomy/h_n/cn/cn1/cn8.htm
- cranialnerves at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (VIII)
- Notes on Vestibulocochlear Nerve
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Nerves of head and neck: the cranial nerves and nuclei (TA A14.2.01, GA 9.855)
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| terminal (SN->0) |
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| olfactory (AON->I) |
- olfactory bulb
- olfactory tract
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| optic (LGN->II) |
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oculomotor
(ON, EWN->III) |
- superior branch
- parasympathetic root of ciliary ganglion/ciliary ganglion
- inferior branch
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| trochlear (TN->IV) |
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trigeminal
(PSN, TSN, MN, TMN->V) |
- trigeminal ganglion
- ophthalmic
- maxillary
- mandibular
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| abducens (AN->VI) |
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| facial (FMN, SN, SSN->VII) |
| near origin |
- nervus intermedius
- geniculate
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inside
facial canal |
- greater petrosal
- nerve to the stapedius
- chorda tympani
- lingual nerve
- submandibular ganglion
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at stylomastoid
foramen |
- posterior auricular
- suprahyoid
- parotid plexus
- temporal
- zygomatic
- buccal
- mandibular
- cervical
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vestibulocochlear
(VN, CN->VIII) |
- cochlear
- striae medullares
- lateral lemniscus
- vestibular
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glossopharyngeal
(NA, ISN, SN->IX) |
| before jugular fossa |
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| after jugular fossa |
- tympanic
- tympanic plexus
- lesser petrosal
- otic ganglion
- stylopharyngeal branch
- pharyngeal branches
- tonsillar branches
- lingual branches
- carotid sinus
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vagus
(NA, DNVN, SN->X) |
| before jugular fossa |
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| after jugular fossa |
- meningeal branch
- auricular branch
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| neck |
- pharyngeal branch
- superior laryngeal
- recurrent laryngeal (inferior)
- superior cervical cardiac
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| thorax |
- inferior cardiac
- pulmonary
- vagal trunks
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| abdomen |
- celiac
- renal
- hepatic
- anterior gastric
- posterior gastric
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| accessory (NA, SAN->XI) |
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| hypoglossal (HN->XII) |
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Index of the peripheral nervous system
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| Description |
- Anatomy
- Nerves
- cranial
- trigeminal
- cervical
- brachial
- lumbosacral plexus
- somatosensory
- autonomic
- Physiology
- reflexes
- proteins
- neurotransmitters
- transporters
- Development
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| Disease |
- Autonomic
- Congenital
- Injury
- Neoplasms and cancer
- Other
- Symptoms and signs
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| Treatment |
- Procedures
- Local anesthetics
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Auditory and vestibular pathways
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| Auditory |
- inner ear: Hair cells → Spiral ganglion → Cochlear nerve VIII →
- pons: Cochlear nuclei (Anterior, Dorsal) → Trapezoid body → Superior olivary nuclei →
- midbrain: Lateral lemniscus → Inferior colliculi →
- thalamus: Medial geniculate nuclei →
- cerebrum: Acoustic radiation → Primary auditory cortex
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| Vestibular |
- inner ear: Vestibular nerve VIII →
- pons: Vestibular nuclei (Medial vestibular nucleus, Lateral vestibular nucleus)
- cerebellum: Flocculonodular lobe
- spinal cord: Vestibulospinal tract (Medial vestibulospinal tract, Lateral vestibulospinal tract)
- thalamus: Ventral posterolateral nucleus
- cerebrum: Vestibular cortex
- Vestibulo-oculomotor fibers
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| Description |
- Anatomy
- Physiology
- Development
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| Disease |
- Congenital
- Other
- Symptoms and signs
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| Treatment |
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Facial nerve compression by the posterior inferior cerebellar artery causing facial pain and swelling: a case report.
- Batten RL, Ng WF.
- Journal of medical case reports.J Med Case Rep.2014 Mar 25;8(1):105. [Epub ahead of print]
- INTRODUCTION: We report an unusual case of facial pain and swelling caused by compression of the facial and vestibulocochlear cranial nerves due to the tortuous course of a branch of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery. Although anterior inferior cerebellar artery compression has been well docu
- PMID 24661509
- Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion in a cat with a putative Rathke's cleft cyst.
- Demonaco SM1, Koch MW, Southard TL.
- Journal of feline medicine and surgery.J Feline Med Surg.2014 Mar 21. [Epub ahead of print]
- An 11-year-old spayed female domestic shorthair cat was evaluated for anorexia, lethargy and weight loss of 6 days' duration. Bilateral mydriasis, absent menace response, slow-to-absent pupillary light reflexes, bilateral retinal detachment, intermittent horizontal nystagmus, intermittent ventral st
- PMID 24657877
- Vestibular involvement in peripheral neuropathy: A review.
- Buetti B1, Luxon LM.
- International journal of audiology.Int J Audiol.2014 Mar 3. [Epub ahead of print]
- Objective: This paper reviews the current literature on involvement of the vestibular division of the eighth cranial nerve in peripheral neuropathies. The literature abounds with references to auditory neuropathy, which is frequently related to more generalized neuropathies, but there is a marked pa
- PMID 24588465
Japanese Journal
- Parvalbumin-like immunoreactivity in the human central auditory system.
- , , , ,
- ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA 25(1/2), 153-159, 1992
- … In the auditory pathway, the nervus vestibulocochlearis, striae acusticae, nuclei cochlearis ventralis et dorsalis, nucleus medialis olivaris superioris, lemniscus lateralis, nuclei lemniscus lateralis ventralis et dorsalis and colliculus inferior were found to contain immunopositive neurons and/or fibers. …
- NAID 130000933126
- 187 鶏の比較解剖学的並びに局所解剖学的研究 : XLVI.鶏の内耳神経の抹消走向について
Related Links
- nerve (nerv) a cordlike structure comprising a collection of nerve fibers that convey impulses between a part of the central nervous system and some other body region. abducent nerve sixth cranial nerve; origin, a nucleus in the pons ...
- Explore Dictionary.com Previous Definition: nervus vagus Next Definition: nervy Words Near: nervus vestibulocochlearis More from Thesaurus.com Synonyms and Antonyms for nervus vestibulocochlearis More from Reference.com ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- vestibulocochlear nerve (N)
- ラ
- nervus vestibulocochlearis
- 同
- 第8脳神経 eighth cranial nerve CN VIII
- 関
- 脳神経、内耳道 internal auditory meatus
| 一般感覚性
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臓性感覚性
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特殊感覚性
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体性運動性
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臓性運動性
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鰓弓運動性
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神経細胞(中枢神経外)
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神経細胞(中脳)
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神経細胞(橋)
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神経細胞(延髄)
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神経細胞(脊髄)
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○-< 節後ニューロン
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頭蓋からの出口
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分布と機能
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膝神経節
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内耳道、顔神経管、茎乳突孔
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外耳道の皮膚の感覚
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膝神経節
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舌の2/3，口腔底、口蓋の味覚
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翼口神経節、顎下神経節
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副交感神経：顎下腺、舌下腺、涙腺、鼻と口蓋の腺
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支配筋：顔の表情筋、中耳のアブミ骨、茎突舌骨筋、顎二腹筋の後腹
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臨床関連
[★]
神経
- 関
- nerve、nervi、nervous、neural、neuro、neuron
