WordNet

vasoconstrictor (trade names Privine and Sudafed) used in nasal sprays to treat symptoms of nasal congestion and in eyedrops to treat eye irritation (同)Privine, Sudafed
a complex consisting of an organic base in association with hydrogen chloride

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/11/15 23:12:30」(JST)

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Naphazoline (in the hydrochloride form) is the common name for 2-(1-naphthylmethyl)-2-imidazoline hydrochloride. It is a sympathomimetic agent with marked alpha adrenergic activity. It is a vasoconstrictor with a rapid action in reducing swelling when applied to mucous membrane. It acts on alpha-receptors in the arterioles of the conjunctiva to produce constriction, resulting in decreased congestion. It is an active ingredient in several over-the-counter formulations including Clear Eyes and Naphcon eye drops.^[1]

It has the molecular formula C₁₄H₁₄N₂.HCl and a molecular weight of 246.73 g/mol.

Warnings and contraindications

A few warnings and contraindications that apply to all naphazoline-containing substances intended for medicinal use are:

Hypersensitivity to naphazoline
Patients taking MAO inhibitors can experience a severe hypertensive crisis if given a sympathomimetic drug such as naphazoline HCl
Use in infants and children can result in central nervous system depression, leading to coma and marked reduction in body temperature
Should be used with caution in patients with severe cardiovascular disease including cardiac arrhythmia and in patients with diabetes, especially those with a tendency toward diabetic ketoacidosis
Drug interactions can occur with anaesthetics that sensitize the myocardium to sympathomimetics (e.g. cyclopropane or halothane cautiously)
Exercise caution when applying prior to use of phenylephrine.
Extended use may cause rhinitis medicamentosa, a condition of rebound nasal congestion.

A possible association with stroke has been suggested.^[2]

References

^ Green, S. M. (2008). "Ophthalmology: Naphazoline". Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2009. Jones and Bartlett. ISBN 0-7637-6572-4.
^ Zavala, J. A.; Pereira, E. R.; Zétola, V. H.; Teive, H. A.; Nóvak, E. M.; Werneck, L. C. (2004). "Hemorrhagic stroke after naphazoline exposition: case report". Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatrica 62 (3B): 889–891. doi:10.1590/S0004-282X2004000500030. PMID 15476091.

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

[Malignant hypertension and cardiac decompensation after overuse of nasal decongestant: A case report and literature review].

Novais T1, Bourdelin M2, Le Vavasseur O3, Bontemps H2.
La Revue de medecine interne / fondee ... par la Societe nationale francaise de medecine interne.Rev Med Interne.2015 Oct 30. pii: S0248-8663(15)00667-0. doi: 10.1016/j.revmed.2015.09.010. [Epub ahead of print]
INTRODUCTION: Vasoconstrictors, widely prescribed in the congestive states during acute rhinitis, are responsible for many cases of drug-related iatrogenic disease.CASE REPORT: We report the case of a 40-year-old man, who presented with an episode of malignant hypertensive crisis associated with lif
PMID 26526778

Pharmacological characterization of a tyramine receptor from the southern cattle tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus.

Gross AD1, Temeyer KB2, Day TA3, Pérez de León AA2, Kimber MJ3, Coats JR4.
Insect biochemistry and molecular biology.Insect Biochem Mol Biol.2015 Aug;63:47-53. doi: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2015.04.008. Epub 2015 May 6.
The southern cattle tick (Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus) is a hematophagous external parasite that vectors the causative agents of bovine babesiosis or cattle tick fever, Babesia bovis and B. bigemina, and anaplasmosis, Anaplasma marginale. The southern cattle tick is a threat to the livestock
PMID 25958152

Fetal ductus arteriosus constriction and closure: analysis of the causes and perinatal outcome related to 45 consecutive cases.

Lopes LM1, Carrilho MC, Francisco RP, Lopes MA, Krebs VL, Zugaib M.
The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians.J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med.2015 Jul 26:1-8. [Epub ahead of print]
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze the causes and perinatal outcome related to fetal ductus arteriosus constriction or closure at a single center over a 26-year period.METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of 45 consecutive cases of constriction (n = 41) and closure (n = 4)
PMID 25708490

Japanese Journal

A Rapid Derivative Spectrophotometric Method for Simultaneous Determination of Naphazoline and Antazoline in Eye Drops

Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin 54(1), 119-122, 2006-01-01
NAID 110004820338

薬物の眼粘膜吸収性に及ぼすβ-グリチルリチン酸の影響

藥學雜誌 119(7), 502-509, 1999-07-01
NAID 110003648757

The Freezing Point Depression Method for the Determination of Binding Parameters of Drugs by Polyvinylpyrrolidone and Polyoxyethylene n-Dodecylether

Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin 41(9), 1616-1620, 1993-09-15
NAID 110003630672

「ナファゾリン」

Naphazoline
Systematic (IUPAC) name
	2-(naphthalen-1-ylmethyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole
Clinical data
Trade names	Naphcon-a
AHFS/Drugs.com	monograph
Routes of; administration	Topical
Identifiers
CAS Registry Number	835-31-4
ATC code	R01AA08 S01GA01
PubChem	CID: 4436
IUPHAR/BPS	5509
DrugBank	DB06711
ChemSpider	4283
UNII	H231GF11BV
KEGG	D08253
ChEMBL	CHEMBL761
Chemical data
Formula	C14H14N2
Molecular mass	210.274
	SMILES N\1=C(\NCC/1)Cc2cccc3c2cccc3 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C14H14N2/c1-2-7-13-11(4-1)5-3-6-12(13)10-14-15-8-9-16-14/h1-7H,8-10H2,(H,15,16) ; Key:CNIIGCLFLJGOGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
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