WordNet

walk fast, with regular or measured steps; walk with a stride; "He marched into the classroom and announced the exam"; "The soldiers marched across the border"
the act of marching; walking with regular steps (especially in a procession of some kind); "it was a long march"; "we heard the sound of marching" (同)marching
a steady advance; "the march of science"; "the march of time"
a procession of people walking together; "the march went up Fifth Avenue"
march in a procession; "They processed into the dining room" (同)process
cause to march or go at a marching pace; "They marched the mules into the desert"
force to march; "The Japanese marched their prisoners through Manchuria"
make imperfect; "nothing marred her beauty" (同)impair, spoil, deflower, vitiate
made from residue of grapes or apples after pressing
the month following February and preceding April (同)Mar
presence of hemoglobin in the urine (同)haemoglobinuria

PrepTutorEJDIC

《方向・状態を表す副詞[句]を伴って》 / (歩調をそろえて)『行進する』,行軍する / 〈人が〉堂々と(ゆうゆうと)歩く / 〈事件などが〉進展する,進む / 《方向・状態を表す副詞[句]を伴って》 / …‘を'行進(行軍)させる / 〈人〉‘を'急いで連れて行く,追い立てる / 〈U〉『行進』,進軍;〈C〉行進距離;行軍行程 / 〈U〉《the march》(事件などの)『進展』,進行 / 〈U〉(兵隊の)行進歩調 / 〈C〉『マーチ』,『行進曲』
国境[地方],境界[地域] / 《the marches》《しばしばM-》(イングランジの)境界地方 / (…と)境を接する《+『on(upon, with)』+『名』》
…‘を'汚す,傷つける / 《文》…‘を'損なう(spoil)
マーク(ぶどうやりんごのしぼりかすで作ったブランデー)
『3月』({略}『Mar.』)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/12/29 05:15:45」(JST)

wiki en

Mechanical hemolytic anemia is a form of hemolytic anemia due to mechanically induced damage to red blood cells. Red blood cells, while flexible, may in some circumstances succumb to physical shear and compression.^[1] This may result in hemoglobinuria. The damage is induced through repetitive mechanical motions such as prolonged marching (march hemoglobinuria),^[2] marathon running, and bongo drumming.^[3] Mechanical damage can also be induced through the chronic condition microangiopathic hemolytic anemia or due to prosthetic heart valves.^[1]

Cause

Repetitive impacts to the body may cause mechanical trauma and bursting (hemolysis) of red blood cells. This has been documented to have occurred in the feet during running^[4] and hands from Conga or Candombe drumming.^[5] Defects in red blood cell membrane proteins have been identified in some of these patients.^[6] Free haemoglobin is released from lysed red blood cells and filtered into the urine.

Hemolytic phenomena

March haematuria

March hematuria, occurs when blood is seen in the urine after repetitive impacts on the body, particularly affecting the feet. The word "march" is in reference to the condition arising in soldiers who have been marching for long periods; the condition was first documented in 1881.^[7]

Runner’s macrocytosis

Runner’s macrocytosis is a phenomenon of increased red blood cell size as a compensatory mechanism for increased red blood cell turnover. The impact forces from running can lead to red blood cell hemolysis and accelerate red blood cell production. This can shift the ratio of red blood cells towards younger, larger cells. This shift may be reflected in higher than normal mean corpuscular volume (MCV) values, an indicator of red blood cell size.^[4]

This is not a pathological condition but may indicate a propensity toward iron deficiency anemia due to high red blood cell turnover.

References

^ ^a ^b Dan L. Longo, Harrison's Hematology and Oncology, 2010, ISBN 0-07-166335-5; page 121.
^ Anthony S. Fauci, Eugene Braunwald, Dennis Kasper, Stephen Hauser, Dan L. Longo, Harrison's Manual of Medicine, page 328, 2009, ISBN 0-07-147743-8.
^ Reinhold Munker, Erhard Hiller, Jonathan Glass, Ronald Paquette, Modern Hematology: Biology and Clinical Management, 2007, page 126, ISBN 1-58829-557-5.
^ ^a ^b Eichner, ER (February 1985). "Runner's macrocytosis: a clue to footstrike hemolysis. Runner's anemia as a benefit versus runner's hemolysis as a detriment". The American Journal of Medicine. 78 (2): 321–5. doi:10.1016/0002-9343(85)90443-7. PMID 3970055.
^ Tobal D, Olascoaga A, Moreira G, Kurdian M, Sanchez F, Rosello M, Alallon W, Martinez FG, Noboa O (2008). "Rust Urine after Intense Hand Drumming Is Caused by Extracorpuscular Hemolysis". Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. 3: 1022–1027. doi:10.2215/cjn.04491007.
^ Banga JP, Pinder JC, Gratzer WB, Linch DC, Huehns ER (November 1979). "An erythrocyte membrane-protein anomaly in march haemoglobinuria". Lancet. 2 (8151): 1048–9. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(79)92444-9. PMID 91785.
^ Gilligan DR, Blumgart HL (September 1941). "MARCH HEMOGLOBINURIA: Studies of the Clinical Characteristics, Blood Metabolism and Mechanism: with Observations on Three New Cases, and Review of Literature". Medicine. 20 (3): 341–395. doi:10.1097/00005792-194109000-00002.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 運動誘発性血尿 exercise induced hematuria
2. 機械的損傷による外因性非免疫性溶血性貧血：断片化溶血および脾機能亢進 extrinsic nonimmune hemolytic anemia due to mechanical damage fragmentation hemolysis and hypersplenism
3. 成人の溶血性貧血の診断 diagnosis of hemolytic anemia in the adult
4. 貧血を有する成人患者に対するアプローチ approach to the adult patient with anemia

English Journal

Aplastic Anemia & MDS International Foundation (AA&MDSIF): Bone Marrow Failure Disease Scientific Symposium 2014.

Visconte V1, Lindsley RC2, Berlyne D3.
Leukemia research.Leuk Res.2015 Jan;39(1):110-3. doi: 10.1016/j.leukres.2014.11.008. Epub 2014 Nov 16.
Bone marrow failure syndromes (BMFS) are characterized by a failure of the hematopoietic stem cells to produce adequate blood cells, resulting in either cytopenia (defect in one or more blood cell lineages) or pancytopenia (defect in all blood cell lineages). BMFS can be inherited or acquired. The p
PMID 25435026

A patient with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria being treated with eculizumab who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy: report of a case.

Moriyama M1, Nagata T1, Yoshioka I1, Hashimoto I1, Matsui K1, Okumura T1, Tsukada K1.
Surgical case reports.Surg Case Rep.2015;1(1):57. doi: 10.1186/s40792-015-0059-8. Epub 2015 Jul 11.
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is acquired hemolytic anemia characterized by symptoms such as anemia and hemoglobinuria. In recent years, eculizumab as an anti-complement (C5) monoclonal antibody has been used for PNH and shown to have marked effects. We performed laparoscopic cholecystec
PMID 26366354

Japanese Journal

ABO血液型不適合・同種造血幹細胞移植後に passenger lymphocyte syndrome を併発し, 急性腎不全に至った症例

原正樹,森戸卓,大橋一輝 [他],土谷健,新田孝作,安藤稔
日本透析医学会雑誌 = Journal of Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy 45(3), 273-279, 2012-03-28
症例：53歳，男性．1990年3月に骨髄穿刺にて骨髄異形成症候群と診断．1998年10月より末梢血中に骨髄芽球が出現し，当院血液内科で定期的なフォローアップを受けていた．2008年2月に造血幹細胞移植を目的に入院となった．ドナーは血液型A型，レシピエントは血液型B型，HLA型はフルマッチした非血縁間ABO血液型不適合・同種骨髄移植が施行された．移植後赤血球数の回復が不良であり，day9の検査で血清 …
NAID 10030813561

Delayed type hemolytic transfusion reaction with non-detectable irregular antibodies.

松尾裕子,西村要子,山口一成,高月清
日本輸血学会雑誌 36(1), 73-76, 1990
… Ten days after blood transfusions, she noticed hemoglobinuria. … Thus delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction by anti-E+C was mostly suspected, though irregular antibodies could not be detected in her serum in March, 1989. …
NAID 130003706742

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