WordNet

street name for lysergic acid diethylamide (同)back breaker, battery-acid, dose, dot, Elvis, loony toons, Lucy in the sky with diamonds, pane, superman, window pane, Zen
any of various water-soluble compounds having a sour taste and capable of turning litmus red and reacting with a base to form a salt
having the characteristics of an acid; "an acid reaction"
pertaining to or containing any of a group of organic compounds of nitrogen derived from ammonia (同)aminic
the radical -NH2 (同)amino_group

PrepTutorEJDIC

酸性の / 酸味のある,すっぱい(sour) / (言葉・態度などが)厳しい,しんらつな / 酸 / すっぱいもの / 《俗》=LSD

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/05/17 10:33:45」(JST)

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A ketogenic amino acid is an amino acid that can be degraded directly into acetyl-CoA, which is the precursor of ketone bodies. This is in contrast to the glucogenic amino acids, which are converted into glucose. Ketogenic amino acids are unable to be converted to glucose as both carbon atoms in the ketone body are ultimately degraded to carbon dioxide in the citric acid cycle.

In humans, two amino acids are exclusively ketogenic:

(remembered as all the "L" amino acids)

leucine
lysine

In humans, five amino acids are both ketogenic and glucogenic:

(remembered by the useful mnemonic "PITTT" or "FITTT", and includes all the "T" AA's)

isoleucine
phenylalanine (abbreviated Phe or F, in contrast to Proline which is Pro or P, based on their respective pronunciations)
tryptophan
tyrosine
threonine

In humans, the remaining thirteen amino acids are exclusively glucogenic (i.e. are not ketogenic).

External links

Amino acid metabolism
Chapter on Amino acid catabolism in Biochemistry by Jeremy Berg, John Tymoczko, Lubert Stryer. Fourth ed. by Lubert Stryer. ISBN 0-7167-4955-6 Accessed 2007-03-17
Amino acid metabolism

References

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UpToDate Contents

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1. フェニルケトン尿症の概要 overview of phenylketonuria
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4. ケトン食 the ketogenic diet
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English Journal

Ketogenic diet does not impair spatial ability controlled by the hippocampus in male rats.

Fukushima A1, Ogura Y1, Furuta M1, Kakehashi C1, Funabashi T2, Akema T1.
Brain research.Brain Res.2015 Oct 5;1622:36-42. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.06.016. Epub 2015 Jun 23.
A ketogenic diet was recently shown to reduce glutamate accumulation in synaptic vesicles, decreasing glutamate transmission. We questioned whether a ketogenic diet affects hippocampal function, as glutamate transmission is critically involved in visuospatial ability. In the present study, male Wist
PMID 26111645

Autophagy and amino acid metabolism in the brain: implications for epilepsy.

Bejarano E1, Rodríguez-Navarro JA2,3.
Amino acids.Amino Acids.2015 Oct;47(10):2113-26. doi: 10.1007/s00726-014-1822-z. Epub 2014 Aug 22.
Autophagy is a catabolic pathway responsible for the maintenance of the tissue and organism homeostasis. Several amino acids regulate autophagic activity in different tissues, such as liver and muscle, but much less is known about this regulation in the brain. The lack of autophagy in neurons leads
PMID 25145921

Adaptive changes in amino acid metabolism permit normal longevity in mice consuming a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet.

Douris N1, Melman T2, Pecherer JM1, Pissios P1, Flier JS1, Cantley LC3, Locasale JW4, Maratos-Flier E5.
Biochimica et biophysica acta.Biochim Biophys Acta.2015 Oct;1852(10 Pt A):2056-65. doi: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.07.009. Epub 2015 Jul 11.
Ingestion of very low-carbohydrate ketogenic diets (KD) is associated with weight loss, lowering of glucose and insulin levels and improved systemic insulin sensitivity. However, the beneficial effects of long-term feeding have been the subject of debate. We therefore studied the effects of lifelong
PMID 26170063