WordNet

first or beginning; "the memorable opening bars of Beethovens Fifth"; "the plays opening scene"
opportunity especially for employment or promotion; "there is an opening in the sales department"
a recognized sequence of moves at the beginning of a game of chess; "he memorized all the important chess openings" (同)chess opening
a vacant or unobstructed space that is man-made; "they left a small opening for the cat at the bottom of the door"
becoming open or being made open; "the opening of his arms was the sign I was waiting for"
the act of opening something; "the ray of light revealed his cautious opening of the door"
an open or empty space in or between things; "there was a small opening between the trees"; "the explosion made a gap in the wall" (同)gap
the first performance (as of a theatrical production); "the opening received good critical reviews" (同)opening_night, curtain raising
a ceremony accompanying the start of some enterprise
the initial part of the introduction; "the opening established the basic theme"
holding device consisting of one or both of the opposing parts of a tool that close to hold an object
the bones of the skull that frame the mouth and serve to open it; the bones that hold the teeth
the part of the skull of a vertebrate that frames the mouth and holds the teeth
an automatic instinctive unlearned reaction to a stimulus (同)reflex response, reflex action, instinctive reflex, innate reflex, inborn reflex, unconditioned_reflex, physiological reaction
(of leaves) bent downward and outward more than 90 degrees
of animals having jaws of a specified type

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈C〉(森・垣根・壁などの)空いている所;空き地;すき間,穴 / 〈C〉(物語・会議などの)始め,出だし,冒頭(beginning) / 〈C〉(…の地位の)空き,就職口《+『for』(『at, in』)+『名』》(vacant) / 〈C〉(劇などの)初演 / 〈U〉(…が)開くこと,あくこと《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈C〉(…の)よい機会,好機《+『for』+『名』》 / 初めの,開始の
〈C〉(上・下の)『あご』 / 《複数形で》口 / 〈C〉下あごのかっこう(感じ) / 《複数形で》あごに似た物;(谷・海峡などの)狭い入口 / 〈U〉《話》おしゃべり;(長い)お説教 / (人に)しゃべる,(特に)くどくど言う;(人に)お説教をする《+『at』+『名』〈人〉》
反射(刺激に対する無意識の反応) / 《複数形で》反射的な動き / (光などの)反射,反射光;映像 / 反射性の / (カメラが)レフ鋼の,反射型の

UpToDate Contents

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1. 下顎関節（TMJ）脱臼の整復 reduction of temporomandibular joint tmj dislocation
2. 成人における昏迷および昏睡 stupor and coma in adults
3. 小児における顎骨骨折 jaw fractures in children
4. 成人における基本気道マネージメント basic airway management in adults
5. 成人における詳細な神経学的検査 the detailed neurologic examination in adults

English Journal

Role of the red nucleus in suppressing the jaw-opening reflex following stimulation of the raphe magnus nucleus.

Satoh Y1, Ishizuka K2, Iwasaki SI2.
Neuroscience research.Neurosci Res.2014 Jun 11. pii: S0168-0102(14)00104-7. doi: 10.1016/j.neures.2014.05.010. [Epub ahead of print]
In a previous study, we found that electrical and chemical stimulation of the red nucleus (RN) suppressed the high-threshold afferent-evoked jaw-opening reflex (JOR). It has been reported that the RN receives bilaterally projection fibers from the raphe magnus nucleus (RMg), and that stimulation of
PMID 24929104

Biting intentions modulate digastric reflex responses to sudden unloading of the jaw.

Johansson AS1, Pruszynski JA2, Edin BB3, Westberg KG4.
Journal of neurophysiology.J Neurophysiol.2014 Jun 3. pii: jn.00133.2014. [Epub ahead of print]
Reflex responses in jaw opening muscles can be evoked when a brittle object cracks between the teeth and suddenly unloads the jaw. We hypothesized that this reflex response is flexible and, as such, is modulated according to the instructed goal of biting through an object. Study participants perform
PMID 24899675

Involvement of astroglial glutamate-glutamine shuttle in modulation of the jaw-opening reflex following infraorbital nerve injury.

Mostafeezur RM1, Shinoda M, Unno S, Zakir HM, Takatsuji H, Takahashi K, Yamada Y, Yamamura K, Iwata K, Kitagawa J.
The European journal of neuroscience.Eur J Neurosci.2014 Jun;39(12):2050-9. doi: 10.1111/ejn.12562. Epub 2014 Mar 25.
To evaluate the mechanisms underlying orofacial motor dysfunction associated with trigeminal nerve injury, we studied the astroglial cell activation following chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the infraorbital nerve (ION) immunohistochemically, nocifensive behavior in ION-CCI rats, and the effect
PMID 24666367