WordNet

interrupt, break, or destroy; "fracture the balance of power"
breaking of hard tissue such as bone; "it was a nasty fracture"; "the break seems to have been caused by a fall" (同)break
fracture a bone of; "I broke my foot while playing hockey" (同)break
become fractured; "The tibia fractured from the blow of the iron pipe"
break (a bone); "She broke her clavicle"
break into pieces; "The pothole fractured a bolt on the axle"
violate or abuse; "This writer really fractures the language"
the act of cracking something (同)crack, cracking
of or relating to or near the femur or thigh

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈U〉(特に)骨を折ること;骨を折った状熊 / 〈C〉割れ(裂け)目,(鉱物の)破砕面 / 〈足・腕などを〉‘を'骨折する;…‘を'砕く / 骨折する;砕ける

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/01/19 02:49:08」(JST)

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A femoral fracture is a bone fracture that involves the femur.

Femoral shaft fractures

Femoral shaft fractures can be classified with the Winquist and Hansen classification, which is based on the amount of comminution:^[1]

Distal femur fractures

Fractures of the inferior or distal femur may be complicated by separation of the condyles, resulting in misalignment of the articular surfaces of the knee joint, or by hemorrhage from the large popliteal artery that runs directly on the posterior surface of the bone. This fracture compromises the blood supply to the leg (an occurrence that should always be considered in knee fractures or dislocations).^[2]

Treatment

Treatment depends on the part of the femur that is fractured. Traction may be useful for femoral shaft fractures because it counteracts the force of the muscle pulling the two separated parts together, and thus may decrease bleeding and pain.^[3] Traction should not be used in femoral neck fractures or when there is any other trauma to the leg or pelvis.^[4]^[5]

References

^ Page 612 in: Title Surgical treatment of orthopaedic trauma. Authors: James P. Stannard, Andrew H. Schmidt, Philip J. Kregor. Publisher: Thieme, 2007. ISBN 1-58890-307-9, ISBN 978-1-58890-307-5
^ Keith L. Moore, Arthur F. Dalley, Anne M.R. Agur. p527 of Clinical Oriented Anatomy 7th edition ISBN 978-1-4511-8447-1
^ Tintinalli, Judith E. (2010). Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide (Emergency Medicine (Tintinalli)). New York: McGraw-Hill Companies. p. 9. ISBN 0-07-148480-9.
^ AAOS. "29". In Andrew N. Pollak MD. FAAOS. Emergency Care and Transport of the Sick and Injured (Print) (10 ed.). Sudbury, Massachusetts: Jones and Bartlett. pp. 1025–1031. ISBN 978-1-4496-3056-0. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
^ Marx, John A. (2014). Rosen's emergency medicine : concepts and clinical practice (Eighth edition. ed.). London: Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 680. ISBN 9781455749874.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 成人における大腿骨骨幹部骨折 midshaft femur fractures in adults
2. 小児における大腿骨遠位部骨折 distal femoral fractures in children
3. 小児における大腿骨骨幹部骨折 femoral shaft fractures in children
4. 成人における股関節骨折 hip fractures in adults
5. 小児における股関節骨折 hip fractures in children

English Journal

QCT/FEA predictions of femoral stiffness are strongly affected by boundary condition modeling.

Rossman T1, Kushvaha V1,2, Dragomir-Daescu D1,3.
Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering.Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin.2016 Feb;19(2):208-16. doi: 10.1080/10255842.2015.1006209. Epub 2015 Mar 25.
Quantitative computed tomography-based finite element models of proximal femora must be validated with cadaveric experiments before using them to assess fracture risk in osteoporotic patients. During validation, it is essential to carefully assess whether the boundary condition (BC) modeling matches
PMID 25804260

Self-deploying shape memory polymer scaffolds for grafting and stabilizing complex bone defects: A mouse femoral segmental defect study.

Baker RM1, Tseng LF1, Iannolo MT2, Oest ME3, Henderson JH4.
Biomaterials.Biomaterials.2016 Jan;76:388-98. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.10.064. Epub 2015 Oct 28.
Treatment of complex bone defects places a significant burden on the US health care system. Current strategies for treatment include grafting and stabilization using internal metal plates/screws, intramedullary rods, or external fixators. Here, we introduce the use of shape memory polymer (SMP) mate
PMID 26561935

Healing of osteoporotic bone defects by baculovirus-engineered bone marrow-derived MSCs expressing MicroRNA sponges.

Li KC1, Chang YH2, Yeh CL1, Hu YC3.
Biomaterials.Biomaterials.2016 Jan;74:155-66. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.09.046.
Fractures associated with osteoporosis are a worldwide health problem. To augment osteoporotic bone healing, we aimed to develop a cell/gene therapy approach in combination with miRNA manipulation. We unraveled aberrant overexpression of miR-140* and miR-214 in the bone marrow-derived MSCs isolated
PMID 26454414