WordNet

purely outward or superficial; "external composure"; "an external concern for reputation"- A.R.Gurney,Jr.
outward features; "he enjoyed the solemn externals of religion"
coming from the outside; "extraneous light in the camera spoiled the photograph"; "relying upon an extraneous income"; "disdaining outside pressure groups" (同)extraneous, outside
from or between other countries; "external commerce"; "international trade"; "developing nations need outside help" (同)international, outside
happening or arising or located outside or beyond some limits or especially surface; "the external auditory canal"; "external pressures"
capable of resuming original shape after stretching or compression; springy; "an elastic band"; "a youthful and elastic walk"
a fabric made of yarns containing an elastic material
able to adjust readily to different conditions; "an adaptable person"; "a flexible personality"; "an elastic clause in a contract" (同)flexible, pliable, pliant
a thin plate or layer (especially of bone or mineral)
a nonresident doctor or medical student; connected with a hospital but not living there (同)medical extern

PrepTutorEJDIC

『外側の』,外部の / (作用・動作などが)『外側からの』,外部からの / 表面上の,見せかけの / 体外の;体外用の / 外国の(foreign) / (…の)外観,外形《+『of』+『名』》
『弾力のある』,伸縮自在の / 融通性のある / ゴムひも;ゴムひもで作った物,靴下留め,ズボンつり
薄層,薄片,薄板

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 食物アレルギーの病因 pathogenesis of food allergy
2. 成人におけるセリアック病の病因、疫学、および臨床症状 pathogenesis epidemiology and clinical manifestations of celiac disease in adults
3. 外耳炎：病因、臨床的特徴、および診断 external otitis pathogenesis clinical features and diagnosis
4. 小児における除細動およびカルディオバージョン（自動体外式除細動期を含む） defibrillation and cardioversion in children including automated external defibrillation
5. 外耳炎：治療 external otitis treatment

English Journal

Sirolimus-loaded stealth colloidal systems attenuate neointimal hyperplasia after balloon injury: a comparison of phospholipid micelles and liposomes.

Haeri A, Sadeghian S, Rabbani S, Anvari MS, Lavasanifar A, Amini M, Dadashzadeh S.Author information Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.AbstractRestenosis after angioplasty remains a serious complication in clinical cardiology. This study aims to investigate the stealth colloidal systems for local intra-arterial drug delivery. Micelles from polyethylene glycol conjugated with phosphatidylethanolamine and PEGylated liposomes loaded with sirolimus were prepared and characterized with regard to their loading efficiency, particle size distribution, zeta potential, morphology, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, drug release profile and stability. The antirestenotic effects of the sirolimus-loaded micelles (14 nm) and liposomes (90 nm) were evaluated and compared in the rat carotid injury model following local intravascular delivery. In comparison to control groups, treatment of balloon injured rats with drug loaded micelles and nanoliposomes significantly reduced vascular stenosis by 42% and 19%, respectively (P<0.05). In addition, the luminal area was significantly enlarged by 39% and 60% following treatment with sirolimus-loaded liposomes and micelles, respectively (P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry revealed that sirolimus-loaded nanocarriers suppressed cell proliferation (Ki67-positive cells) as compared to control groups without affecting the density of smooth muscle actin staining. These results suggest that both colloidal nanocarriers could serve as effective intramural drug delivery systems for the treatment of restenosis; however, phospholipid based micelles provided better antirestenotic effects than PEGylated liposomes.
International journal of pharmaceutics.Int J Pharm.2013 Oct 15;455(1-2):320-30. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.07.003. Epub 2013 Jul 16.
Restenosis after angioplasty remains a serious complication in clinical cardiology. This study aims to investigate the stealth colloidal systems for local intra-arterial drug delivery. Micelles from polyethylene glycol conjugated with phosphatidylethanolamine and PEGylated liposomes loaded with siro
PMID 23867987

Is a swine model of arteriovenous malformation suitable for human extracranial arteriovenous malformation? A preliminary study.

Lv MM, Fan XD, Su LX.Author information Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China, lvmingming001@163.com.AbstractOBJECTIVE: A chronic arteriovenous malformation (AVM) model using the swine retia mirabilia (RMB) was developed and compared with the human extracranial AVM (EAVM) both in hemodynamics and pathology, to see if this brain AVM model can be used as an EAVM model.
Cardiovascular and interventional radiology.Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol.2013 Oct;36(5):1364-70. doi: 10.1007/s00270-013-0627-x. Epub 2013 May 8.
OBJECTIVE: A chronic arteriovenous malformation (AVM) model using the swine retia mirabilia (RMB) was developed and compared with the human extracranial AVM (EAVM) both in hemodynamics and pathology, to see if this brain AVM model can be used as an EAVM model.METHODS: We created an arteriovenous fis
PMID 23652418