WordNet

an ordered array of the components of an emission or wave
a broad range of related objects or values or qualities or ideas or activities
a significant change; "the difference in her is amazing"; "his support made a real difference"
the quality of being unlike or dissimilar; "there are many differences between jazz and rock"

PrepTutorEJDIC

スペクトル(光がプリズムを通過するとき生じる色の帯) / (電磁波・音波などの)範囲,スペクトル / (多様だが関連あるものの)連続[範囲]《+『of』+『名』》
『違い』,『相違点』,意見などの食い違い / 『差』,差額

UpToDate Contents

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1. 自閉症スペクトラム障害：プライマリケアにおけるサーベイランスおよびスクリーニング autism spectrum disorder surveillance and screening in primary care
2. 自閉症スペクトラム障害：臨床的特徴 autism spectrum disorder clinical features
3. 基質特異性拡張型β-ラクタマーゼ extended spectrum beta lactamases
4. 小児および思春期における自閉症スペクトラム障害：行動介入および教育的介入 autism spectrum disorder in children and adolescents behavioral and educational interventions
5. 自閉症スペクトラム障害：スクリーニングツール autism spectrum disorder screening tools

English Journal

Simulating the scanning of a focused beam through scattering media using a numerical solution of Maxwell's equations.

Elmaklizi A, Schäfer J, Kienle A.AbstractABSTRACT. A highly efficient method based on Maxwell's theory was developed, which enables the calculation of the scanning of a focused beam through scattering media. Maxwell's equations were numerically solved in two dimensions using finite difference time domain simulations. The modeling of the focused beam was achieved by applying the angular spectrum of plane waves method. The scanning of the focused beam through the scattering medium was accomplished by saving the results of the near field obtained from one simulation set of plane waves incident at different angles and by an appropriate post processing of these data. Thus, an arbitrary number of focus positions could be simulated without the need to further solve Maxwell's equations. The presented method can be used to efficiently study the light propagation of focused beam through scattering media which is important, for example, for different kinds of scanning microscopes.
Journal of biomedical optics.J Biomed Opt.2014 Jul 1;19(7):71404. doi: 10.1117/1.JBO.19.7.071404.
ABSTRACT. A highly efficient method based on Maxwell's theory was developed, which enables the calculation of the scanning of a focused beam through scattering media. Maxwell's equations were numerically solved in two dimensions using finite difference time domain simulations. The modeling of the fo
PMID 24395650

A novel formulation of thiamine dilaurylsulphate and its preservative effect on apple juice and sterilised milk.

Wei L1, Cheng J1, Meng Y2, Ren Y1, Deng H1, Guo Y1.Author information 1College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, PR China.2College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, PR China. Electronic address: mengyonghong@snnu.edu.cn.AbstractThiamine dilaurylsulphate (TLS), synthesised by a new method, was developed for a formulation with a wide antimicrobial spectrum and evaluated in apple juice and milk. The result of a disc diffusion method showed that TLS, which was synthesised from sodium lauryl sulphate and thiamine hydrochloride, had strong growth-inhibitory effects on Gram-positive bacteria, yeasts, and moulds, but had weak inhibitory effects on Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli. Moreover, the TLS antibacterial spectrum could be broadened to all microbes by formulation with organic acids, such as gluconic acid or acetic acid, since organic acids have synergistic effects on TLS bacteriostasis. Compared to TLS, the formulation had a better preservation in milk (pH 6.64) by viable microbial counting, although the antibacterial effect of the formulation with TLS showed no significant difference in apple juice (pH 3.98). Therefore, the TLS formulation has wide application and better potential, as a preservative, to enhance food safety.
Food chemistry.Food Chem.2014 Jun 1;152:415-22. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.11.159. Epub 2013 Dec 4.
Thiamine dilaurylsulphate (TLS), synthesised by a new method, was developed for a formulation with a wide antimicrobial spectrum and evaluated in apple juice and milk. The result of a disc diffusion method showed that TLS, which was synthesised from sodium lauryl sulphate and thiamine hydrochloride,
PMID 24444956

In vivo evaluation of a chip based near infrared sensor for continuous glucose monitoring.

Ben Mohammadi L, Klotzbuecher T, Sigloch S, Welzel K, Göddel M, Pieber TR, Schaupp L.Author information Institut fuer Mikrotechnik Mainz GmbH, Microstructuring and Sensors Department, Carl-Zeiss-Strasse 18-20, D-55129 Mainz, Germany. Electronic address: benmohammadi@imm-mainz.de.AbstractIn this paper we describe the concept and in vivo results of a minimally invasive, chip-based near infrared (NIR) sensor, combined with microdialysis, for continuous glucose monitoring. The sensor principle is based on difference absorption spectroscopy in selected wavelength bands of the near infrared spectrum (1300 nm, 1450 nm, and 1550 nm) in the 1st overtone band. In vitro measurements revealed a linear relationship between glucose concentration and the integrated difference spectroscopy signal with a coefficient of determination of 99% in the concentration range of 0-400mg/dl. The absolute error in this case is about 5mg/dl, corresponding to a relative error of about 5% for glucose concentrations larger than 50mg/dl and about 12% in the hypoglycemic range (<50mg/dl). In vivo measurements on 10 patients showed that the NIR-CGM sensor data reflects the blood reference values adequately, if a proper calibration and a signal drift correction is applied. The mean MARE (mean absolute relative error) value taken over all patient data is 13.8%. The best achieved MARE value is at 4.8%, whereas the worst lies at 25.8%, leading to a standard deviation of 5.5%.
Biosensors & bioelectronics.Biosens Bioelectron.2014 Mar 15;53:99-104. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2013.09.043. Epub 2013 Sep 27.
In this paper we describe the concept and in vivo results of a minimally invasive, chip-based near infrared (NIR) sensor, combined with microdialysis, for continuous glucose monitoring. The sensor principle is based on difference absorption spectroscopy in selected wavelength bands of the near infra
PMID 24125758