WordNet

an automatic instinctive unlearned reaction to a stimulus (同)reflex response, reflex action, instinctive reflex, innate reflex, inborn reflex, unconditioned_reflex, physiological reaction
(of leaves) bent downward and outward more than 90 degrees

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1. 幼児および小児における嚥下障害による誤嚥 aspiration due to swallowing dysfunction in infants and children
2. 緩和ケアにおける嚥下障害および誤嚥：定義、影響、病態生理、および病因 swallowing disorders and aspiration in palliative care definition consequences pathophysiology and etiology
3. 緩和ケアにおける嚥下障害および誤嚥：評価およびマネージメント戦略 swallowing disorders and aspiration in palliative care assessment and strategies for management
4. 新生児における哺乳障害および嚥下障害 sucking and swallowing disorders in the newborn
5. 頭頸部癌患者の言語および嚥下リハビリテーション speech and swallowing rehabilitation of the patient with head and neck cancer

Evaluation of volitional and reflexive swallowing in elderly patients with a history of pneumonia.

Kiyohara H, Umezaki T, Sawatsubashi M, Matsumoto N, Komune S.SourceDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology.Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol.2012 Mar;121(3):174-8.
OBJECTIVES: Precise assessment of the risk of aspiration is critical in older patients with a history of pneumonia. However, the currently popular videofluoroscopic and videoendoscopic examinations of swallowing only evaluate volitional swallowing. A method for quantitative analysis of reflexive swa
PMID 22530477

Knopke S, Coordes A, Ernst A, Seidl RO.SourceKlinik für Hals-, Nasen-, Ohrenheilkunde, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin.
HNO.HNO.2012 Mar;60(3):279-81.
MEDICAL HISTORY: A 49-year-old woman was referred to the ENT department with a 1.5-year history of dysphagia accompanied by globus sensation and regurgitation as well as recurrent syncopal attacks associated with swallowing solid foods.CLINICAL FINDINGS: Endoscopic examination revealed hyperplasia o
PMID 22286303

Kitagawa Junichi,Nakagawa Kazuharu,Hasegawa Momoko,Iwakami Tomoyo,Shingai Tomio,Yamada Yoshiaki,Iwata Koichi
Journal of Oral Science 51(2), 167-171, 2009
… To evaluate the cooperative effect of afferent signals from the pharynx and larynx on reflex swallowing, the interactive effect of afferent signals from the pharyngeal branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve (GPN-ph) and superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) was analyzed in detail in urethane-anesthetized rats. … The onset latency of reflex swallowing was measured to evaluate the effects of electrical stimulation of these nerves, and found to become shorter following an increase in the GPN-ph and/or SLN stimulus frequency. …
NAID 130000126106