WordNet

(botany) a tiny outgrowth on the surface of a petal or leaf
a small nipple-shaped protuberance concerned with taste, touch, or smell; "the papillae of the tongue"
a small projection of tissue at the base of a hair or tooth or feather
surround with or as if with a rampart or other fortification

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乳頭;(毛根・歯根などにある)微小乳頭状突起物

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/02/27 02:50:18」(JST)

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For other papillae in the tongue, see Papilla (disambiguation).

The circumvallate papillae (or vallate papillae) are dome-shaped structures on the human tongue that vary in number from eight to twelve.

They are situated on the dorsum of the tongue immediately in front of the foramen cecum and sulcus terminalis, forming a row on either side; the two rows run backward and medially, and meet in the midline.

Each papilla consists of a projection of mucous membrane from 1 to 2 mm. wide, attached to the bottom of a circular depression of the mucous membrane; the margin of the depression is elevated to form a wall (vallum), and between this and the papilla is a circular sulcus termed the fossa.

The papilla is shaped like a truncated cone, the smaller end being directed downward and attached to the tongue, the broader part or base projecting a little above the surface of the tongue and being studded with numerous small secondary papillæ and covered by stratified squamous epithelium.

Ducts of lingual salivary glands, referred to as Von Ebner's glands empty serous secretion into the base of the circular depression (moats). The function of the secretion is presumed to flush materials from the base of circular depression to ensure that taste buds can respond to changing stimuli rapidly. (Michael H. Ross, Histology: A text and alas 5th edition)

The circumvallate papillae get special afferent taste innervation from cranial nerve IX, the glossopharyngeal nerve, even though they are anterior to the sulcus terminalis. The rest of the anterior 2/3s of the tongue gets taste innervation from the chorda tympani of cranial nerve VII, distributed with the lingual nerve of cranial nerve V.

Additional images

The mouth cavity. The cheeks have been slit transversely and the tongue pulled forward.
Vallate papilla

External links

Overview and Diagram
vallate+papilla at eMedicine Dictionary

This anatomy article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

This article incorporates text from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy.

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English Journal

Expression of GAD67 and Dlx5 in the Taste Buds of Mice Genetically Lacking Mash1.

Kito-Shingaki A1, Seta Y2, Toyono T3, Kataoka S4, Kakinoki Y5, Yanagawa Y6, Toyoshima K3.
Chemical senses.Chem Senses.2014 Jun;39(5):403-14. doi: 10.1093/chemse/bju010. Epub 2014 Mar 28.
It has been reported that a subset of type III taste cells express glutamate decarboxylase (GAD)67, which is a molecule that synthesizes gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and that Mash1 could be a potential regulator of the development of GABAnergic neurons via Dlx transcription factors in the central
PMID 24682237

Anatomical and scanning electron microscopic characteristics of the tongue in the pampas deer (Cervidae: Ozotoceros bezoarticus, Linnaeus 1758).

Erdoğan S1, Pérez W.
Microscopy research and technique.Microsc Res Tech.2013 Oct;76(10):1025-34. doi: 10.1002/jemt.22263. Epub 2013 Jul 16.
This study represents the first definitive anatomical description of the tongue and lingual papillae of the pampas deer and compares the different information on the morphology of the other ruminant species available in the literature. In this study, the tongues of four adult and one fetal deer were
PMID 23857640

Innervation of the circumvallate papilla of the cat tongue.

Marettová E1, Maretta M.
Anatomia, histologia, embryologia.Anat Histol Embryol.2012 Aug;41(4):300-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0264.2012.01138.x. Epub 2012 Feb 15.
Immunohistochemically, the distribution of S-100 protein and acetylated tubulin-positive nerve fibres was studied in the circumvallate papilla and its taste buds (TB) in the adult cat. The immunostaining for acetylated tubulin demonstrated an extensive innervation of the circumvallate papilla. Veget
PMID 22335444

Japanese Journal

Osseous Choristoma in Child with Strong Vomiting Reflex

The Bulletin of Tokyo Dental College 55(4), 207-215, 2014
NAID 130004713441

Morphological Features of the Posterior Lingual Glands in the Gray Short-Tailed Opossums (<i>Monodelphis domestica</i>)

Journal of Hard Tissue Biology 22(4), 489-492, 2013
NAID 130004480621

Localization of type III collagen in the lingual mucosa of rats during the morphogenesis of circumvallate papillae

Odontology : Official journal of the Society of the Nippon Dental University = 歯学 100(1), 10-21, 2012-01-01
NAID 10030282774

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「舌乳頭」
関連記事	「papilla」

「舌乳頭」

Vallate papilla
	Circumvallate papilla in vertical section, showing arrangement of the taste-buds and nerves.
	Tongue
Latin	papillae vallatae, circumvallate papillae
Gray's	subject #242 1126
Code	TH H3.04.01.0.03010