WordNet

an impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning
caused by or altered by or manifesting disease or pathology; "diseased tonsils"; "a morbid growth"; "pathologic tissue"; "pathological bodily processes" (同)morbid, pathologic, pathological
tough elastic tissue; mostly converted to bone in adults (同)gristle

PrepTutorEJDIC

(体の)『病気』,疾患 / (精神・道徳などの)病気,病弊
女性の話術芸人 =diseur
病気にかかった / 病的な,不健全な(morbid)
軟骨[組織]

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1. Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition (CPPD) disease
2. 炎症性腸疾患における不妊、妊娠、および授乳 fertility pregnancy and nursing in inflammatory bowel disease
3. 関節リウマチ関連肺疾患の概要 overview of lung disease associated with rheumatoid arthritis
4. 大動脈弁硬化症および大動脈弁石灰化の病因 aortic valve sclerosis and pathogenesis of calcific aortic stenosis
5. 成人における慢性膝痛の放射線評価 radiologic evaluation of the chronically painful knee in adults

English Journal

Pathogenesis of relapsing polychondritis: A 2013 update.

Arnaud L, Mathian A, Haroche J, Gorochov G, Amoura Z.Author information Service de Médecine Interne 2, French National Reference Center for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and the Antiphospholipid Syndrome, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, F-75013 Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UPMC Univ Paris 06, F-75013 Paris, France; Institut National de la Recherche Médicale et de la Santé, INSERM UMR-S 945, Paris, France. Electronic address: Laurent.arnaud@psl.aphp.fr.AbstractRelapsing polychondritis (RP) is a systemic inflammatory disease primarily affecting not only the cartilaginous structures of the ears, nose and tracheobronchial tree but also the joints, the inner ear, the eyes, and the cardiovascular system. RP is an immune-mediated disease during which target antigens are still unknown, but data from human studies and murine models strongly support a role of both Collagen Type II (CII) and matrilin-1 as potential candidates. RP is likely a Th1-mediated disease as serum levels of interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin [IL]-12, and IL-2 parallel changes in disease activity, while the levels of Th2 cytokines do not. Serum levels of sTREM-1, interferon-γ, CCL4, vascular endothelial growth factor, and matrix metalloproteinases-3 are significantly higher in RP patients than in healthy donors, with sTREM-1 correlating with disease activity. Patients with active RP also have significantly higher levels of MCP-1, MIP-1β, MIF, and IL-8 than controls. These pro-inflammatory chemokines are involved in the modulation and recruitment of monocytes and neutrophils. Altogether, these data suggest that a complex cytokine network orchestrates the recruitment of infiltrating cells in RP lesions. Cytokine modulation using TNFα blockers, rituximab, anakinra, tocilizumab, and abatacept has recently been shown effective in some RP cases but further data are needed. Better understanding of the repertoire of infiltrating cells may provide interesting clues to further define the putative RP auto-antigens. Study of circulating mononuclear cells during RP flares may also provide crucial information about the ongoing cellular trafficking and recruitment processes involved in this rare disease.
Autoimmunity reviews.Autoimmun Rev.2014 Feb;13(2):90-5. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2013.07.005. Epub 2013 Sep 17.
Relapsing polychondritis (RP) is a systemic inflammatory disease primarily affecting not only the cartilaginous structures of the ears, nose and tracheobronchial tree but also the joints, the inner ear, the eyes, and the cardiovascular system. RP is an immune-mediated disease during which target ant
PMID 24051104

Human cathelicidin LL-37-derived peptide IG-19 confers protection in a murine model of collagen-induced arthritis.

Chow LN, Choi KY, Piyadasa H, Bossert M, Uzonna J, Klonisch T, Mookherjee N.Author information Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 3P4, Canada.AbstractCurrent therapies for autoimmune chronic inflammatory diseases e.g. rheumatoid arthritis (RA) include inhibitors of inflammatory cytokines. However, these therapies can result in increased risk of infections. There is a need to explore alternate strategies that can control inflammation without compromising the innate ability to resolve infections. In this study, we examined the effect of small peptides derived from endogenous cathelicidin peptides in a murine model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Cathelicidins are immunomodulatory peptides known to control infections. We demonstrate that the administration of the peptide IG-19, which represents an internal segment of the human cathelicidin LL-37, decreased disease severity and significantly reduced the serum levels of antibodies against collagen type II in the CIA model. IG-19 peptide reduced cellular infiltration in joints, prevented cartilage degradation and suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokines in the CIA mice. We also showed that not all cathelicidin-derived peptides exhibit similar functions. A bovine cathelicidin-derived peptide IDR-1018 did not exhibit the beneficial effects observed with the human cathelicidin LL-37-derived peptide IG-19, in the same murine model of CIA. This is the first study to provide evidence demonstrating the ability of a peptide derived from the human cathelicidin LL-37 to alleviate the arthritic disease process in a murine model of RA. Our results has lead us to propose a new approach for controlling autoimmune chronic inflammatory disorders such as RA, by using specific synthetic derivatives of endogenous host defence peptides. Cathelicidin-derived peptides are particularly attractive for their dual antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory actions.
Molecular immunology.Mol Immunol.2014 Feb;57(2):86-92. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2013.08.011. Epub 2013 Oct 1.
Current therapies for autoimmune chronic inflammatory diseases e.g. rheumatoid arthritis (RA) include inhibitors of inflammatory cytokines. However, these therapies can result in increased risk of infections. There is a need to explore alternate strategies that can control inflammation without compr
PMID 24091294

Pharmacological efficacy of anti-IL-1β scFv, Fab and full-length antibodies in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

Qi J, Ye X, Ren G, Kan F, Zhang Y, Guo M, Zhang Z, Li D.Author information Northeast Agricultural University, School of Life Science, No. 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, 150030 Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease that mainly causes the synovial joint inflammation and cartilage destruction. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is an important proinflammatory cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of RA. In this study, we constructed and expressed anti-IL-1β-full-length antibody in CHO-K1-SV, anti-IL-1β-Fab and anti-IL-1β-scFv in Rosetta. We compared the therapeutic efficacy of three anti-IL-1β antibodies for CIA mice. Mice with CIA were subcutaneously injected with humanized anti-IL-1β-scFv, anti-IL-1β-Fab or anti-IL-1β-full-length antibody. The effects of treatment were determined by arthritis severity score, autoreactive humoral, cellular immune responses, histological lesion and cytokines production. Compared with anti-IL-1β-scFv treatments, anti-IL-1β-Fab and anti-IL-1β-full-length antibody therapy resulted in more significant effect in alleviating the severity of arthritis by preventing bone damage and cartilage destruction, reducing humoral and cellular immune responses, and down-regulating the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-α and MMP-3 in inflammatory tissue. The therapeutic effects of anti-IL-1β-Fab and anti-IL-1β-full-length antibodies on CIA mice had no significant difference. However, production of anti-IL-1β-full-length antibody in eukaryotic system is, in general, time-consuming and more expensive than that of anti-IL-1β-Fab in prokaryotic systems. In conclusion, as a small molecule antibody, anti-IL-1β-Fab is an ideal candidate for RA therapy.
Molecular immunology.Mol Immunol.2014 Feb;57(2):59-65. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2013.08.002. Epub 2013 Sep 30.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease that mainly causes the synovial joint inflammation and cartilage destruction. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is an important proinflammatory cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of RA. In this study, we constructed and expressed anti-
PMID 24091292

Japanese Journal

Thermoresponsive thin hydrogel-grafted surfaces for biomedical applications

KOBAYASHI Jun,OKANO Teruo
Reactive and Functional Polymers 73(7), 939-944, 2013-07-00
… Additionally, thermoresponsive cell culture surfaces allow for the recovery of confluent cell monolayers, which have been clinically applied to ophthalmological treatments, dilated cardiomyopathy, esophageal ulcerations, periodontal disease, and cartilage injury. …
NAID 120005324312

Histone deacetylase inhibitors suppress mechanical stress-induced expression of RUNX-2 and ADAMTS-5 through the inhibition of the MAPK signaling pathway in cultured human chondrocytes

Saito T.,Nishida K.,Furumatsu T.,Yoshida A.,Ozawa M.,Ozaki T.
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage
… The results of the current study suggested a novel therapeutic role for HDAC inhibitors against degenerative joint disease such as osteoarthritis. …
NAID 120005311990

外耳に生じた骨外性骨肉腫例

平川治男,西康行,渡部泰輔,多田誠,上田勉,佐々木淳
耳鼻咽喉科臨床 106(9), 791-795, 2013
… the tumor was removed en bloc with the surrounding tissues including a part of the auricular cartilage, the temporal periosteum, and the meatus skin. … At present, the patient is still alive with no evidence of recurrence of the disease. …
NAID 130003374123