Chondropathy refers to a disease of the cartilage. It is frequently divided into 5 grades, with 0-2 defined as normal and 3-4 defined as diseased.
Some common diseases affecting/involving the cartilage
Achondroplasia: Reduced proliferation of chondrocytes in the epiphyseal plate of long bones during infancy and childhood, resulting in dwarfism.
Cartilage tumors
Costochondritis: Inflammation of cartilage in the ribs, causing chest pain.
Osteoarthritis: The cartilage covering bones (articular cartilage) is thinned, eventually completely worn out, resulting in a "bone against bone" joint, resulting in pain and reduced mobility. Osteoarthritis is very common, affects the joints exposed to high stress and is therefore considered the result of "wear and tear" rather than a true disease. It is treated by Arthroplasty, the replacement of the joint by a synthetic joint made of titanium and teflon. Chondroitin sulfate, a monomer of the polysaccharide portion of proteoglycan, has been shown to reduce the symptoms of osteoarthritis, possibly by increasing the synthesis of the extracellular matrix.
Spinal disc herniation: Asymmetrical compression of an intervertebral disc ruptures the sac-like disc, causing a herniation of its soft content. The hernia compresses the adjacent nerves and causes back pain.
Relapsing polychondritis: a destruction, probably autoimmune, of cartilage, especially of the nose and ears, causing disfiguration. Death occurs by suffocation as the larynx loses its rigidity and collapses.
Repairing articular cartilage damage
Though articular cartilage damage is not life-threatening, it does strongly affect the quality of life. Articular cartilage damage is often the cause of severe pain, swellings, strong barriers to mobility and severe restrictions to the patient's activities. Over the last decades, however, surgeons and biotech ventures[who?] have elaborated promising procedures[which?] that contribute to articular cartilage repair. These procedures do not, however, treat osteoarthritis.
External links
Classification
D
ICD-10: M91-M94
ICD-9-CM: 732-733
MeSH: D002357
[1] American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine
[2] The Steadman-Hawkins Clinic
v
t
e
Bone and joint disease (M80–M94, 730–733)
Bone
Inflammation
endocrine:
Osteitis fibrosa cystica
Brown tumor
infection:
Osteomyelitis
Sequestrum
Involucrum
Sesamoiditis
Brodie abscess
Periostitis
Vertebral osteomyelitis
Metabolic
Bone density
Osteoporosis
Juvenile
Osteopenia
Osteomalacia
Paget's disease of bone
Bone resorption
Osteolysis
Hajdu-Cheney syndrome
Ainhum
Gorham's disease
Other
Ischaemia
Avascular necrosis
Osteonecrosis of the jaw
Algoneurodystrophy
Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy
Nonossifying fibroma
Pseudarthrosis
Stress fracture
Fibrous dysplasia
Monostotic
Polyostotic
Skeletal fluorosis
bone cyst
Aneurysmal bone cyst
Hyperostosis
Infantile cortical hyperostosis
Osteosclerosis
Melorheostosis
Pycnodysostosis
Joint
Chondritis
Relapsing polychondritis
Other
Tietze's syndrome
Combined
Osteochondritis
Osteochondritis dissecans
Child
leg:
hip
Legg–Calvé–Perthes syndrome
tibia
Osgood-Schlatter disease
Blount's disease
foot
Köhler disease
Sever's disease
spine
Scheuermann’s disease
arm:
wrist
Kienbock's disease
elbow
Panner disease
English Journal
Environmental disruption of circadian rhythm predisposes mice to osteoarthritis-like changes in knee joint.
Kc R1, Li X1, Voigt RM2, Ellman MB1,3, Summa KC4, Vitaterna MH4, Keshavarizian A2,5,6,7, Turek FW4, Meng QJ8, Stein GS9, van Wijnen AJ10, Chen D1, Forsyth CB2, Im HJ1,3,11,12,13.
Journal of cellular physiology.J Cell Physiol.2015 Sep;230(9):2174-83. doi: 10.1002/jcp.24946.
Circadian rhythm dysfunction is linked to many diseases, yet pathophysiological roles in articular cartilage homeostasis and degenerative joint disease including osteoarthritis (OA) remains to be investigated in vivo. Here, we tested whether environmental or genetic disruption of circadian homeostas
Differential effects of the essential oils of Lavandula luisieri and Eryngium duriaei subsp. juresianum in cell models of two chronic inflammatory diseases.
Pharmaceutical biology.Pharm Biol.2015 Aug;53(8):1220-30. doi: 10.3109/13880209.2014.970701. Epub 2015 Jan 23.
CONTEXT: Effective drugs to treat osteoarthritis (OA) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are needed.OBJECTIVE: To identify essential oils (EOs) with anti-inflammatory activity in cell models of OA and IBD.MATERIALS AND METHODS: EOs from Eryngium duriaei subsp. juresianum (M. Laínz) M. Laínz (Api
The role of the Th17 cytokines IL-17 and IL-22 in Rheumatoid Arthritis pathogenesis and developments in cytokine immunotherapy.
Roeleveld DM1, Koenders MI2.
Cytokine.Cytokine.2015 Jul;74(1):101-7. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2014.10.006. Epub 2014 Nov 20.
Over the past few years, the importance of Interleukin (IL)-17 and T helper (Th)17 cells in the pathology of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) has become apparent. RA is a systemic autoimmune disease that affects up to 1% of the population worldwide. It is characterized by an inflamed, hyperplastic synovium
Retropatellar Chondropathy: What is it? What are the causes? How is it treated and what can you do about it? Read everything you need to know here! First of all the cartilage layer on the bone ends of the joints, plays an essential role in the mobility of the joints. ...
Given the findings from this study including 194 patients and 6-year follow-up, it has been observed that in cases with total meniscectomy and partial lateral meniscectomy, the chondropathy occurs in the first 5 years, 33.4% of the
PATELLAR CHONDROPATHY The patellar chondropathy is a pathological state of the cartilage located on the posterior surface of the patella, and which provokes pain all along the knee. The knee is one of the most important and complex joints in the body (anyone having suffered from injuries in them know their relevance). ...