WordNet

touch lightly and briefly; "He brushed the wall lightly"
the act of brushing your hair; "he gave his hair a quick brush" (同)brushing
the act of brushing your teeth; "the dentist recommended two brushes a day" (同)brushing
a minor short-term fight (同)clash, encounter, skirmish
a bushy tail or part of a bushy tail (especially of the fox)
an implement that has hairs or bristles firmly set into a handle
conducts current between rotating and stationary parts of a generator or motor
contact with something dangerous or undesirable; "I had a brush with danger on my way to work"; "he tried to avoid any brushes with the police"
a dense growth of bushes (同)brushwood, coppice, copse, thicket
momentary contact (同)light_touch
sweep across or over; "Her long skirt brushed the floor"; "A gasp swept cross the audience" (同)sweep
clean with a brush; "She brushed the suit before hanging it back into the closet"
cover by brushing; "brush the bread with melted butter"
remove with or as if with a brush; "brush away the crumbs"; "brush the dust from the jacket"; "brush aside the objections"
rub with a brush, or as if with a brush; "Johnson brushed the hairs from his jacket"
provide with a border or edge; "edge the tablecloth with embroidery" (同)edge
a strip forming the outer edge of something; "the rug had a wide blue border"
lie adjacent to another or share a boundary; "Canada adjoins the U.S."; "England marches with Scotland" (同)adjoin, edge, abut, march, butt, butt against, butt on
touched lightly in passing; grazed against; "of all the people brushed against in a normal day on a city street I remember not a one"
(of fabrics) having soft nap produced by brushing; "a dress of brushed cotton"; "a fleecy lining"; "napped fabrics" (同)fleecy, napped
(of hair or clothing) groomed with a brush; "with shining hair neatly brushed"; "the freshly brushed clothes hung in the closet"
having a border especially of a specified kind; sometimes used as a combining term; "black-bordered handkerchief"

PrepTutorEJDIC

『ブラシ』,『はけ』,毛筆,画筆 / ブラシをかけること;絵筆を使うこと,画法 / ブラシに似た物;キツネのしっぽなど / 小ぜり合い,いざこざ / (…が)さっとかすること《+『of』+『名』》 / (モーターの)ブラシ,刷子 / …‘に'『ブラシをかける』,'を'ブラシでこする(みがく,払う) / (ブラシをかけるようにして,手で)…'を'払いのける / (通りすがりに)…'を'さっとかする / (…を)かすめて通る,かする《+『past』(『by』,『against』)+『名』》
《米》《オーストラリア》しば,小枝 / やぶ,茂み
『ヘリ』,縁(ふち)端(はし);端に沿った部分 / (衣服・絵画などの)縁飾り,縁取り / 『国境』,境界;国境地方,辺境;《the B-》《米》米国とメキシコとの国境地方;《英》イングランドとスコットとの国境地方 / (…で)〈布・道など〉‘に'縁(へり)をつける《+『名』+『with』+『名』》 / 〈土地など〉‘に'接する / (…に)〈矢地などが〉『隣接する』《+『on』(『upon』)+『名』》 / ほとんど(…に)近い《+『on』(『upon』)+『名』》

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/04/14 12:07:08」(JST)

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Duodenum with brush border (microvillus)

Illustration of the brush border membrane of small intestinal villi

A brush border (striated border or brush border membrane) is the microvilli-covered surface of simple cuboidal epithelium and simple columnar epithelium cells found in certain locations of the body. Microvilli are approximately 100 nanometers in diameter and their length varies from approximately 100 to 2,000 nanometers in length. Because individual microvilli are so small and are tightly packed in the brush border, individual microvilli can only be resolved using electron microscopes;^[1] with a light microscope they can usually only be seen collectively as a fuzzy fringe at the surface of the epithelium. This fuzzy appearance gave rise to the term brush border, as early anatomists noted that this structure appeared very much like the bristles of a paintbrush.

Brush border cells are found in two main locations:

The small intestine tract: This is where absorption takes place.^[2]^[3]^[4] The brush borders of the intestinal lining are the site of terminal carbohydrate digestions. The microvilli that constitute the brush border have enzymes for this final part of digestion anchored into their apical plasma membrane as integral membrane proteins. These enzymes are found near to the transporters that will then allow absorption of the digested nutrients.
The kidney: Here the brush border is useful in distinguishing the proximal tubule (which possesses the brush border) from the distal tubule (which does not).^[5]^[6]

The brush border morphology increases a cell's surface area, a trait which is especially useful in absorptive cells. Cells that absorb substances need a large surface area in contact with the substance to be efficient.^[7]

In intestinal cells, the microvilli are referred to as striated border and are protoplasmic extensions contrary to villi which are submucosal folds, while in the kidneys, microvilli are referred to as brush border.^[8]

References

^ Histology image:21901loa from Vaughan, Deborah (2002). A Learning System in Histology: CD-ROM and Guide. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195151732.
^ Histology image:12202loa from Vaughan, Deborah (2002). A Learning System in Histology: CD-ROM and Guide. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195151732.
^ Histology image:11703loa from Vaughan, Deborah (2002). A Learning System in Histology: CD-ROM and Guide. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195151732.
^ Basic Histology - Intestinal Columnar Epithelium
^ Histology image: 35_19 at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center - Kidney
^ Histology at KUMC urinary-renal13 "Tubules"
^ Southern Illinois School of Medicine: Specialized GI Cells
^ Ross, Michael H. Histology : a text and atlas / Michael H. Ross, Wojech Pawlina., -5th ed. p 102.

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Wang B1, Li B2.
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Japanese Journal

Intrarenal Distributions and Changes of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 in Feline and Canine Chronic Kidney Disease

MITANI Sawane,YABUKI Akira,SAWA Mariko,CHANG Hye-Sook,YAMATO Osamu
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 2013
… ACE immunoreactivity was predominantly observed in the brush border of the proximal tubules in dogs and cats. …
NAID 130003362296