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liquid in which meat and vegetables are simmered; used as a basis for e.g. soups or sauces; "she made gravy with a base of beef stock" (同)stock
a thin soup of meat or fish or vegetable stock
a clear seasoned broth
(archaic as adverb) in a brotherly manner
like or characteristic of or befitting a brother; "brotherly feelings"; "close fraternal ties" (同)brotherlike, fraternal
the friendship characteristic of blood brothers
a stock made with beef (同)beef stock
an older brother

PrepTutorEJDIC

蒲いスープ,(肉・さかなの)煮つゆ
ブイヨン(牛肉・鶏肉などの澄ましスープ)
兄弟の,兄弟らしい

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/09/27 11:03:46」(JST)

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This article is about the food. For the microbial nutrient broth, see growth medium.

Broth is a liquid food preparation, typically consisting of either water or an already flavored stock, in which bones, meat, fish, cereal grains, or vegetables have been simmered.^[1] Broth is used as a basis for other edible liquids such as soup, gravy, or sauce. It can be eaten alone or with garnish. If other ingredients are used, such as rice, pearl barley or oats, it is then generally called soup.

Commercially prepared liquid broths are available, typically for chicken broth, beef broth, and vegetable broth. Dehydrated meat stock, in the form of tablets, is called a bouillon cube. Industrially produced bouillon cubes were commercialised by Maggi in 1908 and by Oxo in 1910. Using commercially-prepared broths allows cooks to save time in the kitchen.

Refining[edit]

Broth has been made for many years using the animal bones which, traditionally, are boiled in a cooking pot for long periods to extract the flavor and nutrients. The bones may or may not have meat still on them.

When it is necessary to clarify, i.e., purify, or refine a broth, e.g. for a cleaner presentation, egg whites may be added during simmering – the egg whites will coagulate, trapping sediment and turbidity into a readily strained mass. Not allowing the original preparation to boil will increase the clarity.

Roasted bones will add a rich flavor to the broth but also a dark color.

A commercially-prepared broth

Cultural distinctions[edit]

In Britain, a broth is defined as a soup in which there are solid pieces of meat or fish, along with some vegetables. A broth is usually made with a stock or plain water as its base, with meat or fish added while being brought to a boil, and vegetables added later. Being a thin and watery soup, broth is frequently made more substantial by adding rice, barley or pulses.^[2]^[3] Broth is distinct from stock, which is a thin liquid made by simmering raw ingredients until all the taste has been retrieved from them, then sieving the resulting liquid.

United States cooking schools often differentiate between broth, usually made from portions of animal meat, and stock often made from vegetable scraps and bones.

In East Asia (particularly Japan), a form of kelp called kombu is often used as the basis for broths (called dashi in Japanese).

In the Maldives the tuna broth known as garudiya is a basic food item, but it is not eaten as a soup in the general sense of the term.^[4]

References[edit]

^ Rombauer, Irma S.; Marion Rombauer Becker, Ethan Becker (1997). Joy of Cooking. 1230 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10020: Scribner. p. 42. ISBN 0-684-81870-1.
^ Spaull, Susan; Lucinda Bruce-Gardyne (2003). Leith's Techniques Bible. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 38 Soho Square, london W1D 3 HB: Bloomsbury. p. 661. ISBN 0-7475-6046-3.
^ Barham, Peter (2001). The Science of Cooking. Springer-Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer. p. 127. ISBN 3-540-67466-7.
^ Xavier Romero-Frias, The Maldive Islanders, A Study of the Popular Culture of an Ancient Ocean Kingdom, Barcelona 1999, ISBN 84-7254-801-5

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