WordNet

a female person who has the same parents as another person; "my sister married a musician" (同)sis
a female person who is a fellow member of a sorority or labor union or other group; "none of her sisters would betray her"
a male with the same parents as someone else; "my brother still lives with our parents" (同)blood_brother
used as a term of address for those male persons engaged in the same movement; "Greetings, comrade!" (同)comrade
a male person who is a fellow member (of a fraternity or religion or other group); "none of his brothers would betray him"
a persons brother or sister (同)sib
the kinship relation between a female offspring and the siblings (同)sistership
an association or society of women who are linked together by a common religion or trade or interest (同)sistership
a religious society of women who live together as sisters (especially an order of nuns)
a journalist who specializes in sentimental stories
(Roman Catholic Church) a title given to a nun (and used as a form of address); "the Sisters taught her to love God"

PrepTutorEJDIC

(父母,またその一方が同じ)『~』,『妹』,女のきょうだい / (姉妹のように)親しい女の友(仲間) / (教会・クラブなどの)婦人会員 / (カトリック教会の)修道女,尼僧,シスター / 《英》看護婦長 / 姉妹のような関係にある
『兄弟』,『兄』,『弟』 / 同僚,仲間;同業者 / 《文》同胞;同一教会員,同じ信仰の友 / (失望・不快・驚きを表して)いまいましい,さきしょう
きょうだい[のひとり](兄・弟・姉・妹のどれか)
〈U〉姉妹の関係;(姉妹のような)友好関係 / (結びついた)集団,グループ / 〈C〉婦人の宗教団体,修道女会
異母姉妹,腹違い
抵抗する人
平修道女

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/04/27 13:04:58」(JST)

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A sister is the female sibling.

Overview

Two child sisters

Three sisters

The term sister comes from Old Norse systir which itself derives from Proto-Germanic *swestēr, both of whom have the same meaning, i.e. sister. Some studies have found that sisters display more traits indicating jealousy around their siblings than their male counterparts, brothers.^[1] In some cultures, sisters are afforded a role of being under the protection by male siblings, especially older brothers from issues ranging from bullies or sexual advances by womanizers.^[2] In some quarters the term sister has gradually broadened its colloquial meaning to include individuals stipulating kinship.^[3] In response, in order to avoid equivocation, some publishers prefer the usage of female sibling over sister.^[4]

Studies

Various studies have shown that an older sister is likely to give a varied gender role to their younger siblings as well as being more likely to develop a close bond with their younger siblings.^[5] Older sisters are more likely to play with their younger siblings.^[6] Younger siblings display a more needy behavior when in close proximity to their older sister^[7] and are more likely to be tolerant of an older sisters bad behavior.^[8] Boys with only an older sister are more likely to display stereotypically male behavior, and such masculine boys increased their masculine behavior with the more sisters they have.^[9] The reverse is true for young boys with several sisters, as they tend to be feminine, however they outgrow this by the time they approach pubescence.^[10] Boys with older sisters were less likely to be delinquent or have emotional and behavioral disorders.^[11] A younger sister is less likely to be scolded by older siblings than a younger brother.^[12] The most common recreational activity between older brother/younger sister pairs was art drawing.^[5] Some studies also found a correlation between having an older sister and constructive discussions about safe sexual practises.^[13]

Famous sisters

Singers and actresses Britney Spears and Jamie Lynn Spears
Singers-songwriters and actresses Jessica Simpson and Ashlee Simpson
Actresses and singers Hilary Duff and Haylie Duff
Fashion designers Mary-Kate Olsen and Ashley Olsen, also known as "The Olsen Twins"
Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia, Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna of Russia, Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia and Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna of Russia. They're also known by the acronym OTMA.
Mary I of England and Elizabeth I of England

Fictional works about sisters

Hanging Up
Hannah and Her Sisters
Hope & Faith
In Her Shoes
Sisters (TV series)
What I Like About You

References

^ Volling, B. L.; McElwain, N.L.; Miller, A.L. (2002). "Emotion Regulation in Context: The Jealousy Complex between Young Siblings and its Relations with Child and Family Characteristics". Child Development 73 (2): 581–600.
^ Handbook of Cultural Psychiatry - Page 67, Wen-Shing Tseng - 2001
^ van der Burghe, Pierre (1987). The Ethnic Phenomenon. p. 27.
^ Olshewsky, Thomas (1969). Problems in the philosophy of language. p. 286.
^ ^a ^b Gender - Page 53, Leanne Franklin - 2012
^ Play from Birth to Twelve: Contexts, Perspectives, and Meanings, , Doris Bergen 2015
^ Sisters and Brothers - Page 78, Judy Dunn - 1985
^ The Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Volume 4, Charles B. Nemeroff, 2002 p 1524
^ Gender Development - Page 300,Lynn S. Liben - 2009
^ Gender Development, Sheri A. Berenbaum, 2013
^ Advances in Child Development and Behavior, Volume 26, p 161, 1996
^ He & she: how children develop their sex role identity, Wendy Schempp Matthews - 1979 p 162
^ Handbook of Adolescent Psychology, Contextual Influences on Adolescent Development, Laurence Steinberg, PhD - 2009 p 61

External links

The dictionary definition of sister at Wiktionary

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

Proteocephalid tapeworms (Cestoda: Onchoproteocephalidea) of loaches (Cobitoidea): Evidence for monophyly and high endemism of parasites in the Far East.

Scholz T1, de Chambrier A2, Shimazu T3, Ermolenko A4, Waeschenbach A5.
Parasitology international.Parasitol Int.2017 Feb;66(1):871-883. doi: 10.1016/j.parint.2016.09.016. Epub 2016 Oct 1.
The parasite fauna of loaches (Cypriniformes: Cobitoidea), a group of small bottom-dwelling freshwater fishes with a mostly Eurasian distribution, remains a largely unknown quantity. Here we revise the taxonomy of tapeworms of the genus Proteocephalus Weinland, 1858 (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae) that
PMID 27702602

Characterization of complete mitochondrial genome of fives tripe wrasse (Thalassoma quinquevittatum, Lay & Bennett, 1839) and phylogenetic analysis.

Zhu K1, Wu N1, Sun X1, Guo H1, Zhang N1, Jiang S2, Zhang D3.
Gene.Gene.2017 Jan 20;598:71-78. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.10.042. Epub 2016 Nov 2.
To further supplement the genome-level features in related species, T. quinquevittatum complete mtDNA was firstly sequenced and de novo assembled by next-generation sequencing. The full-length mtDNA of T. quinquevittatum was a 16,896bp fragment, which was atypical of Labridae, with 2 ribosomal RNA (
PMID 27816474

Disordered zonal and cellular CYP11B2 enzyme expression in familial hyperaldosteronism type 3.

Gomez-Sanchez CE1, Qi X2, Gomez-Sanchez EP3, Sasano H4, Bohlen MO5, Wisgerhof M6.
Molecular and cellular endocrinology.Mol Cell Endocrinol.2017 Jan 5;439:74-80. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.10.025. Epub 2016 Oct 25.
Three forms of familial primary aldosteronism have been recognized. Familial Hyperaldosteronism type 1 (FH1) or dexamethasone suppressible hyperaldosteronism, FH2, the most common form of as yet unknown cause(s), and FH3. FH3 is due to activating mutations of the potassium channel gene KCNJ5 that in
PMID 27793677

Statistical learning in songbirds: from self-tutoring to song culture.

Fehér O1, Ljubičić I2,3, Suzuki K4, Okanoya K5, Tchernichovski O2,6.
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences.Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci.2017 Jan 5;372(1711). pii: 20160053.
At the onset of vocal development, both songbirds and humans produce variable vocal babbling with broadly distributed acoustic features. Over development, these vocalizations differentiate into the well-defined, categorical signals that characterize adult vocal behaviour. A broadly distributed signa
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