WordNet

an impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning
caused by or altered by or manifesting disease or pathology; "diseased tonsils"; "a morbid growth"; "pathologic tissue"; "pathological bodily processes" (同)morbid, pathologic, pathological
of or relating to the immune response of the body against substance normally present in the body

PrepTutorEJDIC

(体の)『病気』,疾患 / (精神・道徳などの)病気,病弊
女性の話術芸人 =diseur
病気にかかった / 病的な,不健全な(morbid)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/07/04 23:48:39」(JST)

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Autoimmune diseases arise from an abnormal immune response of the body against substances and tissues normally present in the body (autoimmunity). This may be restricted to certain organs (e.g. in autoimmune thyroiditis) or involve a particular tissue in different places (e.g. Goodpasture's disease which may affect the basement membrane in both the lung and the kidney). The treatment of autoimmune diseases is typically with immunosuppression—medication that decreases the immune response. A large number of autoimmune diseases are recognized. A major understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of autoimmune diseases has been the application of genome wide association scans that have identified a striking degree of genetic sharing among the autoimmune diseases.^[1]

Criteria

For a disease to be regarded as an autoimmune disease it needs to answer to Witebsky's postulates (first formulated by Ernst Witebsky and colleagues in 1957 and modified in 1994):^[2]^[3]

Direct evidence from transfer of pathogenic antibody or pathogenic T cells
Indirect evidence based on reproduction of the autoimmune disease in experimental animals
Circumstantial evidence from clinical clues
Genetic architecture clustering with other autoimmune diseases

Effects

It has been estimated that autoimmune diseases are among the ten leading causes of death among women in all age groups up to 65 years.^[4]

A substantial minority of the population suffers from these diseases, which are often chronic, debilitating, and life-threatening. There are more than eighty illnesses caused by autoimmunity.^[5]

Classification

It is possible to classify autoimmune diseases by corresponding type of hypersensitivity: type II, type III, or type IV. (No type of autoimmune disease mimics type I hypersensitivity.)^[6]

There is continuing debate about when a disease should be considered autoimmune, leading to different criteria such as Witebsky's postulates.

This is an incomplete list, which may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.

Name:	Accepted/ suspected	Hypersensitivity I, II, III, IV	Autoantibody	Notes
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)	Accepted^[7]
Addison's disease			interferon omega; transglutaminase; aromatic acid carboxylase; GAD; HAI; 17 hydroxylase; 21 hydroxylase
Agammaglobulinemia				IGHM; IGLL1: CD79A; CD79B; BLNK; LRRC8A
Alopecia areata	Accepted^[8]^[9]		T-cells
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Also Lou Gehrig's disease; Motor Neuron Disease)				VCP, ATXN2, OPTN, FIG4, TARDBP, ANG, VAPB, FUS, SETX, ALS2, SOD1
Ankylosing Spondylitis	Suspected^[10]^[11]			CD8; HLA-B27
Antiphospholipid syndrome	Accepted^[7]		anti-cardiolipin;anti pyruvate dehydrogenase; β2 glycoprotein I; phosphatidylserine; anti apoH; Annexin A5	HLA-DR7, HLA-B8, HLA-DR2, HLA-DR3
Antisynthetase syndrome
Atopic allergy		I
Atopic dermatitis		I
Autoimmune aplastic anemia
Autoimmune cardiomyopathy	Accepted
Autoimmune enteropathy
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia	Accepted	II		complement activation
Autoimmune hepatitis	Accepted	cell-mediated	anti-mitochondrial antibodies; ANA; anti-smooth muscle antibodies, LKM-1; soluble liver antigen
Autoimmune inner ear disease	Accepted		^[12]
Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome	Accepted			TNFRSF6; defective Fas-CD95 apoptosis
Autoimmune peripheral neuropathy	Accepted
Autoimmune pancreatitis	Accepted		ANA; anti-lactoferrin antibodiesanti-carbonic anhydrase antibodies; rheumatoid factor
Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome	Accepted	Unknown or multiple		APS-1 see Addison's disease
Autoimmune progesterone dermatitis	Accepted
Autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura	Accepted		anti gpIIb-IIIa or 1b-IX
Autoimmune urticaria	Accepted	^[13]
Autoimmune uveitis	Accepted		HLAB-27?
Balo disease/Balo concentric sclerosis
Behçet's disease	Accepted			immune-mediated systemic vasculitis; linkage to HLA-B51 (HLA-B27); very different manifestations with ulcers as common symptom; also called Morbus Adamandiades-Behçet
Berger's disease			IgA (elevated in 50% of patients), IgA (in mesangial deposits on kidney biopsy)
Bickerstaff's encephalitis			Anti-GQ1b 2/3 patients	similar to Guillain-Barré syndrome
Blau syndrome				overlaps both sarcoidosis and granuloma annulare
Bullous pemphigoid			IgG autoantibodies targeting the type XVII collagen component of hemidesmosomes	^[14]
Cancer
Castleman's disease				Over expression of IL-6
Celiac disease	Accepted^[15]^[16]^[17]	IV??	Anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies anti-endomysial IgA, anti-gliadin IgA	HLA-DQ8 and DQ2.5
Chagas disease	Suspected^[18]
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy			Anti-ganglioside antibodies:anti-GM1, anti-GD1a, anti-GQ1b	similar to Guillain-Barré syndrome
Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis				LPIN2, D18S60,similar to Majeed syndrome
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	Suspected^[19]^[20]
Churg-Strauss syndrome			p-ANCA Eosinophilia^[21]
Cicatricial pemphigoid			anti-BP-1, anti BP-2	precipitates C3
Cogan syndrome
Cold agglutinin disease	Accepted	II	IgM	idiopathic or secondary to leukemia or infection
Complement component 2 deficiency
Contact dermatitis		IV
Cranial arteritis				aka Temporal arteritis; involves giant cells
CREST syndrome			Anti-centromere antibodies Anti-nuclear antibodies
Crohn's disease	Immune related^[22]	IV		Innate immunity; Th17; Th1; ATG16L1; CARD15;XBP1;
Cushing's Syndrome			cortisol binding globulin?
Cutaneous leukocytoclastic angiitis				neutrophils
Dego's disease				Vasculopathy
Dercum's disease	Suspected			Lipoid tissue.^[23]
Dermatitis herpetiformis			IgA Eosinophilia;^[21] anti-epidermal transglutaminase antibodies
Dermatomyositis	Accepted^[24]		histidine-tRNA anti-signal recognition peptide Anti-Mi-2 Anti-Jo1.^[25]	B- and T-cell perivascular inflammatory infiltrate on muscle biopsy
Diabetes mellitus type 1	Accepted^[7]	IV	Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADA), islet cell antibodies (ICA), and insulinoma-associated autoantibodies (IA-2), anti-insulin antibodies	HLA-DR3, HLA-DR4
Diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis			anti-nuclear antibodies, anti-centromere and anti-scl70/anti-topoisomerase antibodies^[26]	COL1A2 and TGF-β1
Dressler's syndrome			myocardial neo-antigens formed as a result of the MI
Drug-induced lupus			Anti-histone antibodies
Discoid lupus erythematosus		III		IL-2 and IFN-gamma>^[27]
Eczema				LEKTI, SPINK5,^[28] filaggrin.,^[29] Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and Substance P.^[30]
Endometriosis	Suspected^[31]
Enthesitis-related arthritis^[32]			.	MMP3^[33] TRLR2, TLR4,^[34] ERAP1^[35]
Eosinophilic fasciitis	Accepted
Eosinophilic gastroenteritis			IgE	IL-3, IL-5, GM-CSF, eotaxin
Eosinophilic pneumonia
Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita				COL7A1
Erythema nodosum
Erythroblastosis fetalis		II	ABO, Rh, Kell antibodies	mother's immune system attacks fetus
Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia
Evan's syndrome
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva				ACVR1 Lymphocytes express increased BMP4
Fibrosing alveolitis (or Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis)				SFTPA1, SFTPA2, TERT, and TERC.^[36]
Gastritis			serum antiparietal and anti-IF antibodies
Gastrointestinal pemphigoid	Accepted
Glomerulonephritis	Sometimes		IgA	see Buerger's disease for IgA; Membranous glomerulonephritis for IgG; Membranoproliferative/mesangiocapillary GN (Complement activation); Goodpasture's syndrome; Wegener's granulomatosis
Goodpasture's syndrome	Accepted^[7]	II	Anti-Basement Membrane Collagen Type IV Protein
Graves' disease	Accepted^[7]	II	thyroid autoantibodies (TSHR-Ab) that activate the TSH-receptor (TSHR)
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS)	Accepted^[7]	IV	Anti-ganglioside
Hashimoto's encephalopathy	Accepted^[7]	IV	alpha-enolase^[37]
Hashimoto's thyroiditis	Accepted^[7]	IV	antibodies against thyroid peroxidase and/or thyroglobulin	HLADR5, CTLA-4
Henoch-Schonlein purpura			immunoglobulin A (IgA) and complement component 3 (C3)
Herpes gestationis aka Gestational Pemphigoid			IgG and C3 misdirected antibodies intended to protect the placenta
Hidradenitis suppurativa	Suspected^[38]
Hughes-Stovin syndrome
Hypogammaglobulinemia				IGHM, IGLL1, CD79A, BLNK, LRRC8A, CD79B
Idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating diseases				a variant of multiple sclerosis
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis				SFTPA1, SFTPA2, TERT, and TERC.^[36]
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (See Autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura)	Accepted^[7]	II		glycoproteins IIb-IIIa or Ib-IX, immunoglobulin G
IgA nephropathy		III?	IgA produced from marrow rather than MALT
Inclusion body myositis				similar to polymyositis but does not respond to steroid therapy-activated T8 cells
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy			anti-ganglioside antibodies	similar to Guillain–Barré syndrome
Interstitial cystitis	Suspected^[39]			Mast cells
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis aka Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis			inconsistent ANA Rheumatoid factor
Kawasaki's disease	Suspected			ITPKC HLA-B51
Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome			voltage-gated calcium channels; Q-type calcium channel, synaptogagmin, muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1	HLA-DR3-B8
Leukocytoclastic vasculitis
Lichen planus
Lichen sclerosus
Linear IgA disease (LAD)
Lupoid hepatitis aka Autoimmune hepatitis			ANA and SMA,^[40] LKM-1, LKM-2 or LKM-3; antibodies against soluble liver antigen^[41]^[42] (anti-SLA, anti-LP) no autoantibodies detected (~20%)^{[citation needed]}
Lupus erythematosus	Accepted^[7]	III	Anti-nuclear antibodies^[43] anti-Ro.^[44] Also, they are often present in Sjögren's syndrome.^[45]^[46]Eosinophilia^[21]
Majeed syndrome				LPIN2
Ménière's disease		III?	major peripheral myelin protein P0^[47]
Microscopic polyangiitis			p-ANCA myeloperoxidase	binds to neutrophils causing them to degranulate and damages endothelium
Miller-Fisher syndrome see Guillain-Barre Syndrome	Accepted		anti-GQ1b
Mixed connective tissue disease	Accepted^[7]		anti-nuclear antibody anti-U1-RNP	HLA-DR4
Morphea	Suspected^[48]
Mucha-Habermann disease aka Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta				T-cells
Multiple sclerosis	Accepted^[49]	IV	Anti-Kir4.1 (heterogeneous)^[49]	Autoantibody against potasium channel. Also invoved HLA-DR2, PECAM-1^[50] Anti-myelin basic protein
Myasthenia gravis	Accepted^[7]	II	nicotinic acetylcholine receptor MuSK protein	HA-B8 HLA-DR3 HLA-DR1
Microscopic colitis	Suspected
Myositis				see Dermatomyositis and Polymyositis see Inclusion-body-myositis
Narcolepsy^[51]^[52]	Accepted	II?	hypocretin or orexin^[53]	HLA-DQB1*0602^[54]
Neuromyelitis optica (also Devic's disease)		II?	NMO-IgG aquaporin 4.^[55]^[56]
Neuromyotonia	Suspected^[57]	II?	voltage-gated potassium channels.^[57]
Occular cicatricial pemphigoid		II?	BP-1, BP-2	C3 deposition
Opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome	Suspected	IV?		Lymphocyte recruitment to CSF^[58]
Ord's thyroiditis
Palindromic rheumatism			anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP) and antikeratin antibodies (AKA)^[59]
PANDAS (pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcus)	Suspected	II?		antibodies against streptococcal infection serve as auto-antibodies
Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration		IV?^[60] II?	anti-Yo^[61] (anti-cdr-2^[62] in purkinje fibers) anti-Hu, anti-Tr, antiglutamate receptor
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH)	Sometimes(?)			complement attacks RBCs
Parry Romberg syndrome			ANA
Parsonage-Turner syndrome
Pars planitis
Pemphigus vulgaris	Accepted^[7]	II	Anti-Desmoglein 3 eosinophilia^[21]
Pernicious anaemia	Accepted^[63]	II	anti-parietal cell antibody
Perivenous encephalomyelitis
POEMS syndrome				interleukin 1β, interleukin 6 and TNFα. vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), given the .^[64]
Polyarteritis nodosa
Polymyalgia rheumatica
Polymyositis	Accepted^[24]		IFN-gamma, IL-1, TNF-alpha
Primary biliary cirrhosis	Accepted^[65]		Anti-p62, Anti-sp100, Anti-Mitochondrial(M2)Anti-Ro aka SSA.^[44] Also, they are often present in Sjögren's syndrome.^[45]^[46]
Primary sclerosing cholangitis			HLA-DR52a	overlap with primary biliary cirrhosis?
Progressive inflammatory neuropathy	Suspected
Psoriasis	Accepted^[66]	IV?		CD-8 T-cells, HLA-Cw6, IL-12b, IL-23b, TNFalpha, NF-κB
Psoriatic arthritis	Accepted^[67]	IV?		HLA-B27
Pyoderma gangrenosum				Can occur in conjunction with other immune-related disorders
Pure red cell aplasia
Rasmussen's encephalitis			anti-NR2A antibodies
Raynaud phenomenon	Suspected			Can occur in conjunction with other immune-related disorders
Relapsing polychondritis	Accepted^[68]
Reiter's syndrome
Restless leg syndrome	Suspected			May occur in Sjögren's syndrome, celiac disease, and rheumatoid arthritis or in derangements of iron metabolism
Retroperitoneal fibrosis
Rheumatoid arthritis	Accepted^[7]	III	Rheumatoid factor (anti-IgGFc), Anti-MCV, ACPAs(Vimentin	HLA-DR4, PTPN22, depleted B cells, TNF alpha, IL-17, (also maybe IL-1, 6, and 15)
Rheumatic fever	Accepted^[69]	II	streptococcal M protein cross reacts with human myosin,^[70]
Sarcoidosis	Suspected	IV^[71]^[72]		BTNL2; HLA-B7-DR15; HLA DR3-DQ2.^[73]
Schizophrenia	Suspected^[74]^[75]^[76]
Schmidt syndrome another form of APS			anti-21 hydroxylase, anti-17 hydroxylase^[77]	DQ2, DQ8 and DRB1*0404
Schnitzler syndrome				IgM?
Scleritis
Scleroderma	Suspected^[48]	IV?	Scl-70 Anti-topoisomerase	dysregulated apoptosis?
Serum Sickness		III
Sjögren's syndrome	Accepted^[7]		anti-Ro.^[44] Also, they are often present in Sjögren's syndrome.^[45]^[46]
Spondyloarthropathy				HLA-B27
Still's disease see Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis			ANA	macrophage migration inhibitory factor^[78]
Stiff person syndrome	Suspected		glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD),^[79]	GLRA1 (glycine receptor)
Subacute bacterial endocarditis (SBE)		III ^[80]	essential mixed cryoglobulinemia
Susac's syndrome
Sweet's syndrome				GCSF
Sydenham chorea see PANDAS
Sympathetic ophthalmia			ocular antigens following trauma
Systemic lupus erythematosus see Lupus erythematosus		III
Takayasu's arteritis
Temporal arteritis (also known as "giant cell arteritis")	Accepted^[7]	IV
Thrombocytopenia		II	glycoproteins IIb-IIIa or Ib-IX in ITP anti-ADAMTS13 in TTP.^[81] and HUS anti-cardiolipin (anti-cardiolipin antibodies) and β₂ glycoprotein I in Antiphospholipid syndrome anti-HPA-1a, anti-HPA-5b, and others^[82] in NAIT	multiple mechanisms
Tolosa-Hunt syndrome
Transverse myelitis	Accepted			Transverse Myelitis is a rare neurological disorder that is part of a spectrum of neuroimmunologic diseases of the central nervous system. http://www.myelitis.org/
Ulcerative colitis (one of two types of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease "IBD")	Accepted^[7]	IV
Undifferentiated connective tissue disease different from Mixed connective tissue disease	Accepted		anti-nuclear antibody	HLA-DR4
Undifferentiated spondyloarthropathy
Urticarial vasculitis		II?	anti C1q antibodies^[83]	clinically may resemble type I hypersensitivity!
Vasculitis	Accepted^[14]	III	sometimes ANCA
Vitiligo	Suspected^[84]^[85]			NALP-1 RERE, PTPN22, LPP, IL2RA, GZMB, UBASH3A and C1QTNF6
Wegener's granulomatosis	Accepted^[86]		Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic(cANCA)

Development of therapies

In both autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, the condition arises through aberrant reactions of the human adaptive or innate immune systems. In autoimmunity, the patient’s immune system is activated against the body's own proteins. In chronic inflammatory diseases, neutrophils and other leukocytes are constitutively recruited by cytokines and chemokines, leading to tissue damage.

Mitigation of inflammation by activation of anti-inflammatory genes and the suppression of inflammatory genes in immune cells is a promising therapeutic approach.^[87]^[88]^[89]

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External links

Auto-immune disorders at DMOZ

UpToDate Contents

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1. 未分化型の全身性リウマチ性（結合組織）疾患およびオーバーラップ症候群 undifferentiated systemic rheumatic connective tissue diseases and overlap syndromes
2. 自己免疫の概要 overview of autoimmunity
3. 混合性結合組織病の定義および診断 definition and diagnosis of mixed connective tissue disease
4. 抗核抗体の測定および臨床的意義 measurement and clinical significance of antinuclear antibodies
5. 混合性結合組織病の臨床症状 clinical manifestations of mixed connective tissue disease

English Journal

Lack of HLA predominance and HLA shared epitopes in biliary Atresia.

Mack CL, Anderson KM, Aubrey MT, Rosenthal P, Sokol RJ, Freed BM.SourceDepartments of Medicine and Immunology, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 80045 Aurora, CO USA ; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Digestive Health Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado, Hepatology and Nutrition, 13123 East 16th Ave. B290, 80045 Aurora, CO USA.
SpringerPlus.Springerplus.2013 Dec;2(1):42. Epub 2013 Feb 8.
Biliary atresia (BA) is characterized by progressive inflammation and fibrosis of bile ducts. A theory of pathogenesis entails autoimmune-mediated injury targeting bile duct epithelia. One of the strongest genetic associations with autoimmunity is with HLA genes. In addition, apparently dissimilar H
PMID 23505615

Warthin's tumor associated with IgG4-related disease.

Aga M, Kondo S, Yamada K, Sawada-Kitamura S, Yagi-Nakanishi S, Endo K, Wakisaka N, Murono S, Kawano M, Yoshizaki T.SourceDivision of Otolaryngology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Auris, nasus, larynx.Auris Nasus Larynx.2013 Oct;40(5):514-7. doi: 10.1016/j.anl.2012.11.005. Epub 2012 Dec 13.
Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an inflammatory condition associated with elevated serum IgG4 levels and tissue infiltration by IgG4-expressing plasma cells. Several inflammatory conditions associated with IgG4-RD have been reported. Warthin's tumor is a benign parotid gland tumor con
PMID 23246115

α-Lipoic acid enhances endogenous peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-γ to ameliorate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice.

Wang KC, Tsai CP, Lee CL, Chen SY, Lin GJ, Yen MH, Sytwu HK, Chen SJ.Source¶School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Clinical science (London, England : 1979).Clin Sci (Lond).2013 Oct 1;125(7):329-40. doi: 10.1042/CS20120560.
ALA (α-lipoic acid) is a natural, endogenous antioxidant that acts as a PPAR-γ (peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-γ) agonist to counteract oxidative stress. Thus far, the antioxidative and immunomodulatory effects of ALA on EAE (experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis) are not well und
PMID 23550596

Japanese Journal

後天性血友病A:第VIII因子インヒビター

森直樹
東京女子医科大学雑誌 83(E2), E508-E511, 2013-03-31
凝固第VIII因子に対する自己抗体に伴う出血傾向は後天性血友病Aとして知られている。発生頻度は0.5〜1人/100万人と稀で、20〜30歳と60〜80歳に多い。基礎疾患としては自己免疫疾患、悪性腫瘍があり、妊娠や薬剤使用に伴うこともある。高齢者では基礎疾患を伴わないものが多い。,臨床症状は皮下出血、筋肉内出血、消化管出血、中枢神経系出血などであるが、先天性血友病と比べて関節内出血は多くない。重症の …
NAID 110009575060

新たな疾患概念,IgG4関連疾患の危険選択

渡邊岳博
日本保険医学会誌 111(1), 48-71, 2013-03-29
IgG4関連疾患は日本より近年発信された新しい疾患概念である。従来自己免疫性膵炎や後腹膜線維症等と別々の疾患と考えられていた病態がIgG4関連疾患という概念に統一できることが明らかになった。本疾患の包括診断基準が2012年に発表され,今後広く普及していくものと推測される。唾液腺,膵臓,腎臓では臓器毎の診断基準と併用も可能で診断が容易となった。日々の査定においても本疾患あるいは本疾患と思われる診断書 …
NAID 110009603875

Three Groups in the 28 Joints for Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovitis - Analysis Using More than 17,000 Assessments in the KURAMA Database.

Terao Chikashi,Hashimoto Motomu,Yamamoto Keiichi,Murakami Kosaku,Ohmura Koichiro,Nakashima Ran,Yamakawa Noriyuki,Yoshifuji Hajime,Yukawa Naoichiro,Kawabata Daisuke,Usui Takashi,Yoshitomi Hiroyuki,Furu Moritoshi,Yamada Ryo,Matsuda Fumihiko,Ito Hiromu,Fujii Takao,Mimori Tsuneyo
PloS one 8(3), 2013-03-12
… Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a joint-destructive autoimmune disease. …
NAID 120005244457

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「自己免疫疾患」
拡張検索	「nervous system autoimmune disease」「CNS demyelinating autoimmune disease」「experimental nervous system autoimmune disease」
関連記事	「disease」

「自己免疫疾患」

Autoimmune diseases
	Classification and external resources
ICD-10	D84.9, M35.9
ICD-9	279.4
OMIM	109100
DiseasesDB	28805
MedlinePlus	000816
MeSH	D001327

　　[★]

英: autoimmune disease
関: [[]]

全身性自己免疫疾患
臓器特異的自己免疫疾患

「nervous system autoimmune disease」

　　[★]

神経系自己免疫疾患

関: autoimmune diseases of the nervous system、autoimmune disorders of the nervous system

「CNS demyelinating autoimmune disease」

　　[★]

中枢神経性脱髄性自己免疫疾患

「experimental nervous system autoimmune disease」

　　[★]

実験的神経自己免疫疾患

「disease」

　　[★]

n.

疾患：illnessより厳密な概念。「ある臓器に明確な障害が確認され、それによって症状が出ているとはっきり説明できる場合」 (PSY.9)

特定の原因、病態生理、症状、経過、予後、病理組織所見が全てそろった場合 (PSY.9)

something that is very wrong with people's attitudes, way of life or with society.

関: ail、ailment、disease entity、disorder、ill、illness、malady、sick、sickness

注意

disease ≠ illness ≠ disorder

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