- 関
- desiccate、desiccation、drought、dry、drying、exsiccation、sterile
WordNet
- lacking sufficient water or rainfall; "an arid climate"; "a waterless well"; "miles of waterless country to cross" (同)waterless
- lacking vitality or spirit; lifeless; "a technically perfect but arid performance of the sonata"; "a desiccate romance"; "a prissy and emotionless creature...settles into a mold of desiccated snobbery"-C.J.Rolo (同)desiccate, desiccated
- deficient in originality or creativity; lacking powers of invention; "a sterile ideology lacking in originality"; "unimaginative development of a musical theme"; "uninspired writing" (同)unimaginative, uninspired, uninventive
- incapable of reproducing; "an infertile couple" (同)unfertile, infertile
- without a mucous or watery discharge; "a dry cough"; "that rare thing in the wintertime; a small child with a dry nose"
- become dry or drier; "The laundry dries in the sun" (同)dry out
- remove the moisture from and make dry; "dry clothes"; "dry hair" (同)dry out
- a reformer who opposes the use of intoxicating beverages (同)prohibitionist
- humorously sarcastic or mocking; "dry humor"; "an ironic remark often conveys an intended meaning obliquely"; "an ironic novel"; "an ironical smile"; "with a wry Scottish wit" (同)ironic, ironical, wry
- lacking interest or stimulation; dull and lifeless; "a dry book"; "a dry lecture filled with trivial details"; "dull and juiceless as only book knowledge can be when it is unrelated to...life"- John Mason Brown (同)juiceless
- practicing complete abstinence from alcoholic beverages; "hes been dry for ten years"; "no thank you; I happen to be teetotal" (同)teetotal
- (of food) eaten without a spread or sauce or other garnish; "dry toast"; "dry meat"
- (of liquor) having a low residual sugar content because of decomposition of sugar during fermentation; "a dry white burgundy"; "a dry Bordeaux"
- free from liquid or moisture; lacking natural or normal moisture or depleted of water; or no longer wet; "dry land"; "dry clothes"; "a dry climate"; "dry splintery boards"; "a dry river bed"; "the paint is dry"
- having a large proportion of strong liquor; "a very dry martini is almost straight gin"
- having no adornment or coloration; "dry facts"; "rattled off the facts in a dry mechanical manner"
- lacking moisture or volatile components; "dry paint"
- lacking warmth or emotional involvement; "a dry greeting"; "a dry reading of the lines"; "a dry critique"
- not producing milk; "a dry cow"
- not shedding tears; "dry sobs"; "with dry eyes"
- opposed to or prohibiting the production and sale of alcoholic beverages; "the dry vote led by preachers and bootleggers"; "a dry state"
- unproductive especially of the expected results; "a dry run"; "a mind dry of new ideas"
- used of solid substances in contrast with liquid ones; "dry weight"
- a prolonged shortage; "when England defeated Pakistan it ended a ten-year drought" (同)drouth
- a shortage of rainfall; "farmers most affected by the drought hope that there may yet be sufficient rain early in the growing season" (同)drouth
PrepTutorEJDIC
- (土地などが)乾燥した,不毛の / (本・話などが)つまらない,無味乾燥な
- 不妊の,子を生まない(barren) / (土地が)不毛の,やせた(barren) / 無菌の,殺菌した / (考え方・話などが)想像力に乏しい,ありきたりの,陳腐な
- 『乾いた』,乾燥した / 『雨の降らない』,日照り続きの / 水のかれた,干上がった / (家畜などが)乳の出ない / 涙の出ない / 液状でない,固形の / のどが乾く,のどが乾いた / (パンが)バター(ジャム)などのついていない;(パン・ケーキが)古い,固くなった / ありのままの,飾りけのない,そっけない / (ユーモア・皮肉などが)さりげない / (ぶどう酒などが)辛口の / 禁酒の,禁酒法実施の / …‘を'『乾かす』《+『名』+『up,』+『up』+『名』》 / (手ぬぐい・ハンカチなどで)〈手・足など〉‘を'ぬぐう,ふく《+『名』+『with』(『on』)+『名』》 / (保存のために)〈食物〉‘を'乾燥させる / 『乾く』,〈水が〉かれる《+『up』(『out』)》
- 『干ばつ』,日照り続き
- 乾燥 / 乾燥させる,乾燥用の
- …‘を'からからに乾燥させる
- are (面積の単位)の変形
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2012/11/30 12:05:10」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
For the Belgian rock band, see Arid (band).
A region is arid when it is characterized by a severe lack of available water, to the extent of hindering or preventing the growth and development of plant and animal life. Environments subject to arid climates tend to lack vegetation and are called xeric or desertic.
Contents
- 1 Concepts
- 2 Geographical distribution
- 3 Change over time
- 4 See also
- 5 References
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Concepts
The expression 'available water' refers to water in the soil in excess to the wilting point. The air over a hot desert may actually contain substantial amounts of water vapor but that water may not be generally accessible to plants, except for very specialized organisms (such as some species of lichen). 'Lack of water' refers to use by plants. The water that is actually present in the environment may be sufficient for some species or usages (such as climax vegetation), and grossly insufficient for others. Aridity, the characteristic nature of an arid climate, may thus depend on the use of the land. Regards to the presence of life, what is more important than the degree of rainfall is the fraction of precipitation that is not quickly lost through evaporation or runoff. It can also be characterized by having more evapotranspiration than precipitation. Attempts to quantitatively describe the degree of aridity of a place has often led to the development of aridity indexes. There is no universal agreement on the precise boundaries between classes such as 'hyper-arid', 'arid', 'semi-arid', etc.
Geographical distribution
Although different classification schemes and maps differ in their details, there is a general agreement about the fact that large areas of the Earth are arid. These include the hot deserts located broadly in sub-tropical regions, where the accumulation of water is largely prevented by either low precipitations, or high evaporation, or both, as well as cold deserts near the poles, where water may be permanently locked in solid forms (snow and ice). Other arid regions include areas located in the rain shadows of major mountain ranges or along coastal regions affected by significant upwelling (such as the Atacama Desert).
Change over time
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This section requires expansion. (January 2008) |
The distribution of aridity observed at any one point in time is largely the result of the general circulation of the atmosphere. The latter does change significantly over time through climate change. In addition, changes in land use can result in greater demands on soil water and induce a higher degree of aridity. See aridification.
See also
- Desert climate
- Desiccation tolerance
- Drought
- Relative humidity
- Saturation vapor pressure
References
- Griffiths, J. F. (1985) 'Climatology', Chapter 2 in Handbook of Applied Meteorology, Edited by David D. Houghton, John Wiley and Sons, ISBN 0-471-08404-2.
- Durrenberger, R. W. (1987) 'Arid Climates', article in The Encyclopedia of Climatology, p. 92-101, Edited by J. E. Oliver and R. W. Fairbridge, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, ISBN 0-87933-009-0.
- Stadler, S. J (1987) 'Aridity Indexes', article in The Encyclopedia of Climatology, p. 102-107, Edited by J. E. Oliver and R. W. Fairbridge, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, ISBN 0-87933-009-0.
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Effect of regulated deficit irrigation on fatty acids and their derived volatiles in 'Cabernet Sauvignon' grapes and wines of Ningxia, China.
- Ju YL1, Liu M2, Tu TY2, Zhao XF3, Yue XF4, Zhang JX5, Fang YL6, Meng JF7.
- Food chemistry.Food Chem.2018 Apr 15;245:667-675. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.10.018. Epub 2017 Oct 7.
- PMID 29287424
- Sensory, olfactometry and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography analyses as appropriate tools to characterize the effects of vine management on wine aroma.
- Nicolli KP1, Biasoto ACT2, Souza-Silva ÉA3, Guerra CC4, Dos Santos HP5, Welke JE6, Zini CA7.
- Food chemistry.Food Chem.2018 Mar 15;243:103-117. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.09.078. Epub 2017 Sep 21.
- PMID 29146315
- Dynamics of soil carbon and nitrogen stocks after afforestation in arid and semi-arid regions: A meta-analysis.
- Liu X1, Yang T2, Wang Q3, Huang F4, Li L5.
- The Science of the total environment.Sci Total Environ.2018 Mar 15;618:1658-1664. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.009. Epub 2017 Nov 1.
- PMID 29074238
- Fluvial biofilms exposed to desiccation and pharmaceutical pollution: New insights using metabolomics.
- Serra-Compte A1, Corcoll N2, Huerta B1, Rodríguez-Mozaz S1, Sabater S3, Barceló D4, Álvarez-Muñoz D5.
- The Science of the total environment.Sci Total Environ.2018 Mar 15;618:1382-1388. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.258. Epub 2017 Oct 18.
- PMID 29054673
Japanese Journal
- Effects of additional N on herbaceous species of desertified steppe in arid regions of China : a four-year field study
- Su Jieqiong,Li Xinrong,Li Xiaojun [他]
- Ecological research 28(1), 21-28, 2013-01
- NAID 40019557090
- がんにおけるSWI/SNFクロマチンリモデリング遺伝子群の異常
- Associations of variations in the MRF2/ARID5B gene with susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in the Japanese population
- Wang Guoqin,Watanabe Masafumi,Imai Yasushi [他]
- Journal of human genetics 57(11), 727-733, 2012-11
- NAID 40019487063
- Reply to ``Comment on `Wireless and Passive Gyroscope based on Surface Acoustic Wave Gyroscopic Effect'
- Wang Wen,Wang Wu,Liu Jiuling,Liu Minghua,Yang Sangsik
- Applied Physics Express 5(10), 109102-109102-1, 2012-10-25
- NAID 150000106068
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- desiccation、drying、drought、exsiccation、dry、desiccate、arid
- 関
- 乾固、乾性、地震、除湿、乾いた、干ばつ、不毛、洪水、ハリケーン、自然災害
[★]
- 関
- arid、desiccate、desiccation、drought、drying、exsiccation
[★]
- 関
- arid、desiccate、desiccation、dry、drying、earthquake、exsiccation、flood、hurricane、natural disaster
[★]
- 関
- arid、desiccate、desiccation、drought、dry、exsiccation、moisture absorption
[★]
- 関
- arid、desiccate、desiccation、drought、dry、drying、inspissation
[★]
バリダーゼ
- 関
- streptodornase and streptokinase