amyloid precursor protein secretase

アミロイド前駆タンパク質セクレターゼ、アミロイド前駆タンパク質分泌酵素

関

alpha-secretase、beta-secretase、gamma-secretase、secretase

WordNet

1. a substance from which another substance is formed (especially by a metabolic reaction)
2. a person who goes before or announces the coming of another (同)forerunner
3. any of a large group of nitrogenous organic compounds that are essential constituents of living cells; consist of polymers of amino acids; essential in the diet of animals for growth and for repair of tissues; can be obtained from meat and eggs and milk and legumes; "a diet high in protein"
4. (pathology) a waxy translucent complex protein resembling starch that results from degeneration of tissue
5. a non-nitrogenous food substance consisting chiefly of starch; any substance resembling starch
6. a set of enzymes believed to snip pieces off a longer protein producing fragments of amyloid protein that bunch up and create amyloid protein plaques in brain tissue (the pathological hallmark of Alzheimers)

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (…の)前朕,前触れ《+『of』+『名』》
2. 蛋白(たんばく)質

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2018/02/19 23:04:44」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Secretases are enzymes that "snip" pieces off a longer protein that is embedded in the cell membrane.

Processing of the amyloid precursor protein

Among other roles in the cell, secretases act on the amyloid precursor protein (APP) to cleave the protein into three fragments. Sequential cleavage by β-secretase (BACE) and γ-secretase produces the amyloid-β peptide fragment that aggregates into clumps called "plaques" in the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients. If α-secretase acts on APP first instead of BACE, no amyloid-β is formed because α-secretase recognizes a target protein sequence closer to the cell surface than BACE. The non-pathogenic middle fragment formed by an α/γ cleavage sequence is called P3.

Structure

The structure of the three secretases varies widely.

• The α-secretase gene has not been conclusively identified but is believed to be a metalloproteinase.
• BACE is a transmembrane protein with an extracellular aspartic acid protease domain.
• γ-secretase is actually a protein complex containing presenilin, nicastrin, APH-1, and PEN-2. Presenilin is believed to harbor the protease domain and represents an important example of an uncommon type of protease that cleaves targets within the cell membrane.

Function

Besides their involvement in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's, these proteins also have other functional roles in the cell.

γ-secretase plays a critical role in developmental signalling by the transmembrane receptor Notch, freeing the cytoplasmic tail of Notch to travel to the cell nucleus to act as a transcription factor.

Although BACE cleaves the extracellular domains of several transmembrane proteins, its physiological function remains unknown.

External links

• Secretase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. アミロイド疾患の遺伝的要因 genetic factors in the amyloid diseases
• 2. アルツハイマー病の遺伝学 genetics of alzheimer disease
• 3. アミロイドーシスの概要 an overview of amyloidosis
• 4. 認知症の予防 prevention of dementia
• 5. 軽度認知機能障害：予後および治療 mild cognitive impairment prognosis and treatment

English Journal

• Gelidiella acerosa protects against Aβ 25-35-induced toxicity and memory impairment in Swiss Albino mice: an in vivo report.

• Nisha SA1,2, Devi KP2.
• Pharmaceutical biology.Pharm Biol.2017 Dec;55(1):1423-1435. doi: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1302967.
• PMID 28320234

• N-glycan and Alzheimer's disease.

• Kizuka Y1, Kitazume S2, Taniguchi N3.
• Biochimica et biophysica acta.Biochim Biophys Acta.2017 Oct;1861(10):2447-2454. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.04.012. Epub 2017 Apr 29.
• PMID 28465241

• Beta-secretase inhibitors in phase I and phase II clinical trials for Alzheimer's disease.

• Moussa CE1.
• Expert opinion on investigational drugs.Expert Opin Investig Drugs.2017 Oct;26(10):1131-1136. doi: 10.1080/13543784.2017.1369527. Epub 2017 Aug 23.
• PMID 28817311

Japanese Journal

• Neprilysin Is Suppressed by Dual-Specificity Tyrosine-Phosphorylation Regulated Kinase 1A (DYRK1A) in Down-Syndrome-Derived Fibroblasts

• Ｂｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ　＆　Ｐｈａｒｍａｃｅｕｔｉｃａｌ　Ｂｕｌｌｅｔｉｎ 40(3), 327-333, 2017
• NAID 130005398491

• ABCG1 and ABCG4 Suppress γ-Secretase Activity and Amyloid β Production

• PLOS ONE 11(5), 2016-05-19
• NAID 120005997762

• Identification of the novel activity-driven interaction between synaptotagmin 1 and presenilin 1 links calcium, synapse, and amyloid beta

• BMC biology 14, 2016-03-31
• NAID 120005822779

Related Links

• Amyloid Precursor Protein Processing and Alzheimer’s Disease

STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF APP The amyloid precursor protein (APP) is one member of a family of related proteins that includes the amyloid precursor-like proteins (APLP1 and APLP2) in mammals and the ...

• Amyloid Precursor Protein

Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) is a type-I transmembrane protein enriched in neuronal tissues that undergoes sequential proteolytic processing through two distinct pathways. One pathway generate non-pathogenic molecules while ...

• Recognition of the amyloid precursor protein by human γ ...

β-Amyloid peptides, which are derived from amyloid precursor protein (APP), form the plaques in the brain that are characteristic of Alzheimer's disease. Zhou et al. report a high-resolution structure of a transmembrane ...

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「アミロイド前駆タンパク質分泌酵素」「beta-secretase」「alpha-secretase」「gamma-secretase」「アミロイド前駆タンパク質セクレターゼ」
関連記事	「precursor」「precursor protein」「amyloid」「secreta」

「アミロイド前駆タンパク質分泌酵素」

　　[★]

英

amyloid precursor protein secretase

関

セクレターゼ、γセクレターゼ、アミロイド前駆タンパク質セクレターゼ、βセクレターゼ、αセクレターゼ

「beta-secretase」

　　[★]

βセクレターゼ

関

alpha-secretase、amyloid precursor protein secretase、BACE、beta-site APP cleaving enzyme、gamma-secretase、secretase

「alpha-secretase」

　　[★]

αセクレターゼ

関

amyloid precursor protein secretase、beta-secretase、gamma-secretase、secretase

「gamma-secretase」

　　[★]

γセクレターゼ

関

alpha-secretase、amyloid precursor protein secretase、beta-secretase、secretase

「アミロイド前駆タンパク質セクレターゼ」

　　[★]

英

amyloid precursor protein secretase

関

アミロイド前駆タンパク質分泌酵素

「precursor」

　　[★]

• n.

• 前駆物質、前駆体、先駆物質、前駆型の

関

progenitor

　 　 　

「precursor protein」

　　[★]

• 前駆体タンパク質、前駆体タンパク、前駆タンパク質

「amyloid」

　　[★]

アミロイド

関

amyloid fibril、amyloid protein

　 　

「secreta」

　　[★]

• 分泌液

関

juice、secretory fluid