傍正中部橋網様体 paramedian pontine reticular formation

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/03/18 11:19:47」(JST)

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The paramedian pontine reticular formation, or PPRF, is part of the pontine reticular formation, a brain region without clearly defined borders in the center of the pons. It is involved in the coordination of eye movements, particularly horizontal gaze and saccades.

Input, Output, and Function[edit]

The PPRF is located anterior and lateral to the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF). It receives input from the superior colliculus via the predorsal bundle and from the frontal eye fields via frontopontine fibers. The rostral PPRF probably coordinates vertical saccades; the caudal PPRF may be the generator of horizontal saccades. In particular, activity of the excitatory burst neurons (EBNs) in the PPRF generates the "pulse" movement that initiates a saccade. In the case of horizontal saccades the "pulse" information is conveyed via axonal fibers to the abducens nucleus, initiating lateral eye movements. The angular velocity of the eye during horizontal saccade ranges from 100 to 700 degrees per second. Larger saccades have faster pulses; the PPRF is involved in this determination.^[1]

Lesions[edit]

Unilateral lesions of the PPRF produce characteristic findings:^[2]

Loss of horizontal saccades directed towards the side of the lesion, no matter the current position of gaze
Contralateral gaze deviation (acute lesions, such as early stroke, only)
Gaze-evoked lateral nystagmus on looking away from the side of the lesion

Bilateral lesions produce horizontal gaze palsy and slowing of vertical saccades

References[edit]

^ Brazis, P.W., Masdeu, J.C., and Biller, J. Localization in Clinical Neurology, 4th edition. Lippincott, Williams, and Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2001; pp. 213–216. ISBN 0-7817-2843-6
^ Adapted from Leigh, R.J., and Zee, D.S. The Neurology of Eye Movements, 3rd edition. Oxford University Press, Oxford, England, 1999; p. 499. ISBN 0-19-512972-5

UpToDate Contents

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1. 核間性眼筋麻痺 internuclear ophthalmoplegia
2. 小児における核上性注視異常 supranuclear disorders of gaze in children
3. 閉じ込め症候群 locked in syndrome

English Journal

Gaze shift duration, independent of amplitude, influences the number of spikes in the burst for medium-lead burst neurons in pontine reticular formation.

Walton MM, Freedman EG.SourceDepartment of Neurobiology and Anatomy, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Ave., Box 603, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA, Mark_Walton@urmc.rochester.edu.
Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Experimentation cerebrale.Exp Brain Res.2011 Oct;214(2):225-39. Epub 2011 Aug 14.
Changes in the direction of the line of sight (gaze) allow successive sampling of the visual environment. Saccadic eye movements accomplish this goal when the head does not move. Medium-lead burst neurons (MLBs) in the paramedian pontine reticular formation (PPRF) discharge a high frequency burst of
PMID 21842410

Large-scale production of murine embryonic stem cell-derived osteoblasts and chondrocytes on microcarriers in serum-free media.

Alfred R, Taiani JT, Krawetz RJ, Yamashita A, Rancourt DE, Kallos MS.SourcePharmaceutical Production Research Facility (PPRF), Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N1N4, Canada.
Biomaterials.Biomaterials.2011 Sep;32(26):6006-16. Epub 2011 May 26.
The generation of tissue-engineered constructs from stem cells for the treatment of musculoskeletal diseases may have immense impact in regenerative medicine, but there are difficulties associated with stem cell culture and differentiation, including the use of serum. Here we present serum-free prot
PMID 21620471

Japanese Journal

異常眼球運動を呈した多発性硬化症例 : 神経耳科学的検討の有用性

梅原毅,濱村亮次,木村光宏,川内秀之
耳鼻咽喉科臨床 103(12), 1085-1092, 2010-12-01
… We report a 62-year-old man with left paramedian pontine reticular formation (PPRF) disorder. …
NAID 10027449618

両側の水平共同注視運動麻痺と語音明瞭度の低下をきたした橋出血の1例

増田毅,鴫原俊太郎,野村泰之,齋藤雄一郎,鴫原じゅん子,肥田和恵,辻賢三,池田稔
Equilibrium research 67(2), 121-129, 2008-04-01
… Based on the findings, the patient was diagnosed to have pontine hemorrhage due to hypertension affecting the right facial nerve nucleus, right pyramidal tract, bilateral abducens nuclei, MLF, PPRF and the auditory neural pathway. …
NAID 10026087273

Related Pictures

Şekil 8.10. Göz küresi hareketlerinin Figure 1: Generation of horizontal eye lesion of the LEFT ABDUCENS NUCLEUS will frontal eye field b pprf c oculomotor Honeywell PPRF PowerPresenter RF mlf pprf

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「共同偏視」「傍正中網様体」「傍正中部橋網様体」「paramedian pontine reticular formation」
関連記事	「PP」

「共同偏視」

Brain: Paramedian pontine reticular formation
	; Axial section of the pons at the level of the facial colliculus (PPRF not labeled, but region is visible, near abducens nucleus)
NeuroNames	ancil-479

　　[★]

英: conjugate deviation
同: 共役偏位、眼球共同偏倚？

障害部位	共同偏視の向き
注視皮質(8野)～脳幹(中脳)で交差する手前	病巣
脳幹(中脳)で交差する後～皮質下中枢(傍正中橋網様体)	健側