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small rounded wartlike protuberance on a plant (同)tubercle
(mineralogy) a small rounded lump of mineral substance (usually harder than the surrounding rock or sediment)
a small node

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(鉱石などの)小塊 / (植物の茎・根,動物の組織にできる)小結節,こぶ

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/06/09 06:32:55」(JST)

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Lisch nodules on surface of iris.

A Lisch nodule is a pigmented hamartomatous nodular aggregate of dendritic melanocytes affecting the iris,^[1]^[2] named after Austrian ophthalmologist Karl Lisch (1907–1999), who first recognized them in 1937.^[3]

The first published use of the term, "Lisch nodule," was in the New England Journal of Medicine "Medical Progress" series article of December 31, 1981 (Riccardi VM: Von Recklinghausen Neurofibromatosis. N Engl J Med 1981;305:1617-27).

These nodules are found in neurofibromatosis type 1, and are present in greater than 94% of patients over the age of six.^[2] They are clear, yellow-brown,^[4] oval to round, dome-shaped papules that project from the surface of the iris. These nodules typically do not affect vision, but are very useful in diagnosis.^[2] They are detected by slit lamp examination.^[4] Immunohistochemistry stains positive against vimentin and S-100, and points to an ectodermal origin.^[3] Their precise origin and structure, however, is still under debate.^[4] They are not found in neurofibromatosis type 2.

References

^ "151". Free Medicla Textbook. Retrieved 20 October 2011.
^ ^a ^b ^c Kumar, Vinay; Fausto, Nelson; Fausto, Nelso; Robbins, Stanley L.; Abbas, Abul K.; Cotran, Ramzi S. (2005), Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease (7th ed.), Philadelphia, Pa.: Elsevier Saunders, p. 169, ISBN 0-7216-0187-1
^ ^a ^b Lukacs, Andreas; Junk, Anna K.; Fritz, Stefani H.; Kampik, Anselm; Georg, Schirren Carl; Plewig, Gerd (1997), "Lisch nodules. Markers of neurofibromatosis 1 and immunohistochemical references for neuroectodermal differentiation", Hautarzt 48 (1): 38–41, doi:10.1007/s001050050544, PMID 9132386
^ ^a ^b ^c Richetta, A.; Giustini, A.; Recupero, S. M.; Pezza, M.; Carlomagno, C.; Amoruso, G.; Calvieri, S. (2004), "Lisch nodules of the iris in neurofibromatosis type 1", Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venerology 18 (3): 342–4, doi:10.1111/j.1468-3083.2004.00915.x, PMID 15096151

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1. 神経線維腫症I型（フォンレックリングハウゼン病） neurofibromatosis type 1 von recklinghausens disease
2. 神経線維腫症2型 neurofibromatosis type 2
3. 色素細胞性母斑（ほくろ）以外の良性色素性皮膚病変 benign pigmented skin lesions other than melanocytic nevi moles
4. リンチ症候群（遺伝性非ポリポーシス大腸癌）の臨床的特徴および診断 clinical features and diagnosis of lynch syndrome hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer
5. 遺伝的疾患における褐色細胞腫 pheochromocytoma in genetic disorders

English Journal

Renal artery stenosis due to neurofibromatosis type 1: case report and literature review.

Duan L, Feng K1, Tong A, Liang Z.
European journal of medical research.Eur J Med Res.2014 Mar 28;19:17. doi: 10.1186/2047-783X-19-17.
BACKGROUND: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a relatively common autosomal dominant disorder. The most common vascular abnormality in patients with NF1 is bilateral or unilateral renal artery stenosis.CASE REPORT: A 16-year-old boy presented with a headache of 4-year duration and was found to be mo
PMID 24678641

Correlations between choroidal abnormalities, Lisch nodules, and age in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1.

Makino S1, Tampo H1, Arai Y1, Obata H1.
Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.).Clin Ophthalmol.2014;8:165-8. doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S56327. Epub 2013 Dec 3.
To evaluate correlations between choroidal abnormalities, Lisch nodules, and age in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), we examined ten cases with NF1 using near-infrared reflectance imaging. Patients ranged in age from 4 to 39 years. The angle used for near-infrared reflectance imaging wa
PMID 24403820

Review of cystic and solid tumors of the iris.

Shields CL1, Shields PW1, Manalac J1, Jumroendararasame C1, Shields JA1.
Oman journal of ophthalmology.Oman J Ophthalmol.2013 Sep;6(3):159-64. doi: 10.4103/0974-620X.122269.
Iris tumors are broadly classified into cystic or solid lesions. The cystic lesions arise from iris pigment epithelium (IPE) or iris stroma. IPE cysts classically remain stable without need for intervention. Iris stromal cyst, especially those in newborns, usually requires therapy of aspiration, pos
PMID 24379549

Japanese Journal

下顎枝後縁に骨欠損を伴った von Recklinghausen 病の1例

櫻井博理,小林武仁,五十嵐朋子,秋場克己,高橋晃治,濱本宜興
日本口腔外科学会雑誌 52(10), 569-573, 2006-10-20
NAID 10018859286

von Recklinghausen Disease in a Patient with X-linked Agammaglobulinemia

HIRATA Daisuke,NARA Hiroyuki,INABA Toshihiro,MUROI Rika,KANEGANE Hirokazu,MIYAWAKI Toshio,OKAZAKI Hitoaki,MINOTA Seiji
Internal medicine 41(11), 1039-1043, 2002-11-01
… The patient also had characteristic features of von Recklinghausen disease, such as numerous subcutaneous nodules, café-au-lait spots, Lisch nodules in the iris and spinal scoliosis. … Biopsy of a subcutaneous nodule confirmed a neurofibroma. …
NAID 130000767553

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「神経線維腫症」「リッシュ結節」「虹彩結節」
関連記事	「nodule」

「神経線維腫症」

　　[★]

英: neurofibromatosis, NF
関: 多発性神経線維腫

神経線維腫症3型
神経線維腫症4型
神経線維腫症5型
神経線維腫症6型
神経線維腫症7型
神経線維腫症8型

	NF1, 神経線維腫症1型	NF2, 神経線維腫症2型
	von Recklinghausen病	NF2, 神経線維腫症2型
遺伝形式	常染色体優性遺伝	常染色体優性遺伝
病因	NF I(17q11.2) 　孤発性の突然変異が約半数	NF II(22q12.2) 　孤発性の突然変異が約半数
特徴	カフェオレ斑神経線維腫神経病変：深部の末梢神経に神経線維腫が多発。中枢神経系に視神経膠腫・脳脊髄のグリオーマ。精神発達遅滞・てんかん(10-20%の症例) 虹彩結節：Lisch noduleという過誤腫骨片か：長管骨の過成長・脊柱の変形。頭蓋の骨欠損。蝶形骨の形成不全	カフェオレ斑はFN IIより軽度 10-20歳代で発症
頭蓋・脊椎管内の神経鞘腫、髄膜腫	多い	やや多い
診断基準	以下の所見のうち、2つ以上を有すること。　1. 5mm以上のカフェオレ斑が6個以上（思春期前）。15 mm以上のカフェオレ斑が6個以上（思春期後）　2. 2つ以上の神経線維腫か、末梢神経内に1つ以上の神経線維腫　3. 腋窩あるいは鼠径部の色素斑　4. 眼窩内の神経線維腫　5. 2個以上のLisch結節　6. 骨の異常　7. NF-1 の家族歴	1.　CT かMRI での診断で認めた両側聴神経の腫瘍　2.　NF-2の家族歴があり、本人が一側性の聴神経腫瘍を有するか、神経線維腫、髄膜腫、神経膠腫、神経鞘腫、若年性白内障のうち2つを有していること。