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a piece broken off or cut off of something else; "a fragment of rock"
an incomplete piece; "fragments of a play"
the 6th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)f

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/11/13 10:55:09」(JST)

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An antibody digested by papain yields three fragments: two Fab fragments and one Fc fragment

An antibody digested by pepsin yields two fragments: a F(ab')₂ fragment and a pFc' fragment

The fragment antigen-binding (Fab fragment) is a region on an antibody that binds to antigens. It is composed of one constant and one variable domain of each of the heavy and the light chain. These domains shape the paratope — the antigen-binding site — at the amino terminal end of the monomer. The two variable domains bind the epitope on their specific antigens.

In an experimental setting, Fc and Fab fragments can be generated in the laboratory. The enzyme papain can be used to cleave an immunoglobulin monomer into two Fab fragments and an Fc fragment. The enzyme pepsin cleaves below hinge region, so a F(ab')₂ fragment and a pFc' fragment is formed. Recently another enzyme for generation of F(ab')₂ has been commercially available. The enzyme IdeS (Immunoglobulin degrading enzyme from Streptococcus pyogenes, trade name FabRICATOR) cleaves IgG in a sequence specific manner at neutral pH. The F(ab')₂ fragment can be split into two Fab' fragments by mild reduction.^[1]

The variable regions of the heavy and light chains can be fused together to form a single-chain variable fragment (scFv), which is only half the size of the Fab fragment, yet retains the original specificity of the parent immunoglobulin.^[2]

Heavy and light chains, variable and constant regions of an antibody.

References

^ Larsson, Lars-Inge (September 1988). Immunocytochemistry: Theory and practice. Crc Press. p. 1. ISBN 0-8493-6078-1.
^ Janeway, CA, Jr.; et al. (2001). Immunobiology (5th ed.). Garland Publishing. ISBN 0-8153-3642-X.

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5. 免疫グロブリンの構造 structure of immunoglobulins

English Journal

Fab fragments of ovine antibody to colchicine enhance its clearance in the rat.

Peake PW1, Pianta TJ, Succar L, Fernando M, Buckley NA, Endre ZH.
Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.).Clin Toxicol (Phila).2015 Jun;53(5):427-32. doi: 10.3109/15563650.2015.1030026. Epub 2015 Apr 10.
CONTEXT: Colchicine is an anti-inflammatory alkaloid used for the treatment of acute gout, but has a narrow therapeutic index. Colchicine overdoses are relatively rare, but have high mortality requiring rapid treatment.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the ability of a newly available ovine fragment antigen-bi
PMID 25858137

Selection and characterization of camelid nanobodies towards urokinase-type plasminogen activator.

Kaczmarek JZ1, Skottrup PD2.
Molecular immunology.Mol Immunol.2015 Jun;65(2):384-90. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.02.011. Epub 2015 Mar 6.
Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) is a trypsin-like serine protease that plays a vital role in extracellular conversion of inactive plasminogen into catalytically active plasmin. Activated plasmin facilitates the release of several proteolytic enzymes, which control processes like pericellu
PMID 25749705

Immunoglobulin kappa variable region gene selection during early human B cell development in health and systemic lupus erythematosus.

Hehle V1, Fraser LD2, Tahir R3, Kipling D4, Wu YC5, Lutalo PM6, Cason J7, Choong L8, D'Cruz DP9, Cope AP10, Dunn-Walters DK11, Spencer J12.
Molecular immunology.Mol Immunol.2015 Jun;65(2):215-23. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.01.017. Epub 2015 Feb 17.
The unique specificity of the B cell receptor is generated by an ordered sequence of gene rearrangement events. Once IGH genes have rearranged, rearrangement at the IGK locus is initiated followed by the IGL locus if functional IGK rearrangement is not achieved. Receptor specificity can subsequently
PMID 25700344

Japanese Journal

Chemiluminescent Enzyme Immunoassay for Measuring Leptin

SEKIGUCHI Satoshi,KOHNO Hideki,YASUKAWA Kiyoshi,INOUYE Kuniyo
Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 75(4), 752-756, 2011-04-23
… The method applies the IgG-conjugated ferrite particle to capture leptin in a sample and the ALP-conjugated Fab fragment to detect the captured leptin. … We tested Block ace, CE510, and bovine serum albumin (BSA) for their abilities to block non-specific binding of ALP-conjugated anti-leptin Fab to the ferrite particle and found BSA to be the most effective. …
NAID 10028271790

Immobilization of antibodies on mesoporous silica materials and their binding abilities to antigens

ORITA Toru,KATO Katsuya,TOMITA Masahiro
Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan 119(1387), 238-245, 2011
… These results indicated that the Fab fragment, which is an antigen binding site of the antibody, was incorporated inside larger pores but remained outside smaller pores. …
NAID 130000662349

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「抗原結合性フラグメント」「Fabフラグメント」「antigen-binding fragment」
拡張検索	「immunoglobulin Fab fragment」
関連記事	「fragment」「FAB」「F」