- 同
- eEF-2
- 同
- eEF-2
WordNet
- the 5th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)e
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2017/01/24 10:36:43」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Elongation factors are a set of proteins that are used in protein synthesis in the process of cell cycle and elongation in some cells. In the ribosome, they facilitate translational elongation, from the formation of the first peptide bond to the formation of the last one.
Elongation is the most rapid step in translation:
- in prokaryotes it proceeds at a rate of 15 to 20 amino acids added per second (about 60 nucleotides per second)
- in eukaryotes the rate is about two amino acids per second.
Elongation factors play a role in orchestrating the events of this process, and in ensuring the 99.99% accuracy of translation at this speed.
Elongation factors are also a target for pathogen toxins. Corynebacterium diphtheriae produces the diphtheria toxin that alters protein function in the host by inactivating elongation factor (EF-2). This causes pharyngitis and pseudomembranous inflammation in the throat.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa's exotoxin A also inhibits EF-2.
See also
- Prokaryotic elongation factors
- Archaeal elongation factors
- Eukaryotic elongation factors
- GTP-binding elongation factor family, EF-Tu/EF-1A subfamily
References
- Alberts, B. et al. (2002). Molecular Biology of the Cell, 4th ed. New York: Garland Science. ISBN 0-8153-3218-1
- Berg, J. M. et al. (2002). Biochemistry, 5th ed. New York: W.H. Freeman and Company. ISBN 0-7167-3051-0
- Singh, B. D. (2002). Fundamentals of Genetics, New Delhi, India: Kalyani Publishers. ISBN 81-7663-109-4
External links
- Elongation Factor at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- EC 3.6.5.3
Protein biosynthesis: translation (prokaryotic, eukaryotic)
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Proteins |
Initiation factor |
Prokaryotic |
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Archaeal |
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Eukaryotic |
eIF1 |
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eIF2 |
- EIF2S1
- EIF2S2
- EIF2S3
- EIF2B1
- EIF2B2
- EIF2B3
- EIF2B4
- EIF2B5
- EIF-2 kinase
- eIF2A
- eIF2D
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eIF3 |
- EIF3A
- B
- C
- D
- E
- F
- G
- H
- I
- J
- K
- L
- M
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eIF4 |
- EIF4A2
- A3
- B
- E1
- E2
- E3
- G1
- G2
- G3
- H
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eIF5 |
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eIF6 |
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Elongation factor |
Prokaryotic |
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Archaeal |
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Eukaryotic |
- EEF-1
- EEF1A1
- EEF1A2
- EEF1A3
- EEF1B1
- EEF1B2
- EEF1B3
- EEF1B4
- EEF1D
- EEF1E1
- EEF1G
- EEF2
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Release factor |
- Prokaryotic
- Archaeal
- Eukaryotic (ETF1)
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Ribosomal Proteins |
- RPS1
- RPS2
- RPS3
- RPS4
- RPS5
- RPS6
- RPS7
- RPS8
- RPS9
- RPS10
- RPS11
- RPS12
- RPS13
- RPS14
- RPS15
- RPS16
- RPS17
- RPS18
- RPS19
- RPS20
- RPS21
- RPS22
- RPS23
- RPS24
- RPS25
- RPS26
- RPS27
- RPS28
- RPS29
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Other concepts |
- Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase
- Reading frame
- Start codon
- Stop codon
- Shine-Dalgarno sequence/Kozak consensus sequence
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Hydrolases: acid anhydride hydrolases (EC 3.6)
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3.6.1 |
- Pyrophosphatase
- Apyrase
- Thiamine-triphosphatase
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3.6.2 |
- Adenylylsulfatase
- Phosphoadenylylsulfatase
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3.6.3-4: ATPase |
3.6.3 |
Cu++ (3.6.3.4) |
- Menkes/ATP7A
- Wilson/ATP7B
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Ca+ (3.6.3.8) |
- SERCA
- Plasma membrane
- ATP2B1
- ATP2B2
- ATP2B3
- ATP2B4
- SPCA
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Na+/K+ (3.6.3.9) |
- ATP1A1
- ATP1A2
- ATP1A3
- ATP1A4
- ATP1B1
- ATP1B2
- ATP1B3
- ATP1B4
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H+/K+ (3.6.3.10) |
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Other P-type ATPase |
- ATP8B1
- ATP10A
- ATP11B
- ATP12A
- ATP13A2
- ATP13A3
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3.6.4 |
- Dynein
- Kinesin
- Myosin
- Katanin
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3.6.5: GTPase |
3.6.5.1: Heterotrimeric G protein |
- Gαs
- Gαi
- Gαq/11
- Gα12/13
- Transducin
- Gustducin
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3.6.5.2: Small GTPase > Ras superfamily |
- Rho family of GTPases: Cdc42
- RhoUV
- Rac
- RhoBTB
- RhoH
- Rho
- Rnd
- RhoDF
- other: Ras
- Rab
- Arf
- Ran
- Rheb
- Rap
- RGK
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3.6.5.3: Protein-synthesizing GTPase |
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3.6.5.5-6: Polymerization motors |
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Halomicroarcula salina sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern.
- Zhang WJ1, Cui HL2.
- International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology.Int J Syst Evol Microbiol.2015 May;65(Pt 5):1628-33. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.000150. Epub 2015 Feb 26.
- Halophilic archaeal strain YGHS18(T) was isolated from the Yinggehai marine solar saltern near Shanya city of Hainan Province, China. Cells from the strain were observed to be pleomorphic rods, stained Gram-negative, and formed red-pigmented colonies on solid media. Strain YGHS18(T) was found to be
- PMID 25721722
- Global longitudinal strain and global circumferential strain by speckle-tracking echocardiography and feature-tracking cardiac magnetic resonance imaging: comparison with left ventricular ejection fraction.
- Onishi T1, Saha SK2, Delgado-Montero A1, Ludwig DR1, Onishi T1, Schelbert EB1, Schwartzman D1, Gorcsan J 3rd3.
- Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography.J Am Soc Echocardiogr.2015 May;28(5):587-96. doi: 10.1016/j.echo.2014.11.018. Epub 2015 Jan 7.
- BACKGROUND: Left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) is a routine clinical standard to assess cardiac function. Global longitudinal strain (GLS) and global circumferential strain (GCS) have emerged as important LV functional measures. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship
- PMID 25577185
- Elongation Factor 2 Kinase Is Regulated by Proline Hydroxylation and Protects Cells during Hypoxia.
- Moore CE1, Mikolajek H1, Regufe da Mota S1, Wang X1, Kenney JW1, Werner JM1, Proud CG2.
- Molecular and cellular biology.Mol Cell Biol.2015 May;35(10):1788-804. doi: 10.1128/MCB.01457-14. Epub 2015 Mar 9.
- Protein synthesis, especially translation elongation, requires large amounts of energy, which is often generated by oxidative metabolism. Elongation is controlled by phosphorylation of eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2), which inhibits its activity and is catalyzed by eEF2 kinase (eEF2K), a calci
- PMID 25755286
Japanese Journal
- バングラデシュで2013年3月22日に発生した竜巻の被害と発生環境場
- 村田 文絵,Hassan S. M. Quamrul,Mannan Md. Abdul,山根 悠介,林 泰一
- 天気 61(3), 151-158, 2014-03-31
- … バングラデシュ東部で2013年3月22日に発生したEF-2レベルの竜巻は死者36名の被害をもたらした.迅速に行われた被害調査の結果を示し,環境場の調査から発生原因を考察する. …
- NAID 110009807252
- カルボプラチン,ペメトレキセド,ベバシズマブによる化学療法が奏効し完全切除可能であった肺腺癌の1例
- 宮原 栄治,板垣 友子,桑原 正樹,亀田 彰
- 日本呼吸器外科学会雑誌 27(7), 826-831, 2013
- … 学療法が著効し治癒切除が可能と判断した.化学療法後6週間後に右上葉切除,中葉部分切除,第2-5肋骨合併切除を行った.術後病理診断では右上葉のごく一部に2 mmのviableな腺癌を認めるものの,ほぼすべてが凝固壊死していた.Ef.3に近いEf.2と診断された.切除不能非小細胞肺癌に対しカルボプラチン,ペメトレキセド,ベバシズマブに …
- NAID 130003384517
- ベバシズマブを含む化学療法により転移巣の病理学的完全奏効が得られ治癒切除が可能であったIV期肺癌の1例
- 張 性洙,松浦 奈都美,垂水 晋太郎,石川 真也,呉 哲彦,横見瀬 裕保
- 肺癌 52(6), 913-918, 2012
- … ブの登場により進行非扁平上皮非小細胞肺癌に対する化学療法の腫瘍縮小率は著しく向上した.症例.78歳,男性.副腎転移を有する左上葉肺癌(腺癌)cT2aN0M1b,stage IVに対してベバシズマブを含む化学療法を4コース施行した.画像上は縮小率75%のPRで腫瘍マーカーもほぼ正常化したことから,左肺上葉切除術と副腎摘出術を施行した.病理学的には原発巣には一部viableな腫瘍細胞が残存しておりEf. …
- NAID 130003314999
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Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- peptide elongation factor 2、EF-2
- 関
- ペプチド伸長因子2
[★]
ペプチド伸長因子2、伸長因子2
- 関
- EF-2
[★]
[★]