WordNet

the process of becoming a vapor (同)vaporisation, vapor, vapour, evaporation
annihilation by vaporizing something (同)vaporisation
change into a vapor; "The water evaporated in front of our eyes" (同)vaporise
lose or cause to lose liquid by vaporization leaving a more concentrated residue; "evaporate milk" (同)vaporize, vaporise
cause to change into a vapor; "The chemist evaporated the water" (同)vaporise
the trait of being unpredictably irresolute; "the volatility of the market drove many investors away" (同)unpredictability
the property of changing readily from a solid or liquid to a vapor
the process of changing into gas; "coal gas is produced by the gasification of coal"
heat absorbed by a unit mass of a material at its boiling point in order to convert the material into a gas at the same temperature (同)heat of vaporisation

PrepTutorEJDIC

『蒸発する』,蒸発して消える,消散する / …‘を'蒸発させる,蒸気にする
揮発性 / 移り気,気まぐれ
蒸発;(蒸発による)消散
蒸発,気化

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/10/23 07:35:35」(JST)

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Vaporization (or vaporisation) of an element or compound is a phase transition from the liquid phase to vapor ^[1] There are two types of vaporization: evaporation and boiling.

This diagram shows the nomenclature for the different phase transitions.

Evaporation is a phase transition from the liquid phase to vapor (a state of substance below critical temperature and critical pressure) that occurs at temperatures below the boiling temperature at a given pressure. Evaporation usually occurs on the surface. Evaporation may occur when the partial pressure of vapor of a substance is less than the equilibrium vapour pressure.

Boiling is a phase transition from the liquid phase to gas phase that occurs at or above the boiling temperature. Boiling, as opposed to evaporation, occurs below the surface. Boiling occurs when the equilibrium vapour pressure of the substance is greater than or equal to the environmental pressure. For this reason, boiling point varies with the pressure of the environment. Evaporation is a surface phenomenon whereas boiling is a bulk phenomenon.

Sublimation is a direct phase transition from the solid phase to the gas phase, skipping the intermediate liquid phase.

The term vaporization has also been used to refer to the physical destruction of an object that is exposed to intense heat. As noted in discussions of the effects of nuclear weapons, this includes the vaporization of the uninhabited Marshall Island of Elugelab in the 1952 Ivy Mike thermonuclear test.^[2]

At the moment of an nuclear fission, thermonuclear fusion, or theoretical antimatter weapon detonation, a flux of so many gamma ray, x-ray, ultraviolet visual light and heat photons strikes matter in a such brief amount of time (a great number of high-energy photons, many overlapping in the same physical space) that all molecules lose their atomic bonds and "fly apart". All atoms lose their electron shells and become positively charged ions, in turn emitting photons of a slightly lower energy than they had absorbed. All such matter becomes a gas of nuclei and electrons which rise into the air due to their high temperature or bond to each other as they cool. The matter vaporized this way is immediately a plasma in a state of maximum entropy and this state steadily reduces via the factor of passing time due to natural processed in the biosphere and the effects of physics at normal temperatures and pressures.

References

^ Britannica: Vaporization
^ PBS American Experience "Mike" Test

External links

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