WordNet

make volatile; cause to pass off in a vapor (同)volatilise
tending to vary often or widely; "volatile stocks"; "volatile emotions"
a volatile substance; a substance that changes readily from solid or liquid to a vapor; "it was heated to evaporate the volatiles"
evaporating readily at normal temperatures and pressures; "volatile oils"; "volatile solvents"

PrepTutorEJDIC

(液体が)揮発性の,揮発しやすい / (人・性格が)変わりやすい,気まぐれの / 不安定な;爆発しやすい / 怒りやすい,短気な

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/11/09 09:56:38」(JST)

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In chemistry and physics, volatility is the tendency of a substance to vaporize. Volatility is directly related to a substance's vapor pressure. At a given temperature, a substance with higher vapor pressure vaporizes more readily than a substance with a lower vapor pressure.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

The term is primarily written to be applied to liquids; however, it may be used to describe the process of sublimation which is associated with solid substances, such as dry ice (solid carbon dioxide) and ammonium chloride, which can change directly from the solid state to a vapor without becoming liquid.

A typical vapor pressure chart for various liquids

Relations between vapor pressure, temperature, and boiling point

The vapor pressure of a substance is the pressure at which its gas phase is in equilibrium with its condensed phases (liquid or solid). It is a measure of the tendency of molecules and atoms to escape from a liquid or a solid. A liquid's atmospheric pressure boiling point corresponds to the temperature at which its vapor pressure is equal to the surrounding atmospheric pressure and it is often called the normal boiling point.

The higher the vapor pressure of a liquid at a given temperature, the higher the volatility and the lower the normal boiling point of the liquid. The vapor pressure chart (right hand side) displays the vapor pressures dependency for a variety of liquids as a function of temperature.^[5]

For example, at any given temperature, methyl chloride has the highest vapor pressure of any of the liquids in the chart. It also has the lowest normal boiling point (−24.2 °C), which is where the vapor pressure curve of methyl chloride (the blue line) intersects the horizontal pressure line of one atmosphere (atm) of absolute vapor pressure.

References

^ Gases and Vapor (University of Kentucky website)
^ Definition of Terms (University of Victoria website)
^ James G. Speight (2006). The Chemistry and Technology of Petroleum (4th Edition ed.). CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-9067-8. CS1 maint: Extra text (link)
^ Kister, Henry Z. (1992-02-01). Distillation Design (1st Edition ed.). McGraw-hill. ISBN 978-0-07-034909-4. CS1 maint: Extra text (link)
^ Perry, R.H. and Green, D.W. (Editors); Don W. Green; James O. Maloney (1997). Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook (7th Edition ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-049841-9. CS1 maint: Extra text (link)

External links

Volatility from ilpi.com
Definition of volatile from Wiktionary

English Journal

Influence of chlorine, sulfur and phosphorus on the volatilization behavior of heavy metals during sewage sludge thermal treatment.

Luan J, Li R, Zhang Z, Li Y, Zhao Y.SourceLiaoning Key Laboratory of Clean Energy, School of Energy & Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, China.
Waste management & research : the journal of the International Solid Wastes and Public Cleansing Association, ISWA.Waste Manag Res.2013 Jul 5. [Epub ahead of print]
Chlorine, sulfur and phosphorus were selected as element donators to investigate their effect on the volatilization behavior of heavy metals in sludge sewage incineration. Principal component analysis indicated that the promotive effect on the volatilization of heavy metals was followed by chlorine,
PMID 23831774

Degradation of the persistent organic pollutant [(14)c]heptachlor in Japanese field soils.

Hayashi O, Kameshiro M, Satoh K.SourceChemistry Division, The Institute of Environmental Toxicology.
Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry.Biosci Biotechnol Biochem.2013 Jun 23;77(6):1240-4. Epub 2013 Jun 7.
The fate of [(14)C]heptachlor in Saitama soil and the degradation of [(14)C]heptachlor in four Japanese field soils over 112 d after application were investigated. Heptachlor was degraded mainly to cis-heptachlor epoxide by a biotic process and to 1-hydroxychlordene by an abiotic process in the fiel
PMID 23748788

Isolation and characterization of bacteria from mercury contaminated sites in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and assessment of methylmercury removal capability of a Pseudomonas putida V1 strain.

Cabral L, Giovanella P, Gianello C, Bento FM, Andreazza R, Camargo FA.SourceDepartment of Soil Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 7712, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil. lucelia.cabral@hotmail.com
Biodegradation.Biodegradation.2013 Jun;24(3):319-31. doi: 10.1007/s10532-012-9588-z. Epub 2012 Sep 16.
Methylmercury (MeHg) is one of the most dangerous heavy metal for living organisms that may be found in environment. Given the crescent industrialization of Brazil and considering that mercury is a residue of several industrial processes, there is an increasing need to encounter and develop remediat
PMID 22983740