WordNet

determine the sum of; "Add all the people in this town to those of the neighboring town" (同)tot, tot up, sum, sum_up, summate, tote up, add, add together, tally, add up
damage beyond the point of repair; "My son totaled our new car"; "the rock star totals his guitar at every concert"
add up in number or quantity; "The bills amounted to $2,000"; "The bill came to $2,000" (同)number, add up, come, amount
a small amount (especially of a drink); "a tot of rum"
used of automobiles; completely demolished; "the insurance adjuster declared the automobile totaled"

PrepTutorEJDIC

『総計の』,全体の / 『全くの』,完全な(absolute) / 『合計』,総額,総数,総量(sum) / …‘を'合計する / 合計…‘に'なる,総額が…‘に'のぼる(amount to)
幼児,小児 / (特に酒類の)少量,一杯,一口
…‘を'合計する《+up+名,+名+up》 / 合計(…に)なる《+up to+名》

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/05/24 20:40:27」(JST)

wiki en

Cystectomy is a medical term for surgical removal of all or part of the urinary bladder. It may also be rarely used to refer to the removal of a cyst, or the gallbladder. The most common condition warranting removal of the urinary bladder is bladder cancer.^[1] After the bladder has been removed, an Ileal conduit urinary diversion is necessary. An alternative to this method is to construct a pouch from a section of ileum or colon, which can act as a form of replacement bladder, storing urine until the patient desires to release it, which can be achieved by either abdominal straining or self catheterisation. Future treatment for this condition may involve a full replacement with an artificial bladder.

One of the follow-up solutions to a cystectomy is the creation of a neobladder (one form of which is named Studer's Ileal Neobladder or the Studer Pouch). A neobladder is a loop of intestine that is surgically fashioned into a pouch and placed in the location of the original bladder. It is then attached to the ureters and the urethra, thus simulating the function of the original organ. The kidneys filter the urine into the neobladder which can often be emptied by muscle control. There are side effects of this complex surgery, including partial shut down of the digestive system (in response to removal of the piece of intestine), incontinence, and the loss of the nerves that signal a full bladder.

References

^ Clark, PE; Stein JP, Groshen SG et al. (July 2005). "Radical cystectomy in the elderly: comparison of clinical outcomes between younger and older patients". Cancer 104 (1): 36–43. doi:10.1002/cncr.21126. PMID 15912515. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help)

External links

American Bladder Cancer Society A site created for and by Bladder Cancer (BLC) survivors, people with symptoms and the people that care about them. A support group promoting education, awareness, and a discussion forum to help patients, survivors, and caregivers share information and get answers to questions.
Information at the Bladder Cancer Web Cafe
About reconstruction from Stanford Hospital
Scientific paper on neobladders

UpToDate Contents

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1. 腹腔鏡下／ロボット支援下根治的膀胱全摘術 laparoscopic robotic assisted radical cystectomy
2. 尿路上皮（移行上皮）膀胱癌に対する根治的膀胱全摘除術および膀胱温存治療 radical cystectomy and bladder sparing treatments for urothelial transitional cell bladder cancer
3. 膀胱切除術後の尿路変更および尿路再建 urinary diversion and reconstruction following cystectomy
4. 卵巣摘出術および卵巣嚢腫核出術 oophorectomy and ovarian cystectomy
5. 尿路上皮（移行上皮）膀胱癌のマネージメントの概要 overview of the management of urothelial transitional cell bladder cancer

English Journal

Radical cystectomy in a dutch university hospital: long-term outcomes and prognostic factors in a homogeneous surgery-only series.

Bruins HM1, Arends TJ1, Pelkman M1, Hulsbergen-van de Kaa CA2, van der Heijden AG1, Witjes JA3.
Clinical genitourinary cancer.Clin Genitourin Cancer.2014 Jun;12(3):190-5. doi: 10.1016/j.clgc.2013.11.004. Epub 2013 Nov 12.
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to present survival outcomes and identify prognostic factors in patients undergoing radical cystectomy (RC) for urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) in a homogeneous surgery-only series.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients who underwent RC for UBC with intent-to-cure betwe
PMID 24332508

Ovarian masses in children and adolescents - an analysis of 521 clinical cases.

Zhang M1, Jiang W1, Li G2, Xu C3.
Journal of pediatric and adolescent gynecology.J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol.2014 Jun;27(3):e73-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jpag.2013.07.007. Epub 2013 Oct 21.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical characteristics of ovarian masses in children and adolescents.MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of patients less than 20 years of age who were treated at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University between March 2003 and Ja
PMID 24157281

Umbilical laparoendoscopic urological surgery with a novel reusable device.

García-Tello A1, Cabrera PM, Cáceres F, Ramón de Fata F, Mateo E, Angulo JC.
Scandinavian journal of urology.Scand J Urol.2014 Jun;48(3):301-8. doi: 10.3109/21681805.2013.876096. Epub 2014 Jan 21.
Abstract Objective.The aims of this study were to present cumulative experience with umbilical laparoendoscopic urological surgery using a reusable device and to evaluate outcomes and complications in the first 100 patients. Material and methods. Patients undergoing umbilical surgery with the KeyPor
PMID 24446863

Japanese Journal

腸管利用尿路変向を伴った膀胱全摘除術における真皮埋没縫合および持続吸引式皮下ドレーンによるSurgical Site Infection防止効果の検討

金丸聰淳,土橋一成,牧野雄樹 [他]
泌尿器科紀要 = Acta urologica Japonica 60(11), 537-542, 2014-11
NAID 40020277516

腸管利用尿路変向を伴った膀胱全摘除術における真皮埋没縫合および持続吸引式皮下ドレーンによるSurgical Site Infection防止効果の検討

金丸聰淳,土橋一成,牧野雄樹,清水洋祐,伊藤哲之
泌尿器科紀要 = Acta urologica Japonica 60(11), 537-542, 2014-11
… We assessed the effect of subcuticular buried sutures with subcutaneous closed suction drain to prevent surgical site infection (SSI) in patients undergoing total cystectomy with urinary diversion using the intestine. … We reviewed the clinical charts of 43 consecutive patients who underwent total cystectomy with urinary diversion using the intestine from February 2006 to March 2011 at Nishi-Kobe Medical Center. …
NAID 120005521626

膀胱憩室内に発生した神経内分泌癌の1例

村松洋行,金尾健人,森永慎吾,梶川圭史,小林郁生,西川源也,吉澤孝彦,加藤義晴,渡邉將人,全並賢二,中村小源太,住友誠
泌尿器科紀要 = Acta urologica Japonica 60(9), 439-442, 2014-09
… She underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) and subsequently total cystectomy with ileal conduit on the diagnosis of an invasive urothelial carcinoma. …
NAID 120005477658