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Third ventricle | |
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Scheme showing relations of the ventricles to the surface of the brain.
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Details | |
Identifiers | |
Latin | ventriculus tertius cerebri |
NeuroNames | hier-429 |
NeuroLex ID | Third ventricle |
Dorlands /Elsevier |
v_06/12853453 |
TA | A14.1.08.410 |
FMA | 78454 |
Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy
[edit on Wikidata]
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The third ventricle (ventriculus tertius) is one of four connected fluid-filled cavities comprising the ventricular system within the human brain. It is a median cleft in the diencephalon between the two thalami, and is filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
It is in the midline, between the left and right lateral ventricles. Running through the third ventricle is the interthalamic adhesion, which contains thalamic neurons and fibers that may connect the two thalami.
The third ventricle communicates with the lateral ventricles anteriorly by the interventricular foramina (of Monro). It also communicates with the fourth ventricle posteriorly by the cerebral aqueduct (of Sylvius).
The third ventricle, like other parts of the ventricular system of the brain, develops from the central canal of the neural tube. Specifically, it originates from the portion of the tube that is present in the developing prosencephalon, and subsequently in the developing diencephalon.[1]
The third ventricle is bounded by the thalamus and hypothalamus on both the left and right sides. The lamina terminalis forms the anterior wall. The floor is formed by hypothalamic structures. The roof is formed by the ependyma, lining the undersurface of the tela choroidea of the third ventricle.
There are two protrusions on the anterior aspect of the third ventricle:
Additionally, there are two protrusions on the posterior aspect, above the cerebral aqueduct:
In casts of the ventricular system, a small hole may be seen in the body of the third ventricle. This is formed where the two thalami are joined together at the interthalamic adhesion (not seen in all people).
The floor of the third ventricle is formed by hypothalamic structures and this can be opened surgically between the mamillary bodies and the pituitary gland in a procedure called an endoscopic third ventriculostomy. An endoscopic third ventriculostomy can be performed in order to release extra fluid caused by hydrocephalus.
Several studies have found evidence of ventricular enlargement to be associated with major depression, particularly enlargement of the third ventricle.[2][3][4] These observations are interpreted as indicating a loss of neural tissue in brain regions adjacent to the enlarged ventricle, leading to suggestions that cytokines and related mediators of neurodegeneration may play a role in giving rise to the disease.[5][6][7]
Coronal section of brain immediately in front of pons.
Coronal section of brain through intermediate mass of third ventricle.
Coronal section of lateral and third ventricles.
Drawing of a cast of the ventricular cavities, viewed from above.
Coronal section of brain through anterior commissure.
Diagram showing the positions of the three principal subarachnoid cisternæ.
Median sagittal through the hypophysis of an adult monkey. Semidiagrammatic.
Third ventricle
Third ventricle
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リンク元 | 「第三脳室」「第3脳室」 |
関連記事 | 「ventricle」 |
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