WordNet

in that case or as a consequence; "if he didnt take it, then who did?"; "keep it then if you want to"; "the case, then, is closed"; "youve made up your mind then?"; "then youll be rich"
that time; that moment; "we will arrive before then"; "we were friends from then on"
subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors); "then he left"; "go left first, then right"; "first came lightning, then thunder"; "we watched the late movie and then went to bed"; "and so home and to bed" (同)so, and so, and then
at a specific prior time; "the then president"
at that time; "I was young then"; "prices were lower back then"; "science as it was then taught"
make ones way by force; "He muscled his way into the office"
animal tissue consisting predominantly of contractile cells (同)muscular_tissue
one of the contractile organs of the body (同)musculus
authority or power or force (especially when used in a coercive way); "the senators used their muscle to get the party leader to resign"
the fleshy area of the palm at the base of the thumb

PrepTutorEJDIC

『その時』,あの時,そのころ / (時間・場所・順番などが)『それから』,その次に,隣に,その[すぐ]後で / 『その上』,それに / 《通例文頭または文尾において》『それでは』,それなら,その結果 / 『その時の』,当時の / 『その時』
〈U〉(動物体の組織としての)『筋肉』,筋(きん);〈C〉(体の各部を動かす)筋肉 / 〈U〉力,(特に)筋力,腕力 / 《俗に》(…に)強引に割り込む《+『in on』(『into, through』)+『名』》
筋肉の,筋力のある / 力ずくの

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/09/06 11:27:26」(JST)

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The thenar eminence (from the Greek "θέναρ" - thenar, "palm of the hand"^[1] and the Latin word "eminentia", meaning projection,^[2]) refers to the group of muscles on the palm of the human hand at the base of the thumb. The skin overlying this region is the area stimulated when trying to elicit a palmomental reflex.

Structure

The following three muscles are considered part of the thenar eminence:^[3]

Abductor pollicis brevis abducts the thumb. This muscle is the most superficial of the thenar group.
Flexor pollicis brevis, which lies next to the abductor, will flex the thumb, curling it up in the palm.
Opponens pollicis lies deep to abductor pollicis brevis. As its name suggests it opposes the thumb, bringing it against the fingers. This is a very important movement, as most of human hand dexterity comes from this action.

Another muscle that controls movement of the thumb is adductor pollicis. It lies deeper and more distal to flexor pollicis brevis. Despite its name, its main action is mainly rotation and opposition. It is not in the thenar group of muscles, so is supplied by the ulnar nerve.^[4]

Innervation

The opponens pollicis and abductor pollicis brevis are normally innervated by the median nerve. The flexor pollicis brevis has two heads a superficial and a deep. The superficial is innervated by the median nerve and the deep is innervated by the ulnar nerve. The adductor pollicis is typically innervated by the ulnar nerve. There are normal variations. In a Cannieu-Riche anastomosis, fibers from the deep palmar branch of the ulnar nerve innervate the opponens pollicis and/or abductor pollicis brevis. Regardless of their final innervation, the nerves that reach the thenar muscles arise from the C8 and T1 roots, pass through the lower trunk of the plexus, and then through the medial cord of the plexus.

The ulnar nerve is exclusively responsible for the innervations of the hypothenar eminence. Both nerves contribute to the innervations of the midpalmar group.^[5]

The flexor pollicis brevis (FPB) is typically an ulnar-innervated muscle. Due to a common interconnection between the median and ulnar nerves in the hand (Riche-Cannieu interconnection), the Median nerve may innervate the FPB in 35% of people. It is innervated by the Ulnar nerve in 50% of people and by both the median and ulnar nerves in 15%.

The muscles in this location are usually innervated by the recurrent branch of the median nerve. They all control movement of the thumb.

The innervation of these muscles by the median nerve is unusual, as most of the intrinsic muscles on the palm of the hand are supplied by the ulnar nerve. The lateral two lumbrical muscles are the other exception.

Additional Images

Thenar muscle
Thenar muscle
Thenar eminence
Carpal tunnel and tenar and hypothenar eminences

References

^ θέναρ, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus Digital library
^ Mosby's Medical Dictionary (8th ed.). Elsevier. 2009. ISBN 978-0-323-05290-0.
^ "Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand — Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics". Retrieved 2008-01-16.
^ "Applied MSK anatomy of the hand". Archived from the original on 2008-01-01. Retrieved 2008-01-16.
^ Van De Graaff, Kent M. (1992). Human Anatomy (3rd ed.). Dubuque: Wm C Brown. ISBN 0-697-09716-1. Print.

External links

lesson5mus&tendonsofhand at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University)

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

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Wall LB1, Goldfarb CA2.
Hand clinics.Hand Clin.2016 Aug;32(3):417-21. doi: 10.1016/j.hcl.2016.03.012. Epub 2016 May 21.
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Rymer B1, Thomas PB2.
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The Camitz procedure involves transfer of the insertion of the palmaris longus tendon with a strip of the palmar aponeurosis to the insertion of abductor pollicis brevis in order to improve thumb opposition, and is usually done when severe carpal tunnel syndrome results in complete wasting of the th
PMID 26768219

Japanese Journal

臨床経験超音波検査を用いた手根管症候群の母指球筋萎縮の評価法

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NAID 40020712304

異なる筋収縮強度を用いた母指対立運動イメージが脊髄運動神経の興奮性と自律神経活動に及ぼす影響

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画像診断超音波検査による母指球筋評価の試み

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「母指球筋」

Thenar eminence
	The mucous sheaths of the tendons on the anterior surface of the wrist and digits
	Transverse section across the wrist and digits (muscles of thumb labeled at upper left)
Details
Latin	Eminentia thenaris
Artery	Superficial palmar arch
Nerve	Median nerve
Actions	Control movement of the thumb
Gray's	p.546
Dorlands; /Elsevier	t_07/12801990
	Anatomical terms of muscle